Test: Reaching the Age of Adolescence- 2 - UPSC MCQ

Ovum, which is the female gamete, always carries an X chromosome. This is because the allosome pair in females consists of two X chromosomes (XX).

Menstrual cycle is the cyclic change in inner wall of uterus for receiving fertilized egg. It begins with flow of mucus and blood through vagina. Whole event is controlled by hormones.

Secondary sexual characteristics develop during puberty and are generally different for males and females. Development of Adam’s apple in males and of breasts in females are examples of secondary sexual characteristics and thus, can be used to differentiate between the two.

Endocrine glands release their secretions directly into the blood as they are ductless glands, whereas the exocrine glands like salivary glands have ducts and do not release their secretion into the blood directly.

Testosterone hormone is released by testis of male. This hormone brings about changes like appearance of moustache, beard at puberty.

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by a virus called human immune virus (HIV). AIDS is a sexually transmitted disease.

Sebaceous gland is also known as oil gland. Sebaceous gland is present in skin that release oily substance to make skin moist.

Endocrine glands are called ductless gland because it do not contain duct to carry hormone to target site. The hormones release from endocrine glands reaches to target site through blood.

Puberty ends when an adolescent reaches reproductive maturity. Here's why:
- Reproductive Maturity: Puberty signifies the period during which a person becomes capable of sexual reproduction.
- Physical Changes: During puberty, the body undergoes various physical changes to prepare for reproduction.
- Hormonal Shifts: Hormonal changes influence physical and emotional development.
- Menstruation or Sperm Production: The onset of menstruation in girls or sperm production in boys marks reproductive readiness.
Thus, the correct answer is A: Reproductive maturity.

The correct answer is B: Target site.
- Hormones reach the target site through the bloodstream.
- Target sites are specific tissues or cells that have receptors for a particular hormone.
- Once a hormone binds to its receptor at the target site, it triggers a specific biological response or action.
- This interaction between the hormone and its target site is crucial for regulating various physiological processes in the body.