UPSC CAPF Paper 1 Mock Test - 1 (General & Mental Ability) - CDS MCQ

The Lok Sabha the Lower house of the Indian Parliament comprising of elected represented and the Vidhan Sabha is the state legislative assembly comprised of the legislatures elected by the voters. Elections for Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha are usually held after every five years.
However, if the ruling party loses the majority, the President dissolves the House and calls for fresh elections. Likewise, if the state government loses the majority, the Governor dissolves the state assembly and calls for fresh polls.
 

The correct statement is D: King of Nepal rules because he is elected by the people of Nepal. This statement is not correct because the King of Nepal does not hold any political power and is a ceremonial figurehead. The monarchy in Nepal was abolished in 2008 and the country transitioned to a federal democratic republic. Therefore, the King of Nepal is not elected by the people.
Let's break down the statements and analyze each one:
A: Pinochet is not elected by the people
- This statement is correct. Augusto Pinochet was a Chilean military officer who came to power through a coup in 1973. He ruled as a dictator until 1990 and was not elected by the people.
B: King of Nepal rules because he happens to be born into a royal family
- This statement is correct. In a hereditary monarchy, the position of the king or queen is passed down through generations within a royal family. The King of Nepal held power based on their birthright.
C: King of Saudi Arabia rules because he belongs to a royal family
- This statement is correct. Saudi Arabia is an absolute monarchy, and the king's position is inherited within the Al Saud royal family. The King of Saudi Arabia holds significant political power.
D: King of Nepal rules because he is elected by the people of Nepal
- This statement is not correct. As mentioned earlier, the monarchy in Nepal was abolished in 2008, and the King of Nepal does not hold any political power. The country is now a federal democratic republic.
In conclusion, the statement that is not correct is D: King of Nepal rules because he is elected by the people of Nepal. The monarchy in Nepal was abolished, and the King of Nepal is now a ceremonial figurehead without any political authority.

Public Interest Litigation (PIL)
PIL stands for Public Interest Litigation, which is a legal mechanism that allows individuals or organizations to bring cases to the court for the protection of public interest or the enforcement of legal rights. It is an important tool in promoting social justice, holding authorities accountable, and ensuring access to justice for marginalized groups. Here are the key points about PIL:
1. Definition: PIL is a legal action initiated by an individual or a group of individuals, acting in the interest of the public, to seek justice, protect fundamental rights, and address issues of public concern.
2. Scope: PIL can be filed in various areas such as environmental protection, human rights violations, consumer protection, corruption, gender equality, public health, and more. It allows citizens to challenge unconstitutional laws, government policies, or administrative actions.
3. Access to Justice: PIL provides an avenue for individuals who may not have personal standing or resources to approach the court. It helps in bridging the gap between the marginalized sections of society and the justice system.
4. Role of Courts: Courts play a crucial role in PIL cases by intervening in matters of public importance and issuing directions or guidelines to the government or other authorities to enforce constitutional rights and fulfill public obligations.
5. Public Interest: PIL focuses on issues that affect a large section of society or have a significant impact on public welfare. The court evaluates the merit of the case based on the public interest involved.
6. Judicial Activism: PIL has been instrumental in promoting judicial activism, where the courts proactively engage in social issues and policy matters to protect citizens' rights and ensure good governance.
In conclusion, PIL, which stands for Public Interest Litigation, is a legal mechanism that allows individuals or organizations to bring cases to the court in the interest of public welfare. It plays a vital role in promoting social justice, accountability, and access to justice for marginalized groups.

According to the Mandal Commission's report (headed by B.P. Mandal), 27% of the total number of jobs which were available in the government and public sector were reserved for the caste OBC. This meant that the people from other castes could not compete for those seats which in turn affected the job opportunities of thousands of peoples. That's why people reacted strongly to the Mandal Commission's Report.

Analysis of Correct Matches

• SAARC - Kathmandu: SAARC comprises eight member states with its headquarters and secretariat located in Kathmandu. The SAARC Charter was ratified in Dhaka on December 8, 1985.
• Act East Policy - Narasimha Rao: The Look East Policy was replaced by the Act East Policy, unveiled in November 2014 by the government of Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the Shangrila dialogue.
• Neighbourhood first policy - Narendra Modi: India's foreign policy has always prioritized "Neighbourhood First," with Narendra Modi emphasizing the importance of friendly connections and synergistic economic growth.
• Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank - Kualalampur: The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) was founded in 2015 to enhance social and economic outcomes in Asia. It commenced operations in January 2016 with its headquarters in Beijing.

Therefore, the correct matches are A and C Only.

Additional Information

• The Look East Policy was replaced by the Act East Policy in 2014.
• The Act East Policy was introduced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the Shangrila dialogue.
• The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) aims to improve social and economic outcomes in Asia and was established in 2015 with headquarters in Beijing.

Explanation:
The correct answer is C: Poverty line expenditure.
- The poverty line refers to the minimum level of income or expenditure required to meet the basic needs of an individual or a family.
- It is the level of expenditure at which minimum food needs are met.
- This expenditure level is often determined by governments or organizations as a benchmark to measure poverty and to determine eligibility for social welfare programs.
- It serves as a threshold to identify individuals or families who are living below the poverty line and in need of assistance.
- The poverty line expenditure may vary from country to country and is often adjusted periodically to account for changes in the cost of living and inflation.
- By setting a poverty line expenditure, governments and organizations can track and monitor poverty rates, design targeted interventions, and allocate resources to address poverty and inequality.

Churning poor is a sub category of poor, in which a person keeps on struggling to stay above the poverty line. In this type they regularly move in and out of poverty.

The correct answer is D as Zoroasterv’s end Avesta. has nothing to do with India’s trade and commercial contacts with the rest of the world.

Option C is correct. The immediate cause of Shahjahan's rebellion against Jahangir was that Shahjahan refused to go to Qandhar, which had been besieged by the Persians. Shahjahan believed that Jahangir's orders were reckless and that he should not have to risk his life in such a risky campaign. This led to a rift between the two and eventually resulted in Shahjahan's rebellion against Jahangir.

The correct option is B.
The empire was divided into a number of Iqtas.
Iqtadars administered the Iqtas.
Iqtas further were divided into smaller units called Parganas, Shiqqs, and the villages.
Amil or Munsif – an important official of the Pargana.

Krishnadevaraya (also Krishna Deva Raya) was the most important king of Vijayanagar Empire. He believed in the principle that a crowned king should always rule with an eye towards dharma.

Rashtrakuta king, krishna-1 had built the kailash temple of ellora. It is considered as the wonder of rock-out architecture.

Anurag Kumar (IPS), a 1994-batch Indian Police Service officer, has been appointed as the Joint Director of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC). This appointment is significant in the context of government appointments.

India slipped to the fourth position in the global ranking of startup funding in 2023, experiencing a significant downturn with only $7 billion in total funding, after holding the third spot in both 2021 and 2022.

Jyothi Yarraji secured the gold medal in the 60m hurdles event at the Asian Indoor Athletics Championship in Tehran. She achieved this feat with a timing of 8.12 seconds, breaking her national record set in the previous edition of the championship.

The weight of the body is the measure of force by which object is attracted towards the centre of earth. It always acts vertically downwards.

The site of energy generation is mitochondria. The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the transportation of protein and other material as well as the site for some biochemical activities. 

Many plant waste products are stored in cellular vacuoles.

Naphthalene because it changes from solid to gaseous without undergoing liquid as it is a sublime substance.

There is only one stable atom that does not have neutrons. It is an isotope of the element hydrogen called protium. Protium, which contains a single proton and a single electron, is the simplest atom. All other stable atoms contain some number of neutrons.

From the α scattering experiment, Rutherford concluded that:

1. There is a positively charged centre in the atom called the nucleus. Nearby all the mass of an atom resides in the nucleus.
2. Electrons revolve around the nucleus in well-defined orbitals.
3. The size of the nucleus is very small compared to that of an atom.
   (i) Scattering follows Columb's law
   (ii) Radius of the nucleus is less than 10⁻¹⁴ m
   (iii) α particles can approach with a distance of the order of 10⁻¹⁴ m of the nucleus.

The prostate gland and seminal vesicles are the associated glands that add their secretions to the sperm to form semen in the male reproductive system. These secretions provide nourishment to the sperm and help in the transport of sperm during ejaculation.

Phenotype:
- The physical appearance of an individual is known as the phenotype.
- It refers to the observable characteristics or traits of an organism.
- These traits can include physical features such as height, eye color, hair type, and skin color.
- Phenotype is determined by a combination of genetic factors (genotype) and environmental influences.
- It is the result of the expression of genes, which can be influenced by various factors such as nutrition, lifestyle, and exposure to certain substances.
- The phenotype can vary among individuals, even if they have the same genotype, due to differences in gene expression and environmental factors.
- Studying the phenotype is important in fields such as genetics, medicine, and anthropology to understand the relationship between genes, traits, and diseases.
- The phenotype can be observed and measured through various methods, including physical examination, imaging techniques, and genetic testing.

Changing the physical state of matter typically requires energy input or removal to overcome intermolecular forces.

Time taken by B = 400 – 80 = 320 seconds

Hence, Option A is correct.

Octal to Decimal conversion is obtained by multiplying 8 to the power of base index along with the value at that index position.

(532.2)8 = 5 * 8² + 3 * 8¹ + 2 * 8⁰ + 2 * 8^-1 = (346.25)10

Father’s father means grandfather.
Grandfather’s granddaughter means sister.
Sister’s husband means Brother-in-law.
So, B is A’s brother-in-law

U is the mother of P and R is the brother of P. So, U is mother of R.