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Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Class 10 MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test Olympiad Preparation for Class 10 - Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2

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Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 1

Which of the following sex chromosomes give rise to the male child?

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 1

Males have XY sex chromosomes while females have XX sex chromosomes; the male can contribute the X or Y chromosome, while the female must contribute one of their X chromosomes. A male infant results if the male contributes his Y chromosome while a female infant results if he contributes his X chromosome.

Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 2

A normal cell of human body contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. The number of chromosomes in a sex cell (sperm ovum) of a human being as most likely to be

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 2

There are 23 pairs of chromosomes i.e 46 chromosomes in a human cell. The sex chromosomes are the chromosomes that determine the sex (male or female) of an organism. There is only one pair of sex chromosome in a human cell which may be XX (for female) or XY (for male). If a sperm carrying chromosome X fertilizes the egg then the sex of the offspring will be female (XX). This is because the chromosome of an egg cell will always be X. 

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Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 3

The human species has genetic roots in 

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 3
  • The fossils are studied to determine the location and the origin of the organism. 
  • The fossils of the ancient human species Homo Naledi were excavated in the southern regions of Africa. 
  • With the help of research, the genetic footprint of humans can be traced back to Africa.

Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 4

The fossil trilobite was originally:

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 4

Trilobites are an extinct group of arthropods (jointed-legged animals) known from more than 10,000 fossil species. 
The group Trilobita existed from early in the Cambrian Period (520 million years ago) until the end of the Permian Period (250 million years ago). The name Trilobita is derived from the three (tri-) lobed structure of the exoskeleton, which has a raised central lobe (or axis) and a pair of side lobes, called as pleurae. The trilobite body is also divided lengthwise into three regions or tagmata: a head or cephalon, a middle region (thorax) composed of several to many articulated segments, and a tail plate called as a pygidium, which consists of fused segments.

Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 5

One of the following traits of the parents cannot be passed on to their future generations. This trait is

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 5

Scarred chin is an acquired trait, which an individual gets due to an accident. It cannot be passed on to the progeny.

Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 6

The visible characteristic in an organism is known as

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 6

Visible characteristics of an organism are called phenotype. The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, as determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 7

The exchange of genetic material takes place in 

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 7

In the case of asexual reproduction, only the minimal changes due to inaccuracies in DNA copying pass on to the progeny. Thus, offspring of asexual reproduction are more or less genetically similar to their parents. So, it can be concluded that evolution in sexually reproducing organisms proceed at a faster pace than in asexually reproducing organisms.

  • Sexual reproduction is a mode of reproduction where new organisms are produced by the exchange of genetic material during fertilization. 
  • Vegetative propagation and budding are forms of asexual reproduction and there is no exchange of genetic material in asexual reproduction.
Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 8

Which of the following statement is incorrect with respect to variations?

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 8

All variations in a species have equal chance of survival Obviously not. Depending on the nature of variations, different individuals would have different kinds of advantages.

Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 9

One of the following has not been produced from wild cabbage by the process of artificial selection. This one is

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 9

Spinach has not been produced from wild cabbage by the process of artificial selection.

Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 10

The zygote which has inherited an X chromosome from the father will develop into

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 10

Sex determination seen in humans is XY sex determination. Ovum carries X chromosome, whereas sperm can carry either X or Y chromosome. The genetic makeup of a female is XX and genetic makeup of male is XY. Therefore, if the zygote is formed by receiving the X chromosome from the father, the resulting zygote will be a female. 

Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 11

The two versions of a trait (character) which are brought in by the male and female gametes are situated on:

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 11
  • In a sexually reproducing population, the genes are present in different forms or alleles. 
  • The different alleles are present on different copies of the same chromosomes. In a normally diploid sexually reproducing population like humans, each individual has 23 pairs of chromosomes. 
  • Thus, there are two copies of each chromosome. 
  • One of the chromosomes (of each pair) comes from the father through male gamete and the other chromosome (of each pair) comes from mother through the female gamete. After the process of fertilization, the zygote is produced having 23 pairs of chromosomes, with alleles for a trait present on the homologous pair.

So, the correct answer is 'Copies of the same chromosome'

Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 12

Select the incorrect statement from the following:

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 12

Frequency of certain genes in a population change over several generations resulting in evolution. The factors affecting change in genetic frequency are natural selection, genetic drift, mutations and gene flow. Weight loss or gain occurs due to external factors such as food and is not genetically controlled. Hence, low weight parents can have heavy weight progeny due to difference in food habit. Frequency of inherited traits change over generation and causes evolution whereas traits that are not inherited over generations like dancing, playing guitar do not cause evolution. 

Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 13

If the fossil of an organism is found in the deeper layer of earth, then we can predict that

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 13
  1. Fossils are clear proof of evolution.
  2. Fossils are the bodily remains or imprints of deceased plants and animals that have been preserved in layers of the Earth and rocks.
  3. Older fossils are discovered deeper into the Earth.
  4. The extinction of organisms is thought to have occurred thousands of years ago.
Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 14

The sex of a child is determined by which of the following?

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 14

A baby’s sex is determined at the time of conception. When the baby is conceived, a chromosome from the sperm cell, either X or Y, fuses with the X chromosome in the egg cell, determining whether the baby will be female (XX) or male (XY)To be female, one needs to be (XX), whereas to be a male, (XY) is needed. It is the Y chromosome that is essential for the development of the male reproductive organs, and with no Y chromosome, an embryo will develop into a female.

Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 15

In evolution terms, we have more in common with:

Detailed Solution for Science Olympiad Test: Heredity and Evolution- 2 - Question 15

In terms of evolution, organisms belonging to the same species have more in common than organisms belonging to different species of the same genus or different genus. We have more in common with a Chinese school-boy because both belongs to the same species of Homo sapiens, and thus, share a common ancestor.

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