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Test: Agency by Ratification - Judiciary Exams MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test Civil Law for Judiciary Exams - Test: Agency by Ratification

Test: Agency by Ratification for Judiciary Exams 2024 is part of Civil Law for Judiciary Exams preparation. The Test: Agency by Ratification questions and answers have been prepared according to the Judiciary Exams exam syllabus.The Test: Agency by Ratification MCQs are made for Judiciary Exams 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Agency by Ratification below.
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Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 1

What does the concept of agency by ratification involve in the realm of law?

Detailed Solution for Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 1
The concept of agency by ratification within law involves the principal's confirmation or acceptance of an unauthorized act performed by someone on their behalf, known as the ratifier. This confirmation binds the principal to the consequences of the act, even though it was carried out without prior authorization. It essentially signifies the principal's approval of an act carried out by an agent without initial consent, making the act legally binding on the principal after ratification.
Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 2

What is an essential distinction in the ratification process according to Section 197 of the Indian Contract Act?

Detailed Solution for Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 2
The ratification process, as outlined in Section 197 of the Indian Contract Act, recognizes both express and implied forms of ratification. Express ratification occurs when the principal explicitly confirms an action undertaken on their behalf. In contrast, implied ratification is inferred from the conduct of the principal, indicating their acceptance of the action. Understanding this distinction is crucial in determining the validity of actions performed on behalf of another party.
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Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 3

What is a crucial requirement for agency by ratification to occur according to the provided content?

Detailed Solution for Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 3
In agency by ratification, one crucial requirement for the process to take place is the legal capacity of the principal. This means that the principal must have the legal authority and ability to approve or validate the act that has been performed on their behalf. This legal capacity is essential for the act to be ratified and for the principal to be bound by its consequences.
Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 4
What is the legal implication when a principal approves an unauthorized act performed by an agent through ratification?
Detailed Solution for Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 4
When a principal approves an unauthorized act performed by an agent through ratification, the principal assumes responsibility for the outcomes of the act. This means that the act becomes legally binding, and the principal cannot disown their liability. Ratification holds the same legal weight as if the principal had initially authorized the act, emphasizing the importance of the principal's involvement in the agent's actions.
Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 5
What is the effect of ratification in terms of its irrevocability?
Detailed Solution for Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 5
When an act receives ratification, it becomes irreversible, and the principal is prohibited from retracting the ratification. This means that once granted, the ratification cannot be undone, and the principal is bound by the act and any obligations arising from it. This emphasizes the significance of careful consideration before ratifying an act to avoid being bound by irreversible decisions.
Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 6
What is the legal outcome when an individual sells someone else's goods without authorization, and the owner later confirms the sale?
Detailed Solution for Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 6
In this scenario, when an unauthorized person sells someone else's goods and the owner later confirms the sale, it becomes legally binding. The owner then gains the rights to the proceeds from the sale. This legal concept is known as goods sale ratification. It highlights the importance of confirming transactions and the resulting ownership rights that are transferred upon ratification.
Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 7
What is a crucial requirement for ratification to occur based on the provided rules governing agency by ratification?
Detailed Solution for Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 7
In the context of ratification, one of the essential requirements is that the principal must have full knowledge of all relevant facts at the time of ratification. This ensures that the principal understands the details and implications of the actions being ratified. It is crucial for the principal to be well-informed before confirming and validating the agent's unauthorized actions.
Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 8
When is ratification considered invalid based on the rules governing agency by ratification?
Detailed Solution for Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 8
Ratification is deemed invalid when it infringes upon the rights of a third party. This implies that if the act being ratified would harm the rights or interests of a third party, the ratification cannot proceed. It is essential to ensure that the process of ratification does not violate the rights of any individual or entity outside of the principal-agent relationship.
Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 9
What aspect must the principal understand fully at the time of ratification for it to be considered valid?
Detailed Solution for Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 9
In order for ratification to be considered valid, the principal must have complete awareness of all relevant facts at the time of ratification. This means that the principal should fully understand the details and implications of the actions being ratified to validate the process effectively.
Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 10
In the case of Sunil v. Maharashtra State Mining Corporation, why was the company's ratification of the Managing Director's actions deemed illegal?
Detailed Solution for Test: Agency by Ratification - Question 10
The court deemed the company's ratification of the Managing Director's actions as illegal because they served an unlawful purpose, contravening the company's regulations and infringing upon the rights of the employee. This highlights the importance of ensuring that actions being ratified are in line with legal requirements and do not violate any laws or regulations.
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