Test: Struggle For Empire in North India (1525 - 1555) - 1 - UPSC MCQ

Timur, also known as Tamerlane, was a Turco-Mongol conqueror who united and extended Iran and Turan under one rule in the late 14th and early 15th centuries.

Babur was forced to move towards Afghanistan and then India due to the conflict between the three mighty empires: Timurid, Uzbeks, and Safavids.

Daulat Khan, the most powerful noble of Punjab, who was discontented with Ibrahim Lodhi, invited Babur to invade India and overthrow the Lodhi ruler.

The First Battle of Panipat, fought between Ibrahim Lodi and Babur in 1526, marked the foundation of Mughal dominion in India.

Rana Sangha, the ruler of Mewar, gave the toughest resistance to Babur's expansion plans in India.

Babur used several tactics to defeat his enemies in the Battle of Panipat and the Battle of Khanwa, including mobile mode of warfare, the use of gunpowder, and trenches filled with trees.

After Babur's advent into India, Kabul and Qandhar became an integral part of the Indian Empire once again, serving as strategic locations for future conquests and trade routes.

Babur wrote his memoirs, Tuzuk-i-Baburi, in the Turkish language, which provides valuable insights into his life and experiences.

Babur was an orthodox Sunni Muslim but was not a bigot. There are few instances of temple destruction during his reign, and he fostered a culture of fine arts and tolerance.

Babur introduced a new concept of the state in India, which was based on the strength and prestige of the crown, the absence of bigotry, and the careful fostering of fine arts and culture.