RRB PRT Teacher Mock Test- 1 - RRB NTPC/ASM/CA/TA MCQ

According to UNESCO, “Educational technology is a communication resulting from the application of the scientific methods to the behavioral science of teaching and learning. This communication may or may not require the use of media such as television broadcasts, radio, cassettes, etc.”
Information and Communication Technology(ICT) is defined as a diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, create, disseminate, store, and manage information.

• ICT can provide supportive or facilitative approaches in the classroom.
• ICTs are more interesting and practical as designed lessons.
• Some tools of ICT can be used for collaboration inside and outside the classroom.
• There are different tools of ICT available today that can be used to assess your students’ performance during your teaching-learning process as well as after completion of the course.
• ICT enables your classroom by encompassing a variety of techniques, tools, content, and resources.

Hence, we can conclude that ICTs are more charming and interesting than designed lessons.

The correct answer is 3 i.e. ​The particles of matter are rigid and fixed.
Particles of the matter :

• When we put ink in water and increase the dilution by adding more water in the solution of ink and water, the particles of the solution gets very, very small.
• In another case, by adding 50 grams of sugar in the sugar solution, the volume of water has not increased.
• The fact that there is no change in volume on dissolving sugar in the water tells us that there are spaces between the particles of water.
• The particles in water are not tightly packed, they are somewhat loose, having spaces between them.
• When we light the fragrance stick in a room, the smell of it reaches away too far. This shows that the particles of gases are constantly moving.
• There are some forces of attraction between the particle of matter which bind them together.
• The force of attraction between the particles of the same substance is known as cohesion.
• The force of attraction is maximum in the particles of solid matter and minimum in the particles of gaseous matter.

• The force of gravitation between two bodies in the universe does not depend on the sum of their masses.
• It depends on distance, gravitational constant, and the product of their masses.
• The strength of the gravitational force depends on distance and mass.
• Gravitational force is that which attracts any 2 objects with mass.

The correct answer is Building a Just World and a Sustainable Planet.
In NewsThe theme of the G20 Summit 2024 was "Building a Just World and a Sustainable Planet."Explanation

• The summit took place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, marking Brazil’s first time hosting the G20 event.
• The African Union was included as a member for the first time during the summit.
• The next summit will be hosted in Johannesburg, South Africa, in 2025.
• The summit addressed various global challenges including hunger and poverty through new initiatives.

Other Related Points

• African Union
  • The African Union is a continental union consisting of 55 member states located on the continent of Africa.
  • Its inclusion in the G20 reflects the growing recognition of Africa's role in global economic and political affairs.
• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
  • SDGs are a collection of 17 global goals set by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015, aiming to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all.
  • SDG 1 focuses on eradicating poverty, while SDG 2 addresses hunger and promotes sustainable agriculture.
• Global Hunger Crisis
  • As per the FAO report, the number of people facing hunger globally rose by 122 million in 2022, exacerbating the need for immediate action in global food security.

Important Points

• G20 or Group of Twenty is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 countries Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, United Kingdom and the United States and the European Union + African Union.
• The G20 was founded in 1999 after the Asian financial crisis as a forum for Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors to discuss global economic and financial issues.
• The G20 Summit is held annually, under the leadership of a rotating Presidency.
• The theme of India’s G20 Presidency in 2023 was - “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” or “One Earth · One Family · One Future” - is drawn from the ancient Sanskrit text of the Maha Upanishad.

Given:

Calculation:

()2 = + 2

⇒ ()2 = 7 + 2

⇒ ()2 = 9

⇒ = 3

Now ()3 = x3 + + 3()

⇒ 33 = x3 + + 3 × 3

⇒ x3 + = 27 - 9 = 18

Developmental tasks refer to the skills, behaviors, and abilities that individuals are expected to achieve or master at various stages of life in order to function effectively within their society.

• The environment plays a crucial role in promoting development tasks in childhood.
• This includes both the physical and social environment, such as the home, school, community, and the relationships that children experience in these settings.
• A supportive and stimulating environment encourages cognitive, emotional, and social development, providing children with the necessary resources and interactions for growth.

Thus, it is concluded that The essential factors to promote development tasks in childhood come under environment.

A learning space in school refers to a well-organized classroom environment that promotes student engagement, collaboration, and learning
Key aspects include:

• Physical Setup: Organized and flexible classroom layout to facilitate interaction and engagement.
• Non-Threatening Environment: A safe, inclusive, and supportive atmosphere where students feel encouraged to participate and express themselves without fear.
• Emotional Comfort: Fostering a positive teacher-student relationship and mutual respect.
• Learning Resources: Availability of materials, including ICT tools, but their presence alone doesn't define the space.

Thus, it is concluded that Learning space in school means well set classroom with non-threatning environment.

The correct option is Energy.
An ecological pyramid is a pictorial representation of the relationship between different organisms in an ecosystem.
Pyramid of numbers:

• It depicts the numbers of individual organisms at different trophic levels of the food chain.
• It is helpful to calculate the changes observed in the number of organisms in each trophic level.
• We can identify which level is in the endangered zone and need to be saved. But its limitation is we cannot count a number of all organisms accurately.

Pyramid of Biomass:

• Biomass is the dry weight of the organism.
• Pyramid of biomass indicates a decrease of biomass in each tropical level from base to apex.
• With higher tropical level biomass decreases for ecosystem on land and its inverse for an aquatic ecosystem where biomass increases with higher trophic level.

Pyramid of Energy:
An energy pyramid shows how much energy is needed as it flows upwards to support the next trophic level. Here the pyramid is always upward.

Hence, Pyramid of energy is the correct option.

Development refers to an increase in structure for better and enhanced functioning of organs. It is a product of the interaction of hereditary and environment.

• The major domains of development such as physical, cognitive, social-emotional and language are developed in an integrated and holistic process.

Important Points

Let's Understand in Brief:

Explanation

These Domains of Development are Interconnected as:

• a child's ability to speak two or more languages fluently is related to his/her cognitive skills.

• a child's ability to learn new things is related to his/her ability to interact with others or society.

• a child's physical inability (hearing loss) is related to his/her inability of participating in the classroom.

Hence it could be concluded that the domains of development are developed in an integrated and holistic process.

A curriculum is a structured set of educational experiences designed to guide teaching and learning within a particular context, such as a school or educational institution.

• A well-designed curriculum outlines the goals and learning outcomes that students are expected to achieve over a given period, typically aligned with national or state education standards.
• It provides a structured framework for teachers to plan lessons and assessments that guide students toward these objectives, ensuring that learning is both systematic and effective.

Thus, it is concluded that the purpose of a curriculum in school is to achieve instructional objectives.

Concept
Assessment for learning: Assessment for learning is the process of looking for and interpreting evidence for use by learners and their teachers to decide where the learners are in their learning, where they need to go and how best to get their. This is known as formative assessment.
Assessment of learning: Assessment of learning occurs when teachers use evidence of students learning to make judgement on student achievements against goals and standards this is also known as summative assessment.

Explanation
As we know that, assessment for learning is the process of looking for and interpreting evidence for use by learners and their teachers to decide where the learners are in their learning, where they need to go and how best to get their. This is known as formative assessment.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Bihar.

Explanation

• The Viraat Ramayan Mandir is being constructed in East Champaran district of Bihar.
• Once completed, it will be three times bigger than the Ram Mandir in Ayodhya.
• The temple will be built at a cost of ₹500 crore and will feature the world's largest shivling.
• The architecture of the temple is inspired by the Angkor Wat in Cambodia, the Ramanathaswamy temple in Rameswaram, and the Meenakshi Sundareswarar temple in Madurai.

Other Related Points

• Uttar Pradesh: Known for the Ram Mandir in Ayodhya but not related to the Viraat Ramayan Mandir.
• Tamil Nadu: Houses the Ramanathaswamy temple in Rameswaram but not related to the Viraat Ramayan Mandir.
• Madhya Pradesh: Not mentioned in the context of the Viraat Ramayan Mandir construction.

The correct answer is protozoa.

• Malaria and Kala Azar are caused by protozoa.
• Protozoa is a group of unicellular eukaryotic organisms.

Important Points

• The protozoa causing malaria is Plasmodium.
  • Malaria disease is transmitted through the bite of an infected female anopheles mosquito.
  • This will leads to the destruction of Red blood cells and hence the deficiency of blood occurs.
  • The treatment of malaria id done by using medicines like chloroquine, quinine,peludrine etc.
• The protozoa causing Kala Azar is Leishmania donovani.
  • Kala Azar disease is transmitted through the bite of an infected sandfly.

Other Related Points

Let's count the number of triangles in the figure,

There are 21 triangles in the given Figure.
Hence, the correct answer is "21".
Explanation
In this type of question, we can solve the problem by counting the triangles and then adding them like given below:

The total number of triangles = 6 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 21

The logic followed here is:
L + 2 = N,
N + 2 = P,
P + 2 = R,
R + 2 = T,
T + 2 = V,
V + 2 = X.
So, 'U' will replace the question mark in the given series.
Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Emotional support is the primary need during adolescence as it lays the foundation for their mental well-being and self-confidence.
During the adolescent stage, boys and girls undergo significant physical, emotional, and social changes. They often face challenges such as identity formation, peer pressure, and emotional instability. In this phase, schools play a critical role in providing emotional support by:

• Creating a safe and inclusive environment.
• Offering counseling services to address their emotional needs.
• Encouraging supportive teacher-student relationships to help them navigate this critical developmental period.

Thus, it is concluded that the boys and girls expect emotional support from school in the adolescent stage.

Development describes the growth of humans throughout their lifespan, from conception to death. It refers to development as patterns of change over time. It does not just involve the biological and physical aspects of growth, but also the cognitive and social aspects related to the development.

• Development is Multidimensional: The term "multidimensionality" refers to the notion that development cannot be explained by a single criterion, such as changes in behavior.
• It occurs in the biological, cognitive, and social-emotional domains.

Socialization: It refers to the process which transforms a quite helpless human infant into a self-aware, knowledgeable person who is skilled in the ways of their society’s culture. Socialization is a Life-Long process that continues throughout life from birth to adulthood.

Important Points

• A school is a secondary social institution because it meets the derived needs of the children.
• the school teachers are the secondary socializing agents.
• the process of imbibing norms, values, and behavioral patterns of school may be called secondary socialization.
• Generally, secondary socialization starts from the later stage of childhood and goes up to maturity.

Explanation

Agents of socialization are as follow:

Primary Agents of Socialization- They are family members and relatives as they are the ones whom children interact with since birth. Family is the primary socializing agency.

Secondary Agents of Socialization- These are a school, neighborhood, media, government, peer group, laws of society, etc.

Hence, we can conclude that school is a secondary agency of the socialization of children.

Experiential Learning Approach-

• This learning approach is also known as learning through actions, learning through experiences and learning through reflection on doing.
• This approach is based on constructivism. In this approach, the teacher plays the role of a facilitator and guide. Learners learn through their own experiences by doing, reflecting and applying. They themselves evaluate their progress.
• Experiential learning approach directly engages the learners in such activities where they learn by doing.
• These activities develop a clear understanding of the concept. According to Kolb’s experiential learning theory, learning through experience is a cyclic process which involves four steps: Concrete experience, Reflective observation, Abstract conceptualization and Active experimentation.
• Advantages:
  • In the construction of knowledge, learner utilizes his/her experiences.
  • Learners construct knowledge on their own.
  • It enhances concept formation/ retention.
  • It is easy to transfer knowledge and skills through this approach.

Thus from above-mentioned points, it is clear that the Experiential learning approach is also called learning through doing.

Xylem and Phloem are Complex Permanent Tissue while the other three are simple permanent tissues.

From the given information:
Step 1: Only two people sit to the left F. D has only 1 person to the right.

We place D such that there is 1 spot to is right & we place F such that there are 2 spaces to its left.
Step 2: C has only one neighbour to the left. E sits third to the right of C.

Now we place C such that there is only 1 neighbor to its left then we place E third to the right of C.
Step 3: G has no neighbours to the right.

G is placed at extreme right because that is the only spot where no neighbors on right is possible.
Step 4: B is not the immediate neighbour of F. A has two immediate neighbours.

We place B at extreme left as it cannot be placed with F and then we place A at the only spot left.
From the arrangement we can see that A sits to the immediate right of F.
Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

In each figure the arrow is on one of the sides of the polygon whereas in figure C arrow is on one of the corners of the polygon.

Hence, figure C is the odd one among the given figures.

The correct answer is adrenaline.

• Blood pressure may be referred to as the pressure exerted by the blood on the arteries and veins.
• Adrenaline hormone is administered to a person suffering from a marked fall in blood pressure.
• It is an emergency hormone secreted by adrenal medulla.

Explanation

• The adrenal medullary hormones, namely adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine), have the same effect as the sympathetic stimulation.
• Adrenaline increases the rate of heart beat and promotes cardiac output, thus increasing blood pressure.
• It also increases the strength of heart contraction, rate of respiration, and metabolic rate.

Hence, the correct option is (2) Adrenaline.
Other Related Points

• Insulin-
  • It is a peptide hormone secreted by β-cells of the Islets of Langerhans of pancreas.
  • Insulin plays significant role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis.
• Thyroxine-
  • Thyroxine (T₄) is secreted by the thyroid gland.
  • It regulates basal metabolic rate, controls metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
• Vasopressin-
  • It is synthesized by hypothalamus and released by posterior pituitary or neurohypophysis.
  • It mainly acts at the kidney and stimulates reabsorption of water and electrolytes by DCT.
  • Vasopressin is also called as anti-diuretic hormone.

A teacher uses several methods and techniques in teaching various contents of social sciences. The choice of these methods and techniques depends on the nature of the contents to be taught to students. These methods and techniques may be teacher-centred, learner-centred, or group-centred. In teacher-centred methods, the teacher plays a pivotal role in comparison to learners in a transaction of learning experiences. In learner-centred methods, learners play a significant role in comparison to teachers in a transaction of learning experiences. Some of these are:

• Lecture
• Demonstration
• Questioning
• Project Work
• Field Work
• Discussion
• Debate
• Symposium
• Role-plays etc.

Explanation

These methods conceive learning as a social activity by providing children with lots of opportunities to learn in real-world settings. This pedagogical method refers to involve students in authentic practices through activity and social interactions. In this learning process where the teacher assists the learners through scaffolding to make them perform just beyond their current level.

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that given activities lay emphasize learning as a social activity.

Socialization is the continuous process through which an individual learns to imbibe the values and norms into his behaviour to live in a society. It begins from infancy and takes place throughout the lifetime.

• There are two types of socialization viz. Primary and Secondary.

Explanation

• Primary socialization is a process that occurs during the early years of life when a child acquires the norms, values, knowledge, gender identity and social skills from his family.
• It refers to the socialization of an infant in the primary or early years of its life.
• A child takes birth as a biological organism with animal needs, impulsive and knows nothing about social culture and behaviours.
• With time he grows and develops the behavioral patterns under the guidance of his mother or family.
• Family is the primary socializing agent for a child because it satisfies the basic needs of an individual since infancy.​

Additional Information

• Secondary socialization occurs when a child gains knowledge, real-time application of social skills, and values from socializing agents other than family.
• The secondary socializing agents are schools, peer groups, religious institutions like temples, churches, Mass media.

Hence, it can be concluded that primary socialization refers to the socialization of an infant in the primary or early years of its life.

The correct statement is 2) Family is the primary agency of socialization.
The family is the first and most important agent of socialization for young children. It is through the family that children learn about the world around them, including their culture, values, and beliefs. The family also provides children with their first social experiences, such as learning how to interact with others and how to follow rules.
School, peer group, and print media are also important agents of socialization, but they play a less significant role in the early years. School begins to have a greater impact on children's socialization as they get older, and peer group and print media become more important in adolescence.

Other Related Points
Here are some of the ways that the family socializes young children:

• Teaching children about the world around them. Parents and other family members teach children about their culture, values, and beliefs. They also teach children about the physical world, such as how to interact with objects and how to take care of themselves.
• Providing children with social experiences. The family provides children with their first social experiences. They teach children how to interact with others, how to follow rules, and how to resolve conflicts.
• Modeling appropriate behavior. Children learn a lot by watching the adults in their lives. When parents and other family members model appropriate behavior, children are more likely to adopt those behaviors themselves.

The family is the primary agent of socialization for young children. It is through the family that children learn about the world around them and how to interact with others. The family provides children with their first social experiences and models appropriate behavior.

Development, which is continuous change, is a phenomenon that is observed both in terms of quality and quantity.
The following are the characteristics of development:

• In quantity, we measure terms like height, weight. Measuring quantitively is called growth which is a subset of development.
• When measured qualitatively as well, that is, in terms of skills, it becomes development and quality is attained when a person is both motivated and experienced.

Important Points
Although growth and development go hand in hand, certain important differences make them apart.

Hint

• Equilibrium refers to the condition in which the knowledge stored in a schema is balanced with old knowledge.
• Maturation refers to the concept that a child learns something when he reaches a particular age.

Hence, we conclude that when an individual’s capacities processed quantitatively is called growth.

Development and growth are a wide, complex, and continuous process, thus there are some principles that need to be followed for a better understanding of the concept.

Development refers to the biological and psychological changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy. Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by the genetic and environmental factors during prenatal life and these are part of the study of child development.

• Maturation: Developmental change may occur as a result of genetically-controlled processes known as maturation. It is referred to as biological development.
• Role of maturation and learning in development: Maturation and learning play a significant role in development. Maturation is unfolding an individual’s inherent traits. Maturation provides the raw material for learning. Generally, development is influenced by the interaction of both.

Other Related Points

• Learning is a comprehensive process that results in a change in behavior, knowledge, and skills. It emphasizes goal orientation which helps to improve performance skills to achieve the goal.
• Learning is a development that occurs from experience and efforts on the individual’s part.

Hence, we conclude that Maturation refers to the biological development of an individual.

• Connecting teaching contents to the lives of learners is a foundational principle in ECCE that fosters meaningful learning experiences and supports the development of a strong educational foundation for young children.
• In ECCE, making learning relevant to the lives of young children is crucial.
• When teachers connect teaching contents to the daily experiences, interests, and backgrounds of learners, it enhances engagement and understanding.
• It helps children see the relevance of what they are learning to their own lives.

Thus, option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is ASEAN.

• UNESCO’s Headquarters are located in Paris, France.
• United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN).
• It seeks to build peace through international cooperation in Education, the Sciences, and Culture.
• It has 193 Members and 11 Associate Members (As of Jan 2022).
• Three UNESCO member states are not UN members: Cook Islands, Niue, and Palestine.
• UNESCO was founded on 16 November 1945.
• The first session of the General Conference of UNESCO was held in Paris in November-December of 1946.

Important Points
Few important bodies and their headquarters:

Other Related Points

• In 1967, five countries signed the “Bangkok Declaration” to form the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, later another 5 joined.
• List of 10 ASEAN nations

1. Indonesia
2. Malaysia
3. Philippines
4. Singapore
5. Thailand
6. Brunei
7. Cambodia
8. Laos
9. Vietnam
10. Myanmar

• The ASEAN fundamental principles, as contained in the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia (TAC) of 1976.
  • Mutual respect for the independence, sovereignty, equality, territorial integrity, and national identity of all nations.
  • India had signed a TAC treaty with ASEAN in 2003.