RRB PRT Teacher Mock Test- 2 - RRB NTPC/ASM/CA/TA MCQ

The correct answer is India and Singapore.

• The 12^th Edition of Exercise Agni Warrior, a bilateral exercise between the Singapore & Indian Army, which commenced on 13 November 2022 concluded at Field Firing Ranges, Devlali (Maharashtra) on 30 November 2022.
  • Exercise Agni Warrior, involved showcasing joint firepower planning, execution, and use of New Generation Equipment by the Artillery arm of both armies.
  • Exercise also included participation by both sides in a joint computer war game as part of the joint planning process.
  • Both sides utilized niche technology and Artillery Observation Simulators as part of the joint training phase.
  • Indigenously manufactured Artillery guns and howitzers also participated during the final phase of the exercise.

The logic followed here is:
Option 1) HS → H and S is the opposite letters.
Option 2) CX → C and X is the opposite letters.
Option 3) MN → M and N is the opposite letters.
Option 4) JP → J and P is not the opposite letters, J + 6 = P.
Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Learners with Special Educational Needs (SEN): In India, a learner with SEN is defined variously in different documents.

• For example, a child with SEN in a District Primary Education Programme (DPEP) document is defined as a child with disability namely visual, hearing, locomotor, and intellectual.
• Inclusion is an umbrella term that refers to include each and every category of children, regardless of their differences and disabilities.
• Each child comes with their own characteristics, strengths and limitations, so sensitization regarding their individual needs is needed to make inclusion successful.

Explanation

These are the key ingredients needed for successful inclusion:

• Sensitization

• Teacher collaboration

• Effective parental involvement

• Collaborative teaching models

• Skilled and sensitized teaching

• Use of multilingualism as a resource
• Use of specific pedagogical strategies

• Well constructed plan to achieve the goal of each student, etc.

Hence, we can say that inclusion means the process of educating children with SEN alongside their peers in mainstream schools.

The logic followed here is :-

• PAINTING : KZRMGHMF

Similarly,

• CATEGORY :

​

Hence, the correct answer is "XZGDTNIX".

Assessment in education refers to the systematic process of gathering and interpreting information about student learning.

Explanation

• The approach described in the scenario—praising before telling about errors and suggesting corrective measures—aligns with Assessment for Learning (AfL).
• In this type of assessment, feedback is provided not only to evaluate students' performance but also to support and guide their learning process.
• The teacher's feedback helps students identify areas for improvement and gives them strategies for addressing errors, fostering a growth mindset.

Thus, it is concluded that Assessment for learning is the correct answer.

Hint

• ​Assessment as learning: This approach involves students actively reflecting on and monitoring their own learning. It is about students taking responsibility for their learning, not primarily about the teacher providing corrective feedback.
• Assessment of learning: This type of assessment focuses on evaluating and judging the final outcomes or achievements of students, typically at the end of a learning period, without focusing on how the feedback will help improve future learning.
• Summative assessment: This refers to assessments that evaluate students' performance at the end of an instructional period, such as final exams or tests, with the goal of summarizing what has been learned rather than providing feedback for improvement.

A teacher-friendly classroom environment emphasizes the importance of positive relationships, effective communication, and a supportive atmosphere, ultimately enhancing the overall learning experience for children.

Explanation

• Positive Teacher-Student Relationships: A teacher-friendly environment fosters positive relationships, creating a sense of trust and support between teachers and students.
• Open Communication: Encourages open communication, where students feel comfortable expressing themselves and seeking help when needed.
• Encouragement and Positive Reinforcement: Teachers provide encouragement and positive reinforcement, motivating students to engage in learning activities and persevere through challenges.
• Safe and Inclusive Atmosphere: Creates a safe and inclusive atmosphere where students feel valued, respected, and accepted, promoting a sense of belonging.
• Engaging Instructional Strategies: Utilizes engaging and varied instructional strategies to cater to different learning styles, keeping students actively involved in the learning process.
• Appropriate Classroom Management: Implements fair and consistent classroom management practices, creating a positive and orderly learning environment.
• Promotion of Social-Emotional Development: Integrates activities that promote social-emotional development, helping students build interpersonal skills, resilience, and emotional intelligence.

Hence, the correct answer is Teacher-friendly Classroom.

The correct answer is 2028. In News

The Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM), approved by the Union Cabinet, marks a significant step in India's planetary exploration endeavors.

Explanation

• The mission is scheduled for launch in March 2028.
• The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) will lead the development and launch of the spacecraft, with the aim of studying Venus's atmosphere, surface, and subsurface conditions.
• The mission will help scientists gain insights into the evolutionary paths of both Venus and Earth, contributing valuable data to planetary science.
• With a budget of Rs. 1,236 crore, the mission will involve collaboration between ISRO, Indian industries, and academic institutions, offering opportunities for research and technology development.

The correct answer is Kerala.

• Kerala secured the first position in the State Food Safety Index (SFSI) for 2024.
• This marks the second consecutive year that Kerala has topped the index.
• The state previously ranked first in 2023, replacing Tamil Nadu.
• In 2024, the following states ranked after Kerala: Tamil Nadu, Jammu & Kashmir, Gujarat, and Nagaland.

Important Points

• The Food Safety Index evaluates states based on their food safety norms and implementation.
• Parameters evaluated include human resources, compliance, food testing facilities, and consumer empowerment.
• Kerala's success is attributed to the efforts of its food safety department and various training initiatives.

Learning is a comprehensive process that refers to a change in behavior, knowledge and skills as a result of practice and experience. There are many factors that affect learning.

Explanation

Factors Affecting Learning:

Environmental factors affecting learning:

• The phrase "social environment" describes how a classroom environment affects or encourages interactions between young children, instructors, and family members.
• A well-designed social environment fosters positive peer relationships, promotes pleasant interactions between adults and children, and allows adults to assist children in achieving their social objectives.

Personal factors affecting learning:

• Personal factors are the elements of one's personality that limit or enhance the ways that one learns and thinks.
• Personal factors that affect learning include Physical health, Age and maturation, Emotional conditions, Interest and motivation, Readiness and willingness, etc.

Social factors affecting learning:

• Regardless of the differences, most students learn best when they live in a culture that values not just education but understanding the material well.
• So students should be encouraged to question and test concepts when they are learning and not on cultural backgrounds.

Hence, it could be concluded that All of the above factors affect learning.

When we relate to new information to prior knowledge we learn. Learners actively construct their own knowledge by connecting new ideas to existing ideas on the basis of materials.

• It is all part of cognitive method where we use our 'mental schemas' to accommodate new knowledge to make meaningful experiences.

Explanation

• Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development also supports that it is the 'schemas' which are cognitive framework or concept that helps organize and interpret information.
  • We use schemas because they allow us to take shortcuts in interpreting the vast amount of information that is available in our environment.
• According to Piaget’s theory, the processes of assimilation, accommodation and equilibration are central to the development of cognition.
• Just as human beings adapt to environment, their thinking also adapts to the changes they experience. These changes lead to changes in the mental schemes.Two basic processes are involved in adaptation: assimilation and accommodation.
  • Assimilation takes place when people try to understand something new by fitting it into what we already know. For example: children know the animal with four legs known as a dog but after seeing a cat they will also call him a dog as he also has a tail and four legs. It is called Assimilation.
  • Accommodation occurs when a person must change existing schemes to respond to a new situation. For example: If the child will keep calling a cat a "dog" until someone corrects him and made him understand the difference between a cat and a dog. He will now have a different scheme for understanding cats. It is called Accommodation.
• ​NCF (2005) emphasizes on ‘constructivist, student-centred, learning-centred and experiential’ philosophies of education and learning. It encourages the children to be able to related their new experiences with the old ones.

Therefore, it can be concluded that according to cognitivism, learning is defined as a change in the learners' is called as schemas.

Competency-based teaching focuses on ensuring that students develop specific skills, knowledge, and competencies that are necessary for their learning and real-world application.

Explanation

• In this approach, the primary focus is on the learner's progress and the mastery of particular competencies at their own pace, rather than being bound by a set curriculum or teaching style.
• The approach prioritizes the learner's needs, abilities, and pace. Students are given the freedom to learn at their own pace, ensuring that they have mastered a competency before moving on to more advanced material.
• Teachers act as facilitators, providing support and guidance tailored to the individual needs of each student.

Thus, it is concluded that Competency based teaching basically is Learner-centric.

Hint

• Teacher-Centric: Competency-based teaching is not teacher-centric because it shifts the focus from the teacher's instruction to the learner's achievement and skills.
• Curriculum-Centric: While curriculum guides the competencies that need to be achieved, the approach is more focused on the learner's mastery of skills rather than strictly following a set curriculum.
• Activity-Centric: Although activities are part of competency-based teaching, the approach is more about ensuring that learners develop specific competencies, rather than just completing activities.

The school development plan is a statement of the educational philosophy of the school, its mission aims, and how it proposes to achieve them. The plan exhibits and highlights the main components that the school wants to improve and how those improvements are to be achieved.

Explanation

• Setting goals is the most intensive part of this step in the process, and it is also the most important. An achievable goal must be realistic, while remaining rigorous enough to move student achievement forward.
• Once goals have been established, teams must determine the action steps necessary to achieve the goals. This includes assigning responsibilities, identifying sources of evidence, determining funding, establishing a timeline for implementation, and planning professional development.
• There is no set number of action steps required, but teams should think about the span of the school year and the stages of development. When goals, action steps, and funding have been determined, annual school planning teams must share this information with all stakeholders.

Hence, it is clear that an achievable goal must be realistic is true in the context of setting goals.

Constructivism as a theory is based on the idea that meaningful learning takes place when learners actively construct their own knowledge.

ExplanationConstructivism as a theory emphasizes the role of the learner in constructing his own view of the word as in the constructivist frame, the learner is viewed as:

• imaginative on the basis of sources.
• little scientists and markers of meaning.
• problem solver and a scientific investigator.
• creator of knowledge through social interaction.
• builder of new knowledge by activating the previous one.

According to the Constructivist Theory:

• As a problem solver, the child learns by exploring, investigating, experimenting, and inquiring about the facts and information provided.
• As a scientific investigator, the child actively takes part in the learning activity and tends to be – reflective, analytical, creative, etc.

Hence, it could be concluded that Constructivism as a theory emphasizes the role of the learner in constructing his own view of the word.

The Correct Answer is 31 October.

• The National Unity Day (Rashtriya Ekta Diwas) is celebrated every year on 31st October to commemorate the birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, India's first Home Minister.
• He played an important role in persuading many princely states to join the Union of India.
• This day was first celebrated in 2014.
• This year (2022) will mark the 147th birth anniversary of Sardar Patel.

Other Related Points
About Sardar Patel:

• He was born on October 31, 1875, in Gujarat. The village is known as ‘Nadiad’
• He was called ‘Bismarck of India’ following his role in unifying the fragments of princely states into one unit.
• Patel was in charge of the Provincial Constitution Committee and the Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities, and Tribal and Excluded Areas, in the Constituent Assembly of India.
• He was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1991.

The word moral has been taken from the word mores which means manners and customs. Moral development is a sense of right and wrong. It includes moral behavior, moral reasoning, and judgment.

Explanation
Factors that influence moral development:

• ​Family
• Community
• Culture
• Neighbourhood
• Peers
• School
• Religious Institute
• Playmates
• Religion
• Obedience
• Selfishness
• Gender
• Age

Hence, we can conclude that family, peers, and culture are the factors that influence moral development

Guidance and counselling refer to helping each individual gain insight needed for understanding himself, understanding and adjusting to society and wisely choosing among educational and vocational opportunities.

• Guidance and counselling have the following aims to make the individual:

1. Self-understanding – understanding of his/her strengths, limitations and resources available
2. Self-accepting – accepting of those things which he/ she cannot change
3. Self-directing – his/ her ability to solve problems, and make choices and decisions on his/ her own.

Explanation

• Guidance is a one-sided, one-on-many, extroverted and open process and Counselling is a two-sided, one-on-one, introverted and confidential process.
• But both have similar characteristics:

1. Both help the student improve his/her behaviour, that is feedback.
2. Both involve some sort of information sharing or content analysis.
3. Both have the same goal of helping the client solve a problem or make a decision.

Hence, it can be concluded that the similarity between guidance and counselling is both stresses on feedback and content analysis.

Parental involvement is an all-encompassing and imprecise phrase that includes everything from the parents’ child-rearing practices at home to the parents’ participation in events held at school. Included in the “child-rearing practices” may be those aspects of parenting that have particular application to the child’s performance at school as well as more general practices of feeding, nurturing, and caring for children.

Explanation

The Parent Teacher Involvement will regularly review and revise the areas to ensure that they are dynamic and responsive to emerging demographic trends and research with other groups working on areas for school, reform initiatives. It is most useful for improving the quality of learning among students.

Areas for Parent-Teacher Involvement Programs are:

• Communicating: Communication between home and school is regular, two-way, and meaningful.
• Parenting: Parenting skills are promoted and supported.
• Student Learning: Parents play an integral role in assisting student learning.
• Volunteering: Parents are welcome in the school, and their support and assistance are sought.
• School Decision-Making and Advocacy: Parents are full partners in the decisions that affect children and families.
• Collaborating with Community: Community resources are used to strengthen schools, families, and student learning.

Thus, it is concluded that Parent Teacher Forums are most useful for improving the quality of learning among students.

A school curriculum is a complete set of organized experiences in the school. It includes aims, objectives, teaching content, teaching strategies, and all teaching-learning aids to cater totality of student's experiences that occur in the educational process.

• The curriculum is the outline of concepts to be taught to students to help them meet the content standards. The curriculum is what is taught in a given course or subject.
• A curriculum refers to an interactive system of instruction and learning with specific goals, contents, strategies, measurements, and resources.

Explanation

Definition of curriculum

• All the learning which is planned and guided by the teacher, whether it is carried on in groups or individuals inside or outside the school” Kerr (1960).
• “As a systematic organization of instructional content and related activities designed to provide students with a sequence of meaningful learning experiences” Davis (1962).
• “Curriculum is the sum total of student activities which the school sponsors for the purpose of achieving its objectives” Alberty and Alberty (1959).
• Curriculum refers “to the total structure of ideas and activities, developed by an educational institution to meet the needs of students and to achieve desired educational aims” Derek Rowntree (1981).
• A curriculum is all of the experiences that individual learners have in a program of education whose purpose is to achieve broad goals and related specific objectives, which is planned in terms of the framework of theory and research or past and present professional practice” Glen Hass (1987).

Hence, we can conclude that curriculum means all the experiences that students get in school.

Other Related Points

The sequential order of curriculum development:

• Assessment of needs.

• Formulation of objectives.

• Selection of texts/learning experiences.

• Evaluation of the curriculum.

The correct answer is Brazil..

Explanation

• Dinesh Bhatia, a 1992 Indian Foreign Service officer, has been appointed as India’s next Ambassador to Brazil.
• Before his appointment to Brazil, Bhatia served as the Ambassador of India to Argentina, with additional accreditation to Uruguay and Paraguay until February 2022.
• Bhatia has previously held various key diplomatic roles, including as Consul General of India in Toronto and Ambassador to Cote d’Ivoire, Guinea, and Liberia.
• Bhatia is a 1992 batch IFS officer, with extensive experience in various foreign assignments and roles within the Ministry of External Affairs, including in Madrid, Kathmandu, and Kuwait.

Other Related Points

• Dinesh Bhatia has a background in Electronics and Communication Engineering from Delhi College of Engineering and has worked in the private sector before joining the Indian Foreign Service.
• He is a Fellow of the Institution of Engineers and a member of the Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers.
• Bhatia has authored two books: 'Devi Purana—A Rendition of Srimad Devi Bhagavatam' and 'Physics for Civil Services Prelims'.
• He is married to Seema Bhatia, an Ayurvedic practitioner, psychologist, and hypnotherapist, and they have two children.

Important Points

• Brazil:
  • It is 5th largest country in the world by both area and population.
  • It is the largest country in South America and the Latin American region.
  • Official language: Portuguese.
  • Currency: Brazilian Real.
  • Capital: Brasília.

A cordial relationship between teachers and students is the foundation of an effective learning environment.

• Such a relationship is built on mutual respect, trust, and understanding.
• When teachers approach students with empathy, patience, and encouragement, students feel safe and supported, which boosts their confidence and willingness to participate actively in the learning process.
• A cordial relationship avoids excessive formality or emotional dependency, instead fostering a professional yet friendly rapport that motivates students to ask questions, express their thoughts, and seek guidance without fear of judgment.

Thus, it is concluded that among teachers and students cordial type of relationship enhances learning.

The correct answer is 2030.
In News

• Union Minister Piyush Goyal announced a target to achieve 10,000 GI tags by 2030.
• To oversee the expansion of GI tags, the government will form a special committee.
• Currently, India has 605 GI tags, and the number of authorized users has jumped from 365 to 29,000.

Explanation

• 10,000 GI tags by 2030: A major initiative to promote India’s unique products.
• Formation of a committee: To streamline the process of new GI registrations and ensure consistent growth.
• Collaboration with FSSAI and BIS: Intended to improve branding and tackle the issue of counterfeit products.
• Private sector involvement: E-commerce platforms and Indian embassies worldwide are being engaged to boost the global presence of GI products.

Additional Information

• Geographical Indication (GI) Tags
  • GI tags are used to denote products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation due to that origin.
  • Examples include Darjeeling Tea, Mysore Silk, and Banarasi Sarees, which are famous for their distinctive traits and heritage.
• Importance of GI Tags
  • They help protect and promote traditional products, boost local economies, and preserve cultural heritage.
  • GI-labeled products often command premium prices in domestic and international markets.

The meaning of inclusion emerged as a result of the social justice movement in the field of disability which emphasizes that schools should create an environment in which students with special needs are seen as valuable members of the social community such that they are seen as competent and as capable of making a positive contribution.

• This leads to the concept of exclusion which is based on the notion that schools should provide for the needs of all the children in their communities whatever may be the level of their ability or disability. In the context of education, the restructuring of schools along inclusive lines is a reflection of the social model in action.

Explanation

• Inclusion is a philosophy or concept that aims at fostering mutual respect among people and their different ways of life. The institution changes its philosophy, its curriculum, its structure to accommodate the different needs of the individuals.
• Inclusive schools or setups facilitate an environment where everyone works together creatively so that each student participates, learns and benefits.
• In the inclusive classroom, each student gets access to knowledge, skills and information, which improve available choices to all children and we do not necessarily limit ourselves to the knowledge domain, but rather include the affective domain, and the attitudinal domain as well.
• Each child finds his or her own niche in such a facilitative environment. Creating this niche is the challenge that frustrates most practitioners in the fine art of balancing the structure with elasticity in the conundrum that a typical classroom is. This is ideally also the central purpose of education and draws upon our constitutional ideals of equality, secularism and dignity for human rights.

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that inclusion aims at fostering mutual respect among people.

Learning disability refers to a neurological disorder that causes cognitive impairment. Dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, etc are the most common learning disability.
Learning disability:

• Learning disability is intrinsic and due to central nervous system dysfunction.
• It is a variable state which can be addressed by appropriate comprehensible input.
• It can't be attributed to cultural deprivation as it can present in children of any culture.
• It can't be attributed to educational deprivation as it can also present in children with average or above-average IQ.

Explanation
The characteristics of the learning disabled children are:

• Learning disabled children are normal in intellectual functioning.
• Learning disabled children face problem in a few area of learning, not in all.
• Learning disability mainly lies in their way of learning and in their perceptual systems.
• Learning disabled children show problems in sustaining attention, got easily distracted and have a poor fine-gross motor skills.
• Learning disabled children are often several years behind their peers in reading, fluency and spelling, letter, number, etc.

Hence, it is clear that children with learning disability struggle with some aspects of learning.

Important Point​
Some Disabilities in Brief:

Robert James Havighurst was a professor, physicist, educator, and aging expert. He proposed that all individuals progress through a series of developmental stages, each comprising a series of developmental tasks.

Explanation

Development Task:

• The term “developmental task” was introduced by Robert Havighurst in 1950.
• A developmental task is one that arises predictably and consistently at or about a certain period in the life of the individual.
• He believed that learning is basic to life and that people continue to learn throughout life. According to him, a developmental task is a task which an individual has to and wants to solve in a particular life period.
• For example, a father is supposed to run the family and a child to study and go to school. Such social expectations of a particular age common to all persons are known as ‘developmental tasks'.

Thus, it is concluded that the concept of Development Task was proposed by Havighurst.

Hint

• Leta Stetter Hollingworth was an early pioneer in psychology who is best known for her contributions to the study of intelligence testing and giftedness.
• Jean Piaget was a swiss psychologist who is known for his work in child development. He proposed the Theory of Cognitive Development' under the cognitive constructivist approach.
• G. Stanely hall was a well-renowned American psychologist who developed Adolescent psychology.

A learning disability is a neurological condition that affects an individual's ability to acquire, process, or retain information efficiently. People with learning disabilities often struggle with specific areas of learning despite having normal or above-average intelligence.

Explanation

• Autism, or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is not typically classified as a learning disability but rather a developmental disorder.
• It affects communication, social interaction, and behavior.
• However, individuals with autism may also have learning disabilities or challenges in specific areas of learning due to difficulties in processing information.

Important Points

• ​Dysgraphia is a learning disability that affects writing skills, including handwriting, spelling, and organizing thoughts on paper.
• Dyscalculia is a learning disability that affects a person's ability to understand and work with numbers. It can involve difficulties with basic arithmetic, understanding number concepts, or learning math facts and procedures.
• Dyslexia is a learning disability that primarily affects reading and related language-based skills. It can involve challenges in recognizing words, decoding, spelling, and understanding written text.

Thus, it is concluded that Autism is not a learning disability.

Growth and development are the base of human life. Growth is a part of the developmental process as development in its quantitative aspect is termed as growth. All growth is development but not vice-versa.

• Growth refers to a quantitative change that results in an increase in height, weight, and length of the child.
• Development refers to a qualitative change that results in an increase in structure for better and enhanced functioning of organs.

Important Points

Although growth and development go hand in hand, certain important differences make them apart.

Hence, from the above points, it becomes clear that the statement 'Growth is life long process' is not true about growth.

Cook & Cook (1950) define community, ‘‘as a configuration of the land, people, culture, a structured pattern of human relations within a geographical area.” Thus, a community is a group of people sharing common social, economic, and cultural interests, purposes, practices, codes, understandings, and commitments. The partnership between school and community can lead to effective management of academic and administrative activities of the school as well as growth and development of the society.

ExplanationBy interacting with the community, the students can develop an understanding and positive attitude towards community practices and the community too comes to know the school practices. Programs of the school can be related to the life and the work of the people among whom it exists and functions. This results in transmission, preservation, assimilation, and enrichment of culture. Social consciousness, socialized living, and social affairs can promote the use of community both as a laboratory and as an educational resource.

School-community relationships can be utilized to:

• Expose the student to actual work situations in the community.
• Help students develop positive attitudes and values in their relationship with the community.
• Correlating and supplementing theoretical learning with real-life experiences.
• Enabling students to develop skills of observation, investigation, learning by doing, etc.
• Developing communication skills among students.
• Develop qualities of cooperation, self-help, helping others, adjustment, tolerance, democratic values, etc. among the students.

Hence, we can conclude that in the context of school and community partnership, the community and school partnership can be strengthened since the school is an agency of society.

Schools should take the leading role in addressing mental health issues within the school system.

Explanation

• Direct Impact: The school environment plays a significant role in shaping the mental health of both students and teachers. School leaders, such as principals and administrators, are directly involved in creating policies, providing resources, and fostering a supportive atmosphere.
• Early Intervention: Schools are in a unique position to identify early signs of mental health struggles in both students and staff. Through regular interactions and observations, teachers and school staff can notice changes in behavior or performance that may indicate mental health challenges.
• Access to Support Systems: Schools can provide access to counseling services, mental health education programs, and other resources that promote mental well-being. They can also collaborate with external organizations like NGOs or health professionals to provide support.
• Creating a Healthy Environment: Schools have the power to shape the culture and values within the institution. By promoting mental health awareness, reducing stigma, and prioritizing well-being, schools can ensure a safe and supportive space for everyone.

Thus, it is concluded that School is the correct answer.

Adolescents learn to think abstractly, how to think about interpersonal issues, how to recognize new information-processing techniques, and how to think critically and creatively.

Explanation Challenges related to Cognitive Development:-

• Adolescents are characterized by egocentrism or self-interest.
• The adolescents' transition from dealing with ideas, concepts, and abstract theories to thinking in more abstract terms.
• Adolescents who have the capacity for creative thought are better able to innovate and escape challenging circumstances.

​Thus, we conclude that society’s expectations pose a challenge for adolescents and are valuable in helping them to progress along the path to adulthood is NOT a challenge related to Cognitive Development in adolescents.

The correct answer is Statement 2 only​.

• The USA topped the medal tally at the 2024 Paris Olympics with 126 medals.
  • China obtained the second spot with 91 medals.
  • Japan obtained the third spot with 45 medals
    • ​Thus statement 1 is INCORRECT.
• US and China were both the highest in the Gold medal tally with each having 40 Golds.
  • ​​Thus statement 2 is CORRECT.​
• India finished 71st, a drop from their 48th position in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
  • ​​Thus statement 3 is INCORRECT.​

Important Points

Other Related Points

• USA: The USA has historically been a top performer in the Olympics, consistently leading the medal tally.
• China: China has emerged as a dominant force in recent Olympics, often securing a high number of medals.
• France: Hosting the Olympics provided France with a boost, leading them to secure a top-three finish.