RRB PRT Teacher Mock Test- 5 - RRB NTPC/ASM/CA/TA MCQ

The constructivist approach to learning emphasizes that learners actively construct their own understanding and knowledge through experiences, interactions, and reflection.
Explanation

• Learner's previous knowledge plays an important role in the construction of knowledge: Learners build new knowledge based on their existing knowledge and experiences, making prior knowledge a crucial factor in the learning process.
• Interactive activities help the construction of knowledge: Constructivism emphasizes the importance of interaction and collaboration in learning. Activities like discussions, problem-solving, and group work encourage active learning and knowledge construction.
• Learning is an active meaning-making process: In the constructivist view, learning is an active process where learners create meaning and understanding through engagement with the content and their environment.

Thus, it is concluded that A learner's strong memory power is the basis of construction of knowledge is not based on the constructivist approach.
Hint
The statement "A learner's strong memory power is the basis of construction of knowledge" is not aligned with constructivism. While memory is important, constructivism focuses more on active engagement, understanding, and problem-solving rather than just relying on memory.

A teaching method is a set of techniques logically coordinated to direct the student towards certain goals or objectives.
Key Points
Brain Storming:

• Brain Storming is a technique that involves generating s list of ideas in a creative and unstructured manner.
• The goal of Brainstorming is to generate as many ideas as possible in a short period of time.
• Brainstorming was founded by Alex F. Osborn as a brilliant counterattack on negative conference thinking.
• This method assumes that the whole group can give more ideas than a person.
• The purpose of brainstorming is to accumulate alternatives for any problem.

Other Related Points

• Discovery method: Discovery method is also known as the Heuristic method. The heuristic method is a method of teaching which involves our placing of children as for as possible in the attitude of discovery.
• Home assignment method: The home assignment method is a technique that comprises guided information, self-learning, writing skills, and report preparation among the learners.
• Project method: According to William Head Kilpatrick a project is a whole-hearted purposeful activity proceeding in a social environment.

Hence, we can conclude that Brainstorming assumes that the whole group can give more ideas than a person.

The syllabus is a vital document in education that outlines the content, structure, and goals of a course or subject. It serves as a roadmap for both teachers and students, providing a clear framework for learning.

Explanation

• The syllabus outlines what topics and concepts will be covered during the course, giving both the teacher and students a clear understanding of the scope of the subject.
• It provides direction for planning lessons, activities, and assessments.
• It ensures that teaching is focused and aligned with the learning outcomes and educational goals.
• The syllabus acts as a guideline for the structure of lessons and assessments, ensuring that students are guided toward mastering the required competencies.

Thus, it is concluded that syllabus is important in classroom because provides scope and direction in a particular subject to attain expected outcomes.

Hint

• Easy for Teachers and Students: While the syllabus can help in organizing and structuring lessons, its primary purpose is not just to make things easy, but to provide clarity on the content and expected outcomes.
• Administrative Requirements: While a syllabus may be required for administrative purposes, its primary importance lies in guiding the teaching-learning process, not fulfilling administrative mandates.
• To Execute Classroom Transactions Effectively: The syllabus does support effective teaching and learning, but its primary role is to provide direction and structure to the subject content, ensuring alignment with educational goals.

Mental growth is paramount for a child's overall development. It encompasses cognitive abilities such as thinking, reasoning, problem-solving, and language acquisition, all of which are fundamental for learning and navigating the world.

Explanation

• Mental development includes emotional intelligence, enabling children to understand and manage their emotions, build empathy, and foster healthy relationships.
• Strong mental growth fosters a child's well-being, contributing to their self-esteem, resilience, and ability to overcome challenges effectively.
• While other aspects like physical, social-emotional, and moral development are crucial, mental growth provides the essential foundation for a child to thrive in all areas of life.

Thus, it is concluded that Mental growth is one of the following factors essential for child's development.

The table is alphabets place value:

The pattern followed here is:

HIGHER is written as JIIHSF

Similarly,

Hence, 'CODING' is coded as "PDJEHO".

The correct answer is Article 72.

• Article 72 of the Indian Constitution gives the President the power of pardoning.

Explanation

• Pardon: means completely absolving the person of the crime and letting him go free.
• Under Article 72, the President of India can grant a pardon or reduce the sentence of a convicted person, particularly in cases involving capital punishment.
• There are five different types of pardoning that are mandated by law: Pardon, Commutation, Reprieve, Respite, and Remission.

Other Related Points

• Article 73: The extent of the executive power of the Union.
• Article 74: This article provides for a Council of Ministers which shall aid the President in the exercise of his functions.
• Article 76: Article 76 deals with the Attorney General of India.
• Article 77: Conduct of business of the Government of India.

Communities offer a rich and diverse learning environment where students can engage with real-world situations and interact with people from different backgrounds, cultures, and experiences.

Explanation

• A post office is an example of a community learning resource. It offers a tangible connection to real-world applications of various subjects.
• For instance, children can learn about mathematics by calculating postage, understanding weights and measurements, and handling money. Language arts skills are enhanced through writing addresses, reading maps, and comprehending directions. Social studies come alive as children explore community services, delve into the history of mail delivery, and utilize maps and addresses to understand geography.
• Furthermore, a visit to the post office provides a hands-on experience with the process of sending and receiving mail, making these concepts more concrete and engaging for young learners.

Thus, it is concluded that Post-Office could be an example of 'Community Learning Resource'.

The domains of development are the different areas of growth and change that occur in individuals throughout their lifespan. The major domains of development such as physical, cognitive, social, and emotional are developed in an integrated and holistic process.

Explanation

• Emotional development refers to the ability to experience, express, and regulate emotions.
• It encompasses the ways in which individuals learn to understand and manage their own emotions, as well as how they learn to understand and respond to the emotions of others.
• According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, emotional development occurs throughout a person's lifespan and is closely intertwined with their social and psychological development.
• Erikson believed that successful emotional development involves a balance between expressing and controlling emotions and establishing meaningful and fulfilling relationships.

Thus, it is concluded that emotional development occurs throughout a person's lifespan and is closely intertwined with their social and psychological development.

Other Related Points

• Moral development: This domain includes changes in an individual's sense of right and wrong and the development of moral reasoning and decision-making abilities.
• Language development: This domain includes the acquisition and use of language, including speaking, listening, reading, and writing.
• Physical development: This domain includes changes in body structure and function, such as growth in height and weight, changes in motor skills and coordination, and the development of the body's various systems.

• In this assessment, learners are asked to assess their performance on their own, they use various assessment techniques and strategies to assess themselves.
• This practice helps learners to identify their knowledge gaps, adopt appropriate learning strategies and use assessment as a tool for new learning.
• It encourages students to take responsibility for their own learning. It requires students to ask questions about their learning.
• It encourages peer assessment, self-assessment, and reflection.

​Hence In assessment, self-assessment is assessment as learning.

Growth refers to the process by which an organism undergoes an increase in size, mass, and volume.

Explanation

• Growth is primarily characterized by irreversible quantitative changes in the body, meaning the increase in size or number of cells, organs, or tissues is permanent and cannot be undone.
• For example, as a person grows taller or gains weight, these changes are typically irreversible once they occur.
• The quantitative aspect of growth involves measurable changes, such as height, weight, or the number of cells.
• Unlike reversible processes (such as changes in metabolic rate or muscle tone), growth is marked by a continuous and non-reversible change in the organism's physical characteristics.
• This is in contrast to other changes like development, which includes both quantitative and qualitative (functional) changes, and can be more flexible or reversible in some cases.

Thus, it is concluded that Growth' is defined as Irreversible Quantitative change in body.

Here, the alphabets and their positions are given below:

The logic follows here is as shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "ICWB".

Conceptual understanding refers to a deep comprehension of the underlying principles, relationships, and ideas within a particular subject or domain.

Explanation

• Dialogue involves interactive communication and discussion between the teacher and students, as well as among the students themselves.
• It encourages students to actively participate in the learning process, ask questions, express their ideas, and engage in critical thinking.
• Through dialogue, students have the opportunity to explore and deepen their understanding of concepts, connect new information with their prior knowledge, and make sense of the subject matter.

Thus, it is concluded that Dialogue is an important activity to enable conceptual understanding in children.

Given:
Ravi spends 70% of his income. His income increases by 25% and his expenditure also increases by 10%
Concept used:
Income - Expenses = Saving
Calculation:
Let the income be 100p
According to the question:
Ravi spends 70% of his income
Expenses = 70p
⇒ 100p - 70p = 30p
Savings = 30p
Income increases by 25%
⇒ 100p + 25p = 125p
Expenditure increases by 10%
⇒ 70p + 70p × 10/100 = 77p
Savings = 125p - 77p = 48
Saving Increase% = (48 - 30)/30 × 100
= 60%
The answer is 60%

The correct answer is Pollination.

Explanation

• Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male to the female part of a flower, enabling fertilization and seed production.
• Hence it is not an asexual form of reproduction.
• It is vital for the reproduction and survival of flowering plants, resulting in the formation of fruits and seeds.
• Pollination occurs through agents like wind, water, insects, birds, and animals, depending on the plant's specific mechanisms and pollinator attraction.
• Pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, birds, and mammals, inadvertently transfer pollen while visiting flowers, facilitating the pollination process.

Other Related Points

• Vegetative Propagation
  • Vegetative propagation is a method of plant reproduction in which new individuals are formed from vegetative parts such as stems, leaves, or roots, without the involvement of seeds.
  • It is an asexual mode of reproduction that allows plants to reproduce genetically identical offspring, maintaining the characteristics of the parent plant.
  • Vegetative propagation can occur naturally, such as through the growth of plant runners, rhizomes, or bulbs, or it can be artificially induced through techniques like cutting, grafting, or tissue culture.
  • This method of reproduction is commonly used in horticulture and agriculture to propagate desirable plant traits, maintain consistency in cultivated varieties, and rapidly multiply plants with desired characteristics.
• Spore formation
  • Spore formation is a method of reproduction used by certain organisms, including fungi, bacteria, algae, and some plants, to produce offspring.
  • Spores are tiny, specialized structures that contain genetic material and are capable of developing into new individuals under favourable conditions.
  • The process of spore formation typically involves the formation and release of spores from the parent organism, which can then disperse through various means such as wind, water, or animal transport.
  • Spore formation allows organisms to reproduce and spread in environments where other forms of reproduction, such as sexual reproduction or seed formation, may be challenging or less efficient.
• Budding
  • Budding is a form of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops as an outgrowth or bud from the parent organism.
  • The process of budding involves the formation of a small bulge or bud on the parent organism, which eventually grows and develops into a genetically identical individual.
  • As the bud grows, it receives nourishment and genetic material from the parent organism until it reaches a certain size or maturity and detaches, becoming an independent organism.
  • Budding is a common method of reproduction observed in various organisms, including yeast, hydra, some plants, and even certain animals, allowing for efficient and rapid population growth.

The correct answer is 'Arunachal Pradesh'.
Explanation

• The Dree festival is celebrated in the Ziro district of Arunachal Pradesh.
• It is an important agricultural festival of the Apatani tribe.
• This popular festival is celebrated on the 5th of July.
• Cucumber is distributed to the guests and participants in this three-day-long festival.

Important Points

Development can be defined as the continuous process of growth and maturation of an individual.

Explanation

• The process of development passes through various stages of development starting from infancy till adulthood. Each stage of development has specific characteristics associated with it.
• The stages are Infancy, Early childhood, Late Childhood, Adolescence, and Adulthood.
• Adolescence is a period of continuous physical and emotional development of the individual. It is a transit phase from childhood to adulthood.
• The adolescent age ranges from 12 to 19 years
• The characters of adolescents include:
  • Socialization increases
  • Individuals undergo large physical changes including sexual development
  • The child develops a personal identity.
  • Peer relationships are improved

The alphabet template is given below:-

The logic followed here is:-

• We put the place value of each letter.
• Given A → 1, V → 22, E → 5

​

Hence, "option 1" is the correct answer.

Guidance and Counselling:

1. Guidance and counselling are important for children, and schools have a huge role in bringing out the best in children.
2. Good conduct is coveted, but sometimes young minds need guidance to polish their personality.
3. Through counselling, children are given advice on how to manage and deal with emotional conflict and personal problems.
4. Proper counselling will help incorporate valuable lessons in their daily life.
5. Some sessions should involve career guidance, where the students are advised on the selection of courses and different career paths.
6. It's important to prepare them for life after school and what to expect in the different fields they might opt for.

Therefore, The most important purpose of 'guidance' of students is to make them capable of helping themselves.

NOTE: Guidance also enables students to understand their own shortcomings, change their faulty behaviour, and it also directs them about the right path.

Thinking is a mental process of using the mind to form ideas, make decisions, solve problems, or analyze information.

Explanation

• The "thinking" part of a child's development, which involves processes like reasoning, problem-solving, memory, and decision-making, falls under the cognitive domain.
• This domain encompasses all mental processes that help children understand and interact with the world around them.

Thus, it is concluded that The 'Thinking' part of child's development comes under Cognitive domain.

Hint

• Physical domain: Involves bodily growth, motor skills, and physical health.
• Emotional domain: Deals with feelings, emotional regulation, and self-awareness.
• Social domain: Involves interactions with others, building relationships, and social skills.

Physical Environment of the Classroom: A good classroom is like a home away from home for both the teacher and the students. It should thus be safe, secure, attractive, and functional, keeping in mind the grade, age appropriateness, the type of classroom activities the teacher and students will perform, etc. A classroom environment communicates a bit well about what the classroom is like. Explanation

• Physical conditions of the classroom: Refer to the infrastructural facilities and their proper maintenance.
  • The room is to be well-ventilated and sufficiently lighted with large doors and windows facilitating cross ventilation which would make the environment of the room comfortable and pleasant for children.
  • When slight damage to the floor and the walls is noticed, they need to be immediately repaired. The classroom needs to be extremely neat and clean. This not only ensures a healthy classroom environment but also develops a habit of personal hygiene from an early age. To maintain cleanliness in the classroom, you can play a vital role by involving students in regular cleaning of the classroom just before the start of the school activities and when school ends for the day.

Other Related Points

• Dysfunctional classroom environments are often chaotic. The teacher constantly struggles to maintain control.
• Adequate classroom environments exhibit a basic level of order, but the teacher still struggles to maintain it. Some learning takes place sometime in this situation.
• Orderly classroom environments fall into two further categories - restrictive and enabling:
  • Orderly, restrictive learning environments are "tight-ship" classrooms where the teacher maintains a high degree of structure, manages routines tightly, and uses very few instructional strategies.
  • Orderly, enabling learning environments are found in smoothly running classrooms that manifest a comparatively looser (but not loose) structure. In these classrooms, teachers use a wide range of routines and instructional strategies and the emphasis is on students making meaning of the content.

Hence, The "Physical Environment of the classroom" is the type of classroom environment more friendly and effective for a child's learning

Socialisation can be defined as the process whereby the helpless infant gradually becomes a self-aware, knowledgeable person, skilled in the ways of the culture into which s/he is born. Indeed without socialisation, an individual would not behave like a human being. Socialisation is a life-long process even though the most critical process happens in the early years, the stage of primary socialisation. Secondary socialisation as we saw extends over the entire life of a person.

Explanation

Characteristics of Socialization are-

• The child is socialised by several agencies and institutions in which s/he participates, viz. family, school, peer group, neighbourhood, occupational group and by social class/caste, region, and religion.
• Secondary socialization developed in early childhood (2-6 years) are- imitation, approval, sympathy, empathy, rivalry, attachment friendship, etc
• Social behaviours developed in later childhood (6-12 years) are- social approval, competition, responsibility etc
• Social behaviours developed in Adolescence (14-18 years) are- contradictory tendencies, new thinking new social groups etc.
• Adaptation and adjustment are the primary objectives of socialization.
• Socialisation is at the origin of our very individuality and freedom. In the course of socialisation, each of us develops a sense of self-identity and the capacity for independent thought and action.

Thus by all these references, we can conclude that Secondary socialisation maps the period in early childhood when the child begins to attend formal institutions such as the school.

Hint

• Infancy period: During this stage, adjusting to the new non-uterine environment becomes the major goal or focus in the life of the neonate. Adjusting to room temperature. Breathing independently, sucking and swallowing the milk, eliminating body, and waste are prime areas that the newborn needs to master.
• Early childhood period: The period from birth to six years is a time for rapid development. In this stage, the absence of experience and deprivation can be detrimental to growth. Care and stimulation are critical during early childhood or the first three years.
• Later childhood: During this stage children develop marked negativism and because of their desire for independence seldom obey their parents. The child begins going to school and learns the rudiments of knowledge essential for successful adult life. The peer group assumes great significance and children of this age 'crowd together, thus earning the name gang age'.
• Adolescence: Adolescence literally means 'to grow to maturity. It is an intermediary stage between childhood and adulthood characteristically possessing qualities of both stages, although not fully in either of them. The age range is from 12-19 years. It is the threshold to adulthood. There are rapid physical changes taking place including sexual maturity which is attained during adolescence.

Important Points Socialization can be classified into two broad groups:

• Primary socialization
• Secondary socialization.
• Primary socialization- Inculcation of norms and values within the family is called primary socialization. Here children want to know themselves and try to find their identity and learn the daily routine tasks of humans.
  • Example: Family.
• Secondary socialization- The process of imbibing norms, values, and behavior patterns of school may be called secondary socialization.
  • Example: Church, School, Media, books, magazines, etc.

The teacher is a pillar in the teaching-learning process. In the present context, a teacher is not merely a disseminator of knowledge, rather plays a variety of roles. The teacher has to play diverse roles like a planner, facilitator, co-creator of knowledge, leader in the classroom and outside the classroom, manager, counselor, and apart from that, a true human being. Explanation

Teacher act as Dynamic Leader: When the notion of ‘Leader’ is suffixed with the teacher, it is often viewed as Leadership in Teachers’ Association. In teaching-learning, it is not so a microscopic view. By definition, “leadership is the ability to lead a group, motivate to complete the given task, and share the responsibility and accountability of the task”. As a leader, the teacher must try to be dynamic to be positive in attitude and full of energy, and have new ideas. Also, a dynamic leader measures his and other's leadership abilities by their ability to empower others. It means a teacher has to perform various dynamic leadership roles, which could be classified in two ways:

• leadership in the classroom: When we talk about leadership in the classroom, it means a teacher has to lead the class either to complete a task or sometimes to develop and maintain positive and effective relationships among the class.
• leadership roles in school: Whereas when we think of teachers’ leadership roles in school, we generally count his/her role in various school committees, responsibilities to organize various events, co-curricular activities as well as professional development activities for fellow teachers. In this role, it is expected from a teacher that his/her professional aim should be in sync with the school’s vision and mission. Teachers should share various responsibilities in the school, or with the management for the success and betterment of the school.

Other Related Points

Following skills, which are common among teacher leaders are:

1. Trust Building: A teacher-leader always believes in having trust in others as well as develops an environment where people can trust him/her. For leading a group, one needs to develop a rapport among those with whom the task is to be performed. This is an essential skill for a leader without which sharing of responsibilities is not possible
2. Diagnosing Institutional Conditions: A good teacher-leader is also well aware of the institutional conditions. It includes the working environment, freedom of work, and willingness of management of the school/institution for experimentation. S/he diagnoses the situation before planning or suggesting for any event or activity as well as analyze the scope for his/her role.
3. Dealing with Processes: You must have observed that while organizing any activity Teacher in Diverse Role, the leader has to deal with certain processes. Sometimes, these may be internal like approval from the discipline group or management committee, or finance committee. Sometimes, there may be various processes involved with outside agencies or government bodies. A teacher-leader always identifies such processes and ready to deal with all such processes.
4. Work Management: Leadership involves the mobilization of various persons associated with you, which may be your learners or colleagues. A good teacher-leader always knows how to share work, how to motivate all for achieving a common target, and how to build a team.

From the above, we can conclude that as a leader, the teacher must try to be dynamic.

The correct answer is H2 + Br2 → 2HBr.
Key-points

• The balanced chemical reaction for the reaction between hydrogen and bromine to form hydrogen bromide can be represented as follows:
• H2 + Br2 → 2HBr.
• Explanation:
• The reaction you provided involves the combination of hydrogen gas (H₂) and bromine gas (Br₂) to produce hydrogen bromide gas (HBr).
• In the reaction, two molecules of hydrogen gas (H₂) react with one molecule of bromine gas (Br₂) to produce two molecules of hydrogen bromide gas (HBr).
• Let's break down the reaction step by step:
• Hydrogen gas (H₂): Hydrogen gas is a diatomic molecule, meaning it consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded together.
• Bromine gas (Br₂): Bromine gas is also a diatomic molecule, comprising two bromine atoms bonded together.
• Balanced Equation:
• To balance the equation, we need to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.
• In this case, we have two hydrogen atoms on the left side (2H) and two hydrogen atoms on the right side (2H), as well as two bromine atoms on the left side (Br₂) and two bromine atoms on the right side (2HBr).
• Thus, the equation is balanced.

Learning disability refers to the neurological disorder that causes cognitive impairment. Dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, etc are the example of learning disability.
Dyslexia has difficulty in Reading, Writing, and Spelling as dyslexia is the most common learning disability which makes learners:

• confuse with the same shapes and sounds of alphabet.
• unable to read, interpret, and understand letters and words.
• bewilder in identifying and relating speech sounds with letters and words.

Hence, it could be concluded that the term ‘Dyslexia’ is a form of learning disability
Other Related PointsOther Disabilities in Brief:

The correct answer is Rajendra Prasad.

• Rajendra Prasad was the longest-serving President of India (1950 to 1962).
• Rajendra Prasad was elected as the first President of India on 24th January 1950.
• He was credited with the title of Desh Ratna.
• He was one of the prominent leaders of the Indian independence movement and played a prominent role as the President of the Indian National Congress.
  • During his tenure, H.C. Mookherjee was the Vice-President.
• ​He was a lawyer by profession, and also an influential leader during the Indian freedom struggle.
• He served as the president of the Constituent Assembly that drafted the first constitution of the Republic of India, which lasted from 1948 to 1950.
• He also became the first Minister of Food and Agriculture in 1946 in the Interim National Government.

Other Related Points

Concept used:

Calculation:
325 + 276 ÷ [150 − {9 × 9 + (83 − 4 × 15)}]
⇒ 325 + 276 ÷ [150 − {9 × 9 + 23}]
⇒ 325 + 276 ÷ [150 − 104]
⇒ 325 + 276 ÷ 46
⇒ 325 + 6 = 331

The correct answer is Tons

Explanation

• Tons River is a major perennial Himalayan river that flows through the Garhwal division of Uttarakhand and touches Himachal Pradesh.
  • ​It is the largest tributary of the Yamuna River.
  • Having a length of 148 km.
  • The source of this river is Bandarpuch Mountain.
  • Tons River carries below Kalsi, near the town of Dehradun in Uttarakhand.

Other Related Points

• The Brahmaputra is the 9th largest and 15th longest river in the world.
• In Arunachal Pradesh, the river Bhramputra is known as Siang/Dihang.
• The river enters Arunachal Pradesh near Gelling where it is known as the Siang or Dihang.
• The total length of the Siang River is 294.5 km till its point of confluence with the Dibang and Lohit rivers.
• The Siang river meets two other major tributaries of Brahmaputra Dibang and Lohit at the place named Kobo. From this point, the river is known as the Brahmaputra till it enters Bangladesh.
• About Bhramputra River:

​

Let us first decode the given symbols and then draw a family tree.

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols :

A possible tree diagram will be :
Given: L $ Q = B # D @ E $ O

Clearly, E is the daughter- in- law of L .
Hence, the correct answer is "Daughter-in-law".

• The NEP 2020 highlights the importance of play-based and activity-based learning for young children in the early stages of education.
• It encourages a more holistic and developmentally appropriate approach to early childhood education, focusing on active and experiential learning through play and various engaging activities.
• This approach is seen as crucial for fostering creativity, critical thinking, and overall cognitive development in young learners, moving away from traditional rote memorization techniques.
• The NEP 2020 also emphasizes the significance of a flexible and multidisciplinary curriculum that takes into account the diverse needs and interests of children in their early years of education.

Thus, option 2 is the correct answer.

The relation is:

Lawyer : Judge → A Judge is a Lawyer. A Lawyer with good experience and knowledge is appointed as a Judge. Judge is a person who presides over the law.

Similarly,

Teacher : ? → A Principal is a teacher. A teacher with good experience and knowledge is appointed as a Principal. Principal is head administrator of the school.