What are the three states of matter based on their properties?

The three states of matter are solids, liquids, and gases.

Fill in the blank: Solids maintain a fixed shape unless subjected to forces such as ___, ___, or ___.

Compression, stretching, twisting, bending

True or False: Air is a liquid that expands to fill its container.

False. Air is a gas that expands to fill its container.

Riddle: I am colorless and odorless, yet I am essential for breathing. What am I?

Oxygen

Which equipment is commonly used to separate materials based on size in a mixture?

A sieve

Examples of liquids include ___, ___, and ___.

Water, milk, oil

What is the primary component of air?

Nitrogen, which makes up the majority of air, along with some oxygen.

Fill in the blank: Carbon dioxide is a colorless gas produced by mixing bicarbonate of soda with ___ and can extinguish a candle flame.

Vinegar

Riddle: I can be separated manually, but my separation can be made easier with a sieve. What am I?

A mixture

What distinct property does chlorine gas have compared to most gases?

Chlorine gas is yellow and has a noticeable smell.

What is the process called when a solid breaks into particles too small to see when mixed with a liquid?

Dissolving

Fill in the blank: Solids that do not dissolve in a liquid are called ___ and an example is sand.

Insoluble

True or False: A soluble solid in a liquid creates a mixture that is easy to separate.

False. A soluble solid in a liquid forms a mixture that is more difficult to separate.

What common household method is used to separate insoluble solids from liquids in a mixture?

Filtering

Riddle: I have tiny holes that let water pass, but I trap the larger things that don’t last. What am I?

A filter

Fill in the blank: Magnets are primarily used to separate mixtures containing ___ materials.

Magnetic

What happens to the appearance of a transparent liquid when a colored solid dissolves in it?

The liquid remains transparent but may change color.

Multiple Choice: Which of the following solids is soluble in water? A) Sand B) Sugar C) Iron D) Gravel

B) Sugar

Short Answer: Describe how a sieve differs from filter paper.

A sieve has larger holes compared to filter paper, which has very tiny holes.

True or False: Filtering can separate soluble solids from liquids.

False. Filtering is used to separate insoluble solids from liquids.

What is the process called that separates metals from ores by heating and melting them?

Smelting is the process that separates metals from ores by heating and melting.

Fill in the blank: Most plastics are derived from ___ found underground.

Oil

True or False: Natural gas is primarily used for transportation.

False. Natural gas is used for cooking, heating homes, and generating electricity.

Which ore is used to produce aluminum?

Bauxite is the ore used to produce aluminum.

Riddle: I am a mineral deposit that contains valuable metals, often found underground. What am I?

An ore