What are the two main types of electrochemical cells?

Galvanic (Voltaic) Cells and Electrolytic Cells

In a galvanic cell, oxidation occurs at the ___ and reduction occurs at the ___.

anode; cathode

What is the primary function of the cathode in an electrolytic cell?

To gain electrons and facilitate reduction

What is the role of Faraday's first law of electrolysis?

It states that the amount of substance deposited at an electrode is directly proportional to the charge passed through the solution.

Fill in the blank: In electrolysis, the anode is the ___ electrode where oxidation occurs.

Positive

True or False: The electromotive force (EMF) of a cell must be negative for the reaction to be feasible.

False; EMF must be positive for the reaction to be feasible.

What does the Nernst equation relate to in electrochemistry?

It relates Gibbs free energy to cell potential and allows for the calculation of cell potential under non-standard conditions.

Riddle: I am a device that makes non-spontaneous reactions happen. What am I?

An electrolytic cell

Describe the flow of electrons in a galvanic cell.

Electrons flow from the anode to the cathode through the external circuit.

What happens at the cathode during the electrolysis of water?

Hydrogen gas is produced as water molecules are reduced.

When molten NaCl is electrolyzed, what is formed at the cathode?

Sodium metal

What is the significance of the standard hydrogen electrode in electrochemistry?

It serves as a reference electrode to determine the electrode potentials of other half-cells.

Riddle: I am the process of breaking down compounds using electricity. What am I?

Electrolysis

In an electrolytic cell, the electrolyte provides a medium for ___ between electrodes.

The exchange of electrons

What does the term 'overpotential' refer to in electrolysis?

The extra voltage needed to drive a non-spontaneous reaction beyond the theoretical voltage.

How does temperature affect the cell potential in electrochemical reactions?

Temperature variations can influence the kinetic energy of the reactants and the overall Gibbs free energy, thus affecting cell potential.

What is the relationship between Gibbs free energy and spontaneity of a reaction?

A negative Gibbs free energy indicates a spontaneous reaction.

Riddle: I help to maintain charge neutrality in a galvanic cell. What am I?

A salt bridge

What occurs at the anode during the electrolysis of NaCl?

Chlorine gas is produced.

Short Answer: What is an electrochemical cell?

An electrochemical cell is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy or vice versa.

Fill in the blank: The cell reaction in a galvanic cell is of ___ kind.

Redox

What is the unit of electromotive force (EMF)?

Volt

How is the standard electromotive force (Eº) of a cell calculated?

Eºcell = Standard reduction potential of cathode - Standard reduction potential of anode.

True or False: Electrode potentials are assessed in relation to a standard reference electrode to determine the feasibility of reactions.

True

What defines the equivalent weight of a substance in electrolysis?

The equivalent weight is the mass of a substance that reacts with or produces one mole of hydrogen ions (H+).

Riddle: I am the unit charge that can liberate one gram equivalent of a substance at an electrode. What am I?

One Faraday