What is the outermost layer of the skin called?

Epidermis

Which type of cells are primarily responsible for producing melanin?

Melanocytes

True or False: The skin serves only as a protective barrier against pathogens.

False. The skin also functions in vitamin D production, immune response, and sensation.

Fill in the blank: The epidermis is thickest on the ______ and ______.

Palms; soles

Which layer of the epidermis is known for having strong intercellular connections called desmosomes?

Stratum Spinosum

Riddle: I am a skin cell that acts as a watchdog against invaders, processing antigens and activating T cells. What am I?

Langerhans cell

Eccrine sweat glands are primarily controlled by ______ signals.

Sympathetic cholinergic

Which type of keratin is associated with the basal layer of the epidermis?

K5 and K14

True or False: The stratum corneum is the layer where cells actively divide.

False. The stratum basale is where cell division occurs.

Fill in the blank: The primary protein in hemidesmosomes is called ______.

BP-1 (Bullous pemphigoid antigen 1)

What is the significance of filaggrin in the skin?

Filaggrin enhances the strength of the epidermis by helping keratin filaments intertwine.

Which disease is characterized by the premature keratinization of cells in the lower layers of the epidermis?

Dyskeratosis

Riddle: I’m a clear zone in the skin, located on palms and soles, where keratinocytes are degenerated. What am I?

Stratum Lucidum

What is the primary function of eccrine sweat glands?

To help in thermoregulation and secretion of potassium.

True or False: Apocrine sweat glands are found all over the body.

False. Apocrine sweat glands are primarily located in the axillae and areolae.

Fill in the blank: The epidermal-melanin unit describes the relationship where one melanocyte transfers melanin to ______ keratinocytes.

36

What is the role of Merkel cells in the skin?

They function as slow-adapting touch receptors.

Which type of collagen is primarily found in the lamina densa of the basement membrane zone?

Type IV collagen

Riddle: I’m the layer that serves as a protective barrier against microbes, retaining body fluids and environmental protection. What am I?

Stratum Corneum

What is the term for the process where keratinocytes lose their connections and become Tzanck cells?

Acantholysis

True or False: The dermis is composed only of connective tissue without any blood vessels.

False. The dermis contains blood vessels along with connective tissue.

Fill in the blank: The process of cell breakdown in keratinocytes due to genetic defects in keratin is called ______.

Cytolysis

What is the main component of the intercellular cement in the epidermis?

Ceramide

Which type of disease is characterized by excessive sweating?

Hyperhidrosis

Riddle: I’m a genetic skin disorder marked by abnormal skin growth and premature keratinization, often associated with corps ronds. What am I?

Darier's Disease

What type of melanin contributes to darker skin tones?

Eumelanin

True or False: The dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) does not play a role in immune responses.

False. The DEJ is critical for structural integrity and can be involved in immune responses.

Fill in the blank: The skin's barrier function is often compared to a brick-and-cement model, where keratinocytes represent the ______.

Bricks

What is the role of lamellar granules in the skin?

They produce intercellular cement to help maintain the skin barrier.

Which layer of the skin primarily contains connective tissue and features the dermal-epidermal junction? A) Epidermis B) Dermis C) Subcutaneous Fat D) Stratum Corneum

B) Dermis