What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

The cell membrane serves as a protective layer that regulates the entry and exit of substances, maintaining the internal environment of the cell.

Fill in the blank: The ___ is a rigid structure found in plant and fungal cells that provides support and shape.

Cell wall

True or False: The surface area of a cell increases at the same rate as its volume.

False. The volume increases faster than the surface area as the cell grows.

What organelle is primarily responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration?

Mitochondria

Fill in the blank: Ribosomes are responsible for ___ in the cell.

Protein synthesis

Riddle: I am a structure that helps cells breathe, with a double layer to increase my reach. What am I?

Mitochondria

What role do vacuoles play in plant cells?

Vacuoles store water, nutrients, and waste products, helping to maintain turgor pressure and support the plant.

Fill in the blank: The ___ is the control center of the cell, containing DNA.

Nucleus

True or False: Both plant and animal cells contain chloroplasts.

False. Only plant cells contain chloroplasts.

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Fill in the blank: The process of converting energy from food into ATP is known as ___.

Cellular respiration

What are cilia and what is their function in Vorticella?

Cilia are hair-like structures that create water currents to bring food towards the cell.

Riddle: I am a tiny sack that stores waste, in plant cells I’m large, in animal cells I’m a small space. What am I?

Vacuole

How does cell size impact the efficiency of nutrient transport?

Cell size limits nutrient transport.

• Volume increases faster than area.

• Limits membrane transport efficiency.

• Affects cell function and growth.

Fill in the blank: The ___ is a membrane-bound structure that transports substances within the cell.

Vesicle

What distinguishes the rough endoplasmic reticulum from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Rough ER has ribosomes for protein.

• Rough ER synthesizes proteins.

• Smooth ER synthesizes lipids.

• Smooth ER detoxifies harmful substances.

True or False: Animal cells typically have one large vacuole.

False. Animal cells have many small vacuoles.

What is the main difference in the structure of plant cells compared to animal cells?

Plant cells have unique structures.

• Contain a rigid cell wall.

• Have chloroplasts for photosynthesis.

• Usually possess one large vacuole.

Fill in the blank: The fluid inside the cell that contains salts and other molecules is called ___.

Cytoplasm

The protective layer surrounding all cells is known as the ___ membrane.

Cell