Statistics is the study of ___ information, called data.

Numerical

True or False: A sample can always perfectly represent a population.

False. A sample may not always accurately represent the population due to sampling errors.

The portion of the group that we study in statistics is known as the ___.

Sample

Fill in the blank: The most commonly used samples in statistics include simple random, stratified, and ___.

Clustered

True or False: Graphical displays of data can help identify patterns and trends before calculations.

True

Descriptive statistics are used to calculate quantities that describe our data, such as mean, median, and ___.

Mode

What is the primary goal of inferential statistics?

The primary goal of inferential statistics is to infer conclusions about a population based on a sample.

Fill in the blank: In hypothesis testing, a hypothesis is stated, and statistical tools are used to determine the likelihood of ___ the hypothesis.

Rejecting

Identify one application of statistics in scientific research.

Applications of statistics include psychology, medicine, economics, advertising, and demography.

Fill in the blank: The study of sampling methods is crucial because it affects the ___ of the data collected.

Accuracy

What role does mathematical probability play in statistics?

Mathematical probability provides a framework for understanding how likely events are to occur, which is essential for statistical analysis.

True or False: Statistics has its roots in mathematics, specifically in the field of algebra.

False. Statistics is built upon probability, which is a branch of mathematics.

In the context of statistical analysis, what is meant by the term 'population'?

The term 'population' refers to the entire group from which a sample is drawn and about which conclusions are to be made.