What is the primary difference between motion speed and velocity?

Motion speed refers to the rate of change of distance, while velocity is the rate of change of displacement, including direction.

Fill in the blank: A distance-time graph for an object with uniform speed is represented by a ___ line.

Straight

How does a distance-time graph indicate an object's acceleration?

A distance-time graph shows acceleration through a curved line; an upward slope indicates acceleration, while a downward slope indicates deceleration.

True or False: Acceleration due to gravity varies at different locations on Earth's surface.

False; acceleration due to gravity is constant throughout the surface of the Earth.

What shape does a velocity-time graph take for an object moving with uniform acceleration?

A straight line sloping upwards.

In a velocity-time graph, what does a curved line indicate?

A curved line indicates non-uniform acceleration, where the rate of change of velocity is not constant.

Fill in the blank: The force that keeps an object moving in a circular path is called ___ force.

Centripetal

What is inertia and how is it related to Newton's First Law of Motion?

Inertia resists motion changes.

• Objects stay at rest or in motion.

• Requires force for motion changes.

• Fundamental principle of mechanics.

Riddle: I resist motion and ensure you stay in place, without me, you'd fall or race. What am I?

Friction

Fill in the blank: The second law of motion states that the rate of change of ___ is directly proportional to the applied force.

Momentum

True or False: An object in uniform motion will change its direction without any external force.

False; an object in uniform motion will continue in the same direction unless acted upon by an external force.

What is impulse and how is it calculated?

Impulse is the change in momentum caused by a force applied over a time interval, calculated as Impulse = Force × Time.

Fill in the blank: According to Newton's Third Law, for every action, there is an equal and opposite ___ action.

Reaction

Explain how momentum is defined and provide its formula.

Momentum is defined as the product of an object's mass and its velocity, represented as p = mass × velocity.

Riddle: I am the force that keeps objects sliding slow, without me, they'd zoom, to and fro. What am I?

Friction

What happens to passengers in a bus when it suddenly stops, according to Newton's First Law?

Passengers continue moving forward due to inertia, as their bodies resist the change in motion.

Describe the characteristics of a distance-time graph for non-uniform speed.

Distance-time graph is curved.

• Indicates varying speeds.

• Curves represent acceleration.

• Downward curves show deceleration.

What is the significance of centripetal force in circular motion?

Centripetal force maintains circular motion.

• Keeps objects in circular paths.

• Directed towards the circle's center.

• Ensures constant speed in motion.

Fill in the blank: Inertia at rest refers to the inability of a body to change its state of ___ without an external force.

Rest

MotionSpeed refers to the rate of change of ___ while Velocity refers to the rate of change of ___.

Distance; displacement