Fill in the blank: The Bhakti movement primarily focused on ___ and ___ as a means to connect with the divine.

Personal devotion and love

Who were the Alvars and Nayanars, and what was their significance in the Bhakti movement?

The Alvars and Nayanars were saints in South India who emphasized personal devotion to God, significantly influencing the Bhakti movement.

What teaching method did Basavanna advocate for in the context of Virashaivism?

Basavanna used vachanas, short verse compositions, to convey his teachings on monotheism and social equality.

Fill in the blank: Guru Nanak's teachings emphasized the importance of a ___ and a ___ for spiritual growth.

Virtuous character and social responsibility

True or False: The Bhakti movement rejected the caste system and promoted inclusivity across all social backgrounds.

True

What was the primary goal of the Sufi movement as it developed in India?

To achieve a connection with God through prayer, meditation, and a simple lifestyle, while promoting equality among people.

Riddle: I am a saint who sang of Krishna's glory in simple rhythms, my verses are still cherished today. Who am I?

Mirabai

Identify the philosophical doctrine propagated by Adi Shankaracharya and explain its core concept.

Adi Shankaracharya propagated Advaita, which posits that the individual soul and the Supreme God are one, viewing the material world as an illusion.

Fill in the blank: The teachings of Kabir are compiled in a collection known as the ___.

Bijak

What role did the Anubhava Mantapa play in Basavanna's teachings?

The Anubhava Mantapa served as a discussion hall where individuals from all backgrounds could engage in dialogue about spiritual and worldly matters.