What were the underlying principles of apartheid in South Africa?

Apartheid was based on racial separation. It enforced segregation, promoted white supremacy, and restricted the rights of non-whites.

Fill in the blanks: The first democratic elections in South Africa were held on ___ and resulted in the ANC winning ___ percent of the vote.

27 April 1994; 62%

Explain the significance of the Sharpeville Massacre in the context of apartheid resistance.

The Sharpeville Massacre was pivotal in anti-apartheid resistance. Police violence galvanized protests, increased international condemnation, and shifted tactics towards armed struggle.

True or False: The Group Areas Act allowed people of all races to live in any area they chose.

False. The Group Areas Act segregated living areas by race, restricting where people could reside.

What role did Mahatma Gandhi play in South Africa during the early 20th century?

Gandhi fought against racial discrimination, mainly targeting injustices against Indians. He organized protests for Indian rights, promoted passive resistance methods, and later influenced global civil rights movements.

Riddle: I was established to create separate countries for black South Africans, but I left them with limited rights and opportunities. What am I?

Bantustans (homelands)

What was the main goal of the Defiance Campaign initiated in 1952?

The goal was to challenge apartheid laws through deliberate defiance, overwhelm the prison system, and force the government to repeal unjust laws.

Fill in the blank: The ANC's armed wing, established in response to the Sharpeville Massacre, is known as ___.

Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Describe the impact of the Soweto Uprisings on the anti-apartheid movement.

The Soweto Uprisings boosted resistance, increased black activism nationwide, exposed apartheid’s brutality, and attracted global support for the anti-apartheid struggle.

True or False: The National Party claimed that apartheid was a policy of 'equal development' for all races.

False. The National Party promoted apartheid as 'separate development,' arguing for racial separation rather than equality.