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Page 1 Fundamentals of Computer Networks Page 2 Fundamentals of Computer Networks Building Applications Network applications involve communication of two or more hosts Often, complex functions need to be realized Can think of application communication in an abstract way logical channel network cloud 2 Page 3 Fundamentals of Computer Networks Building Applications Network applications involve communication of two or more hosts Often, complex functions need to be realized Can think of application communication in an abstract way logical channel network cloud 2 Common Services Many applications may share common functionalities Can you think of examples? These functionalities need to be integrated on each application Or be abstracted in common services 3 Page 4 Fundamentals of Computer Networks Building Applications Network applications involve communication of two or more hosts Often, complex functions need to be realized Can think of application communication in an abstract way logical channel network cloud 2 Common Services Many applications may share common functionalities Can you think of examples? These functionalities need to be integrated on each application Or be abstracted in common services 3 E.g. FTP vs. Video-on-Demand Both follow the server-client model Establish a request/reply channel, and message stream channel (one reliable, other unreliable) Use smallest number of channel abstractions FTP utilizes request/reply Video-on-demand uses message stream channel Both use a host-to-host communication protocol 4 Page 5 Fundamentals of Computer Networks Building Applications Network applications involve communication of two or more hosts Often, complex functions need to be realized Can think of application communication in an abstract way logical channel network cloud 2 Common Services Many applications may share common functionalities Can you think of examples? These functionalities need to be integrated on each application Or be abstracted in common services 3 E.g. FTP vs. Video-on-Demand Both follow the server-client model Establish a request/reply channel, and message stream channel (one reliable, other unreliable) Use smallest number of channel abstractions FTP utilizes request/reply Video-on-demand uses message stream channel Both use a host-to-host communication protocol 4 A simple layering example RRP: Request/reply protocol MSP: Message streaming protocol HHP: Host-to-host protocol 5Read More
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FAQs on PPT: Fundamentals of Computer Networks - Computer Networks - Computer Science Engineering (CSE)
| 1. What is a computer network? |  |
Ans. A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices, such as computers, servers, routers, and switches, that are linked together to facilitate communication and data sharing. It allows for the transfer of information and resources between connected devices.
| 2. What are the advantages of using computer networks? | |
Ans. There are several advantages of using computer networks, including:
- Resource sharing: Networks allow for the sharing of devices, such as printers and scanners, as well as software and files, making it more efficient and cost-effective.
- Communication: Networks enable seamless communication between individuals and teams, facilitating collaboration and information exchange.
- Centralized management: Networks provide a centralized system for managing and monitoring resources, ensuring better control and security.
- Scalability: Networks can be easily expanded or modified to accommodate the growing needs of an organization.
- Cost savings: By sharing resources and streamlining processes, computer networks can lead to significant cost savings in terms of hardware, software, and maintenance.
| 3. What are the different types of computer networks? | |
Ans. There are various types of computer networks, including:
- Local Area Network (LAN): A LAN covers a small geographical area, such as an office or a building. It allows for the sharing of resources and enables communication between devices within the network.
- Wide Area Network (WAN): A WAN spans a larger geographical area, connecting multiple LANs or other networks together. It enables communication over long distances, often using public or private telecommunications infrastructure.
- Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): A MAN covers a larger area than a LAN but smaller than a WAN. It typically connects multiple LANs within a city or metropolitan area.
- Wireless Network: A wireless network uses radio waves or infrared signals to connect devices without the need for physical cables. It provides flexibility and mobility for users.
- Virtual Private Network (VPN): A VPN extends a private network across a public network, such as the internet, providing secure remote access and data encryption.
| 4. What is the purpose of network protocols? | |
Ans. Network protocols are a set of rules and guidelines that govern the communication and data exchange between devices in a network. They ensure that data is transmitted accurately, efficiently, and securely. Some common network protocols include TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), FTP (File Transfer Protocol), and DNS (Domain Name System). These protocols define how data is formatted, transmitted, addressed, and received, enabling devices from different manufacturers and operating systems to communicate effectively.
| 5. How does a router work in a computer network? | |
Ans. A router is a networking device that connects multiple networks together, allowing for the transfer of data between them. It operates at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model and uses routing tables to determine the best path for data packets to reach their destination. When a data packet arrives at a router, it examines the destination IP address and consults its routing table to determine the next hop or the next router that the packet needs to be forwarded to. Routers use various routing protocols, such as RIP (Routing Information Protocol) or OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), to exchange routing information and update their routing tables. By efficiently forwarding data packets, routers ensure that information flows smoothly across a computer network.
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