NCERT Textbook: अहमदनगर का किला - भारत की खोज | Hindi Class 8 PDF Download

 Page 1


vgenuxj dk fdyk
vgenuxj dk fdyk] 13 viSzy 1944
;g esjh ukSoha tsy;k=kk FkhA gesa ;gk¡ vk, chl eghus ls Hkh vfèkd le;
gks pqdk FkkA tc ge ;gk¡ igq¡ps rks v¡f/;kjs vkdk'k esa f>yfeykrs nwt
osQ pk¡n us gekjk Lokxr fd;kA 'kqDy&i{k 'kq: gks pqdk FkkA rc ls gj
ckj tc u;k pk¡n mxrk gS rks tSls eq>s ;kn fnyk tkrk gS fd esjs dkjkokl
dk ,d eghuk vkSj chr x;kA pk¡n esjs canh thou dk LFkk;h lgpj jgk
gSA ogh eq>s bl ckr dh ;kn fnykrk gS fd v¡/sjs osQ ckn mtkyk gksrk gSA
lu~ 1953 esa tokgjyky usg: us vgenuxj fdys dh iqu% ;k=kk dh
Reprint 2024-25
Page 2


vgenuxj dk fdyk
vgenuxj dk fdyk] 13 viSzy 1944
;g esjh ukSoha tsy;k=kk FkhA gesa ;gk¡ vk, chl eghus ls Hkh vfèkd le;
gks pqdk FkkA tc ge ;gk¡ igq¡ps rks v¡f/;kjs vkdk'k esa f>yfeykrs nwt
osQ pk¡n us gekjk Lokxr fd;kA 'kqDy&i{k 'kq: gks pqdk FkkA rc ls gj
ckj tc u;k pk¡n mxrk gS rks tSls eq>s ;kn fnyk tkrk gS fd esjs dkjkokl
dk ,d eghuk vkSj chr x;kA pk¡n esjs canh thou dk LFkk;h lgpj jgk
gSA ogh eq>s bl ckr dh ;kn fnykrk gS fd v¡/sjs osQ ckn mtkyk gksrk gSA
lu~ 1953 esa tokgjyky usg: us vgenuxj fdys dh iqu% ;k=kk dh
Reprint 2024-25
Hkkjr dh [kkst
2
vrhr dk Hkkj
nwljh tsyksa dh rjg] ;gk¡ vgenuxj osQ fdys esa Hkh eSaus ckxokuh djuk
'kq: dj fn;kA eSa jks”k dbZ ?kaVs] rirh /wi esa Hkh iwQyksa osQ fy, D;kfj;k¡
cukus esa fcrkus yxkA feê ð h cgqr [kjkc FkhµiFkjhyh vkSj iqjkus eycs vkSj
vo'ks"kksa ls Hkjh gqbZA pw¡fd ;g bfrgkl&LFky gS blfy, vrhr esa blus
dbZ ;q¼ vkSj jktegyksa dh nqjfHklaf/;k¡ ns[kh gSaA ;gk¡ dk bfrgkl cgqr
iqjkuk ugha gSA ?kVukvksa dh n`f"V ls bldh dksbZ fo'ks"k vgfe;r Hkh ugha
gSA ij blls tqM+h ,d ?kVuk] vkt Hkh ;kn dh tkrh gSA ;g ?kVuk gS
pk¡n chch uke dh ,d lqanj efgyk osQ lkgl dh dgkuh] ftlus bl
fdys dh j{kk osQ fy, vdcj dh 'kkgh lsuk osQ fojQ¼] gkFk esa ryokj
mBkdj viuh lsuk dk usr`Ro fd;kA ij var esa mldh gR;k mlosQ vius
gh ,d vkneh osQ gkFkksa gqbZA
 [kqnkbZ osQ nkSjku gesa ”kehu dh lrg osQ cgqr uhps ncs gq, izkphu
nhokjksa osQ fgLls vkSj oqQN xqacnksa vkSj bekjrksa osQ Åijh fgLls feysA ge
cgqr nwj ugha tk losQ D;ksafd u rks vfèkdkfj;ksa ls bldh ea”kwjh feyh
vkSj u gh gekjs ikl bl dke dks tkjh j[kus osQ lk/u FksA vc eSaus
oqQnky NksM+dj gkFk esa dye mBk yh gSA ij eSa tc rd vk”kkn ugha gks
tkrk vkSj deZ osQ ekè;e ls orZeku dks vius vuqHko dk fgLlk ugha
vgenuxj fdys dk og d{k tgk¡ 1942&45 esa
tokgjyky usg: dks j[kk x;k
Reprint 2024-25
Page 3


vgenuxj dk fdyk
vgenuxj dk fdyk] 13 viSzy 1944
;g esjh ukSoha tsy;k=kk FkhA gesa ;gk¡ vk, chl eghus ls Hkh vfèkd le;
gks pqdk FkkA tc ge ;gk¡ igq¡ps rks v¡f/;kjs vkdk'k esa f>yfeykrs nwt
osQ pk¡n us gekjk Lokxr fd;kA 'kqDy&i{k 'kq: gks pqdk FkkA rc ls gj
ckj tc u;k pk¡n mxrk gS rks tSls eq>s ;kn fnyk tkrk gS fd esjs dkjkokl
dk ,d eghuk vkSj chr x;kA pk¡n esjs canh thou dk LFkk;h lgpj jgk
gSA ogh eq>s bl ckr dh ;kn fnykrk gS fd v¡/sjs osQ ckn mtkyk gksrk gSA
lu~ 1953 esa tokgjyky usg: us vgenuxj fdys dh iqu% ;k=kk dh
Reprint 2024-25
Hkkjr dh [kkst
2
vrhr dk Hkkj
nwljh tsyksa dh rjg] ;gk¡ vgenuxj osQ fdys esa Hkh eSaus ckxokuh djuk
'kq: dj fn;kA eSa jks”k dbZ ?kaVs] rirh /wi esa Hkh iwQyksa osQ fy, D;kfj;k¡
cukus esa fcrkus yxkA feê ð h cgqr [kjkc FkhµiFkjhyh vkSj iqjkus eycs vkSj
vo'ks"kksa ls Hkjh gqbZA pw¡fd ;g bfrgkl&LFky gS blfy, vrhr esa blus
dbZ ;q¼ vkSj jktegyksa dh nqjfHklaf/;k¡ ns[kh gSaA ;gk¡ dk bfrgkl cgqr
iqjkuk ugha gSA ?kVukvksa dh n`f"V ls bldh dksbZ fo'ks"k vgfe;r Hkh ugha
gSA ij blls tqM+h ,d ?kVuk] vkt Hkh ;kn dh tkrh gSA ;g ?kVuk gS
pk¡n chch uke dh ,d lqanj efgyk osQ lkgl dh dgkuh] ftlus bl
fdys dh j{kk osQ fy, vdcj dh 'kkgh lsuk osQ fojQ¼] gkFk esa ryokj
mBkdj viuh lsuk dk usr`Ro fd;kA ij var esa mldh gR;k mlosQ vius
gh ,d vkneh osQ gkFkksa gqbZA
 [kqnkbZ osQ nkSjku gesa ”kehu dh lrg osQ cgqr uhps ncs gq, izkphu
nhokjksa osQ fgLls vkSj oqQN xqacnksa vkSj bekjrksa osQ Åijh fgLls feysA ge
cgqr nwj ugha tk losQ D;ksafd u rks vfèkdkfj;ksa ls bldh ea”kwjh feyh
vkSj u gh gekjs ikl bl dke dks tkjh j[kus osQ lk/u FksA vc eSaus
oqQnky NksM+dj gkFk esa dye mBk yh gSA ij eSa tc rd vk”kkn ugha gks
tkrk vkSj deZ osQ ekè;e ls orZeku dks vius vuqHko dk fgLlk ugha
vgenuxj fdys dk og d{k tgk¡ 1942&45 esa
tokgjyky usg: dks j[kk x;k
Reprint 2024-25
vgenuxj dk fdyk
3
cuk ysrk] eSa mlosQ ckjs esa ugha fy[k ldrkA u gh iSxacj dh Hkwfedk
vf[r;kj dj eSa fI
+
kQygky Hkfo"; osQ ckjs esa fy[k ldrk gw¡A cpk jgrk
gS vrhr] ij eSa mlosQ ckjs esa Hkh fdlh bfrgkldkj ;k fo}ku dh rjg
fo}Ùkkiw.kZ 'kSyh esa ugha fy[k ldrkA eSa igys dh gh rjg] vius vkt osQ
fopkjksa vkSj fØ;kdykiksa osQ lkFk laca/ LFkkfir djosQ gh mlosQ ckjs esa
oqQN fy[k ldrk gw¡A xsVs us ,d ckj dgk Fkk fd bl rjg dk bfrgkl
ys[ku vrhr osQ Hkkjh cks> ls ,d lhek rd jkgr fnykrk gSA
vrhr dk ncko
ncko] Hkyk gks ;k cqjk] nksuksa rjg vfHkHkwr djrk gSA dHkh&dHkh ;g
ncko ne?kksaVw gksrk gSµ[kkl rkSj ij mu yksxksa osQ fy, ftudh tM+sa cgqr
iqjkuh lH;rkvksa esa gksrh gSaµelyu Hkkjr vkSj phu dh lH;rk,¡A
vkf[kj esjh fojklr D;k gS\ eSa fdu ckrksa dk mÙkjkf/dkjh gw¡\ D;k
mu lcdk ftls ekuork us nfl;ksa g”kkjksa lky osQ nkSjku gkfly fd;kA
mldh fot;ksa osQ mYykl dk] mldh ijkt;ksa dh nq[kn ;a=k.kk dk] ekuo
osQ mu gSjrvaxs”k lkgfld dk;ks± dk ftudh 'kq#vkr ;qxksa igys gqbZ vkSj
tks vc Hkh tkjh gSa vkSj gesa vkdf"kZr djrh gSaA eSa bl lcdk okfjl gw¡]
lkFk gh ml lcdk Hkh ftlesa iwjh ekuo tkfr dh lk>snkjh gSA ge
Hkkjrokfl;ksa dh fojklr esa ,d [kkl ckr gS] tks vuks[kh ugha gS] D;ksafd
dksbZ O;fDr vkSjksa ls ,dne vyx ugha gksrkA vycÙkk ,d ckr ge yksxksa
ij fo'ks"k :i ls ykxw gksrh gS] tks gekjs jDr] ekal vkSj vfLFk;ksa esa lekbZ
gSA blh fo'ks"krk ls gekjk orZeku :i cuk gS vkSj gekjk Hkkoh :i cusxkA
blh fof'k"V fojklr dk fopkj vkSj orZeku ij bls ykxw djus dh
ckr ,d yacs vjls ls esjs eu esa ?kj fd, gSA eSa blh osQ ckjs esa fy[kuk
pkgrk gw¡A fo"k; dh dfBukbZ vkSj tfVyrk eq>s Hk;Hkhr djrh gSA eq>s
yxrk gS fd eSa lrgh rkSj ij bldk Li'kZ gh dj ldrk gw¡A
Reprint 2024-25