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NCERT Textbook Principles of Inheritance & Variation - Biology Class 12 - NEET
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FAQs on NCERT Textbook Principles of Inheritance & Variation - Biology Class 12 - NEET
| 1. What are the principles of inheritance and variation? |  |
Ans. The principles of inheritance and variation are the fundamental concepts in genetics that explain how traits are passed on from parents to offspring. The principles include Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment, which describe how genetic traits are inherited and how they can be combined in different ways during reproduction.
| 2. How do genes play a role in inheritance? | |
Ans. Genes are segments of DNA that contain instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms. They play a crucial role in inheritance as they carry the genetic information that determines the traits passed on from parents to offspring. Different versions of genes, known as alleles, can result in variations in inherited traits.
| 3. What is the role of variation in evolution? | |
Ans. Variation is essential for the process of evolution. It refers to the differences in traits among individuals of the same species. These variations can arise due to genetic mutations, recombination, and other genetic processes. Natural selection acts on these variations, favoring traits that provide an advantage in a particular environment, leading to the accumulation of beneficial traits in a population over generations.
| 4. How does the environment influence inheritance and variation? | |
Ans. The environment can influence inheritance and variation in several ways. Environmental factors, such as temperature, nutrition, and exposure to certain substances, can affect gene expression and contribute to variations in traits. Additionally, the environment can also play a role in natural selection, as certain traits may be favored or disadvantaged depending on the specific environmental conditions.
| 5. How can the principles of inheritance and variation be applied in agriculture and animal breeding? | |
Ans. The principles of inheritance and variation have significant applications in agriculture and animal breeding. By understanding the inheritance patterns of specific traits, breeders can selectively breed individuals with desirable traits to improve crop yield, disease resistance, or animal productivity. This process is known as artificial selection and has played a crucial role in the development of many domesticated plant and animal species.
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