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1. What is an air standard cycle in the context of internal combustion engines?
Ans. An air standard cycle is a theoretical cycle used to model the thermodynamic behavior of internal combustion engines. It assumes certain ideal conditions, such as a perfect gas working fluid and idealized processes, to simplify the analysis and calculations.
2. What are the main components of an internal combustion engine?
Ans. The main components of an internal combustion engine include the cylinder, piston, crankshaft, valves, spark plug, fuel injector, and intake/exhaust system. These components work together to convert the chemical energy of fuel into mechanical energy.
3. How does an internal combustion engine work during the intake stroke?
Ans. During the intake stroke, the piston moves downward, creating a vacuum in the cylinder. The intake valve opens, allowing a mixture of air and fuel to enter the combustion chamber. This process is responsible for drawing in the fresh charge of fuel-air mixture.
4. What is the purpose of the compression stroke in an internal combustion engine?
Ans. The compression stroke is where the air-fuel mixture is compressed within the cylinder. This compression increases the pressure and temperature of the mixture, preparing it for combustion. The higher the compression ratio, the greater the efficiency of the engine.
5. How does the power stroke in an internal combustion engine generate power?
Ans. During the power stroke, the spark plug ignites the compressed air-fuel mixture. This combustion creates a rapid expansion of hot gases, pushing the piston downward with a great force. The force is transmitted to the crankshaft, which converts the linear motion into rotational motion, ultimately producing power.
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