Page 1
1 | P a g e
MARKING SCHEME
HISTORY-027
CLASS-XII
PART-A
1. b. 2 and 3 Theme 1
Pg 23
1
2. Nageshwar and Balakot. Theme1
Pg 11
½+½=1
3. Votive inscription record gifts made to religious institutions.
Theme 2
pg 43
1
4. Polygyny is the practice of a man having several wives and
Polyandry is the practice of a woman having several husbands.
Theme 3
Pg 57,60,76
½+½=1
5. C. People were dissatisfied with the existing social practices. Theme 4
Pg 94
1
6. Dhamma mahamatta. Theme 2
Pg 34
1
7. B. Perfect crop Theme 8
Pg 200
1
8. C.Francois Bernier Theme 5
Pg 135
1
9. B.Worship of idols. Theme 6
Pg 153
1
10. Ibn Battuta Theme 5
Pg 118
1
11. B.Payment of salaries Theme 9
Pg 245
1
12. C.Humayun Nama : Gulbadan Begum Theme 9
Pg 227,230,231,243
1
13. It was a gateway to the subcontinent, both laid claims over it.
Pg 248 Theme 9
1
14. Untouchables(literally,born outside the caste system). Theme 5
Pg 125
1
15. 1.Good maps were necessary to understand the landscape and
know the topography.
2.Town maps give information regarding the location of hills,rivers
and vegetation,all important for planning structures for defense
purposes.
3.They also show the location of ghats,density and quality of
1
Page 2
1 | P a g e
MARKING SCHEME
HISTORY-027
CLASS-XII
PART-A
1. b. 2 and 3 Theme 1
Pg 23
1
2. Nageshwar and Balakot. Theme1
Pg 11
½+½=1
3. Votive inscription record gifts made to religious institutions.
Theme 2
pg 43
1
4. Polygyny is the practice of a man having several wives and
Polyandry is the practice of a woman having several husbands.
Theme 3
Pg 57,60,76
½+½=1
5. C. People were dissatisfied with the existing social practices. Theme 4
Pg 94
1
6. Dhamma mahamatta. Theme 2
Pg 34
1
7. B. Perfect crop Theme 8
Pg 200
1
8. C.Francois Bernier Theme 5
Pg 135
1
9. B.Worship of idols. Theme 6
Pg 153
1
10. Ibn Battuta Theme 5
Pg 118
1
11. B.Payment of salaries Theme 9
Pg 245
1
12. C.Humayun Nama : Gulbadan Begum Theme 9
Pg 227,230,231,243
1
13. It was a gateway to the subcontinent, both laid claims over it.
Pg 248 Theme 9
1
14. Untouchables(literally,born outside the caste system). Theme 5
Pg 125
1
15. 1.Good maps were necessary to understand the landscape and
know the topography.
2.Town maps give information regarding the location of hills,rivers
and vegetation,all important for planning structures for defense
purposes.
3.They also show the location of ghats,density and quality of
1
2 | P a g e
houses and alignment of roads,used to gauge commercial
possibilites and plan strategies of taxation
.(any one point to be given) Theme 12
Pg 320
16. d. 3,4,2,1 Theme 13
Pg 350,362,389
1
17. D. They were claiming identities associated with lower status.
Theme 12
Pg 321,322
OR
C. The committee built houses for the labouring poor.
Theme 12
Pg 336
1
18. d. I,II and III Theme 10
Pg 258,259
1
19. a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Theme 15
Pg 425
1
20. The image represents the Varaha or boar avatar of Vishnu.
Theme 4
Pg104
OR
The image represents a sculpture in Mahabalipuram.
Theme 4
Pg 109
For Visually impaired candidates only in lieu of Q.No.20:
The first woman to be ordained as a Bhikkhuni was Mahapajapati
Gotami. Theme 4
Pg 92
OR
In Jainism the teachers who guide men and women across the river of
existence are called Tirthankaras. Theme 4
Pg 88
1
PART-B
21. The elements that Historians considered while analysing the
Mahabharata :
1 Language in which the text was written- Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit.
2 Kind of text- devoted to mantras meant to be learnt and chanted
3 Author of the text.
4 Audience- for whom the text is written.
5 Date and place of composition.
(To be assessed as a whole) Theme 3
Pg72,73
3
Page 3
1 | P a g e
MARKING SCHEME
HISTORY-027
CLASS-XII
PART-A
1. b. 2 and 3 Theme 1
Pg 23
1
2. Nageshwar and Balakot. Theme1
Pg 11
½+½=1
3. Votive inscription record gifts made to religious institutions.
Theme 2
pg 43
1
4. Polygyny is the practice of a man having several wives and
Polyandry is the practice of a woman having several husbands.
Theme 3
Pg 57,60,76
½+½=1
5. C. People were dissatisfied with the existing social practices. Theme 4
Pg 94
1
6. Dhamma mahamatta. Theme 2
Pg 34
1
7. B. Perfect crop Theme 8
Pg 200
1
8. C.Francois Bernier Theme 5
Pg 135
1
9. B.Worship of idols. Theme 6
Pg 153
1
10. Ibn Battuta Theme 5
Pg 118
1
11. B.Payment of salaries Theme 9
Pg 245
1
12. C.Humayun Nama : Gulbadan Begum Theme 9
Pg 227,230,231,243
1
13. It was a gateway to the subcontinent, both laid claims over it.
Pg 248 Theme 9
1
14. Untouchables(literally,born outside the caste system). Theme 5
Pg 125
1
15. 1.Good maps were necessary to understand the landscape and
know the topography.
2.Town maps give information regarding the location of hills,rivers
and vegetation,all important for planning structures for defense
purposes.
3.They also show the location of ghats,density and quality of
1
2 | P a g e
houses and alignment of roads,used to gauge commercial
possibilites and plan strategies of taxation
.(any one point to be given) Theme 12
Pg 320
16. d. 3,4,2,1 Theme 13
Pg 350,362,389
1
17. D. They were claiming identities associated with lower status.
Theme 12
Pg 321,322
OR
C. The committee built houses for the labouring poor.
Theme 12
Pg 336
1
18. d. I,II and III Theme 10
Pg 258,259
1
19. a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Theme 15
Pg 425
1
20. The image represents the Varaha or boar avatar of Vishnu.
Theme 4
Pg104
OR
The image represents a sculpture in Mahabalipuram.
Theme 4
Pg 109
For Visually impaired candidates only in lieu of Q.No.20:
The first woman to be ordained as a Bhikkhuni was Mahapajapati
Gotami. Theme 4
Pg 92
OR
In Jainism the teachers who guide men and women across the river of
existence are called Tirthankaras. Theme 4
Pg 88
1
PART-B
21. The elements that Historians considered while analysing the
Mahabharata :
1 Language in which the text was written- Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit.
2 Kind of text- devoted to mantras meant to be learnt and chanted
3 Author of the text.
4 Audience- for whom the text is written.
5 Date and place of composition.
(To be assessed as a whole) Theme 3
Pg72,73
3
3 | P a g e
22. Architectural features of Vitthala temple:
1 Chariot Street
2 Gopurams
3 Garbhagriha
4 Mandapa
5 Combined with other sources of information like literature,
Inscriptions and popular traditions buildings are an important
source material for reconstruction of the past. But we need to
keep in mind that architectural features do not reflect the views
of ordinary men.
(To be assessed as a whole ) Theme 7
Pg185 to188,191
3
OR
Expansion and consolidation of the Vijayanagara empire under
Krishnadeva Raya:
1 Krishnadeva Raya’s reign is marked by peace, prosperity and
military preparedness.
2 Foreign travellers speak of his efficient administration and
prosperity of the empire.
3 Agriculture flourished and to increase production the Raya’s
undertook wise irrigation policy like the construction of
Kamalapuram tank.
4 There was flourishing inland, coastal and overseas trade which
was an important source of general prosperity.
5 Krishnadeva Raya was also a great builder.
6 He is credited with building some fine temples and adding
impressive gopurams to many temples.
7 He built a new town near Vijayanagara named Nagalapuram
after his mother.
8 He was a gifted scholar and patron of Telugu,Kannada and
Tamil poets.
9 He worked for the welfare of his subjects.
(Any three points to be justified) Theme 7
Pg173
1+1+1=3
23. The power of the Jotedars within the village was more effective than
that of the Zamindars:
1 Jotedars were located in villages while Zamindars lived in urban
areas.
2 Indirectly controlled the ryots by advancing money, controlling
local trade.
3 Withholding payment of revenue.
4 Holding benami lands.
5 Purchased the auctioned estates of Zamindars.
6 They became alternate source of power in villages.
(Any three points to be explained) Theme 10
Pg261
1+1+1=3
24
.
The Sepoys complained of:
1 Low levels of pay.
2 Difficulty in getting leave.
1+1+1= 3
Page 4
1 | P a g e
MARKING SCHEME
HISTORY-027
CLASS-XII
PART-A
1. b. 2 and 3 Theme 1
Pg 23
1
2. Nageshwar and Balakot. Theme1
Pg 11
½+½=1
3. Votive inscription record gifts made to religious institutions.
Theme 2
pg 43
1
4. Polygyny is the practice of a man having several wives and
Polyandry is the practice of a woman having several husbands.
Theme 3
Pg 57,60,76
½+½=1
5. C. People were dissatisfied with the existing social practices. Theme 4
Pg 94
1
6. Dhamma mahamatta. Theme 2
Pg 34
1
7. B. Perfect crop Theme 8
Pg 200
1
8. C.Francois Bernier Theme 5
Pg 135
1
9. B.Worship of idols. Theme 6
Pg 153
1
10. Ibn Battuta Theme 5
Pg 118
1
11. B.Payment of salaries Theme 9
Pg 245
1
12. C.Humayun Nama : Gulbadan Begum Theme 9
Pg 227,230,231,243
1
13. It was a gateway to the subcontinent, both laid claims over it.
Pg 248 Theme 9
1
14. Untouchables(literally,born outside the caste system). Theme 5
Pg 125
1
15. 1.Good maps were necessary to understand the landscape and
know the topography.
2.Town maps give information regarding the location of hills,rivers
and vegetation,all important for planning structures for defense
purposes.
3.They also show the location of ghats,density and quality of
1
2 | P a g e
houses and alignment of roads,used to gauge commercial
possibilites and plan strategies of taxation
.(any one point to be given) Theme 12
Pg 320
16. d. 3,4,2,1 Theme 13
Pg 350,362,389
1
17. D. They were claiming identities associated with lower status.
Theme 12
Pg 321,322
OR
C. The committee built houses for the labouring poor.
Theme 12
Pg 336
1
18. d. I,II and III Theme 10
Pg 258,259
1
19. a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Theme 15
Pg 425
1
20. The image represents the Varaha or boar avatar of Vishnu.
Theme 4
Pg104
OR
The image represents a sculpture in Mahabalipuram.
Theme 4
Pg 109
For Visually impaired candidates only in lieu of Q.No.20:
The first woman to be ordained as a Bhikkhuni was Mahapajapati
Gotami. Theme 4
Pg 92
OR
In Jainism the teachers who guide men and women across the river of
existence are called Tirthankaras. Theme 4
Pg 88
1
PART-B
21. The elements that Historians considered while analysing the
Mahabharata :
1 Language in which the text was written- Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit.
2 Kind of text- devoted to mantras meant to be learnt and chanted
3 Author of the text.
4 Audience- for whom the text is written.
5 Date and place of composition.
(To be assessed as a whole) Theme 3
Pg72,73
3
3 | P a g e
22. Architectural features of Vitthala temple:
1 Chariot Street
2 Gopurams
3 Garbhagriha
4 Mandapa
5 Combined with other sources of information like literature,
Inscriptions and popular traditions buildings are an important
source material for reconstruction of the past. But we need to
keep in mind that architectural features do not reflect the views
of ordinary men.
(To be assessed as a whole ) Theme 7
Pg185 to188,191
3
OR
Expansion and consolidation of the Vijayanagara empire under
Krishnadeva Raya:
1 Krishnadeva Raya’s reign is marked by peace, prosperity and
military preparedness.
2 Foreign travellers speak of his efficient administration and
prosperity of the empire.
3 Agriculture flourished and to increase production the Raya’s
undertook wise irrigation policy like the construction of
Kamalapuram tank.
4 There was flourishing inland, coastal and overseas trade which
was an important source of general prosperity.
5 Krishnadeva Raya was also a great builder.
6 He is credited with building some fine temples and adding
impressive gopurams to many temples.
7 He built a new town near Vijayanagara named Nagalapuram
after his mother.
8 He was a gifted scholar and patron of Telugu,Kannada and
Tamil poets.
9 He worked for the welfare of his subjects.
(Any three points to be justified) Theme 7
Pg173
1+1+1=3
23. The power of the Jotedars within the village was more effective than
that of the Zamindars:
1 Jotedars were located in villages while Zamindars lived in urban
areas.
2 Indirectly controlled the ryots by advancing money, controlling
local trade.
3 Withholding payment of revenue.
4 Holding benami lands.
5 Purchased the auctioned estates of Zamindars.
6 They became alternate source of power in villages.
(Any three points to be explained) Theme 10
Pg261
1+1+1=3
24
.
The Sepoys complained of:
1 Low levels of pay.
2 Difficulty in getting leave.
1+1+1= 3
4 | P a g e
3 Policy of racial discrimination adopted by the British officers in
terms of physical abuse,promotion,pension and terms of
service.
4 Rumours about the use of animal fat in cartridges, flour etc.
(Any three points to be explained) Theme 11
Pg 94,299,300,
PART-C
25
.
Historians often try to understand the meaning of sculpture by
comparing it with textual evidence:
1 To understand sculpture that may seem like a rural scene,one
needs to know the story-for example Vessantra Jataka.
2 Art historians read hagiographies of Buddha to understand
sculpture-symbols of worship-Buddha’s presence shown
through symbols.
3 The empty seat meant meditation.
4 Wheel-first sermon of the Buddha.
5 These symbols stand for certain events in his life. They help
historians to understand literary traditions.
6 Others such as Shalabhanjika-a woman whose touch caused
trees to flower.
7 Animal depictions-jataka depicted animals,also to create lively
scenes.
8 Woman surrounded by elephants-identified as Maya, Buddha’s
mother.
9 Serpents lead some art historians to believe Sanchi as center of
serpent worship.This was before they were familiar with
Buddhist literature-only looking at images.
(To be assessed as a whole) Theme 4
Pg 99 to103
8
OR
Sanchi survived because:
1 It escaped the eyes of railway contractors, builders and
Europeans.
2 It was discovered in 1818 after the scholars had understood the
value of finds.
3 When it was discovered three of its gateways were still standing
and the fourth was lying on the spot where it had fallen and the
mound was in good condition.
4 Due to the efforts of the rulers of Bhopal the mound could be
preserved.
Amaravati did not survive because:
1 It was discovered in 1796 before the scholars understood the
value of finds.
2 Local Raja who stumbled on the finds used the stones to
build a temple.
3 Walter Elliot collected several structured panels and took them
away to Madras (Elliot’s Marbles).
4 Slabs of Amravati adorned the gardens of British officials, London
office, Asiatic Society of Bengal.
5 H H Cole’s plea for preservation were ignored.
4+4=8
Page 5
1 | P a g e
MARKING SCHEME
HISTORY-027
CLASS-XII
PART-A
1. b. 2 and 3 Theme 1
Pg 23
1
2. Nageshwar and Balakot. Theme1
Pg 11
½+½=1
3. Votive inscription record gifts made to religious institutions.
Theme 2
pg 43
1
4. Polygyny is the practice of a man having several wives and
Polyandry is the practice of a woman having several husbands.
Theme 3
Pg 57,60,76
½+½=1
5. C. People were dissatisfied with the existing social practices. Theme 4
Pg 94
1
6. Dhamma mahamatta. Theme 2
Pg 34
1
7. B. Perfect crop Theme 8
Pg 200
1
8. C.Francois Bernier Theme 5
Pg 135
1
9. B.Worship of idols. Theme 6
Pg 153
1
10. Ibn Battuta Theme 5
Pg 118
1
11. B.Payment of salaries Theme 9
Pg 245
1
12. C.Humayun Nama : Gulbadan Begum Theme 9
Pg 227,230,231,243
1
13. It was a gateway to the subcontinent, both laid claims over it.
Pg 248 Theme 9
1
14. Untouchables(literally,born outside the caste system). Theme 5
Pg 125
1
15. 1.Good maps were necessary to understand the landscape and
know the topography.
2.Town maps give information regarding the location of hills,rivers
and vegetation,all important for planning structures for defense
purposes.
3.They also show the location of ghats,density and quality of
1
2 | P a g e
houses and alignment of roads,used to gauge commercial
possibilites and plan strategies of taxation
.(any one point to be given) Theme 12
Pg 320
16. d. 3,4,2,1 Theme 13
Pg 350,362,389
1
17. D. They were claiming identities associated with lower status.
Theme 12
Pg 321,322
OR
C. The committee built houses for the labouring poor.
Theme 12
Pg 336
1
18. d. I,II and III Theme 10
Pg 258,259
1
19. a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Theme 15
Pg 425
1
20. The image represents the Varaha or boar avatar of Vishnu.
Theme 4
Pg104
OR
The image represents a sculpture in Mahabalipuram.
Theme 4
Pg 109
For Visually impaired candidates only in lieu of Q.No.20:
The first woman to be ordained as a Bhikkhuni was Mahapajapati
Gotami. Theme 4
Pg 92
OR
In Jainism the teachers who guide men and women across the river of
existence are called Tirthankaras. Theme 4
Pg 88
1
PART-B
21. The elements that Historians considered while analysing the
Mahabharata :
1 Language in which the text was written- Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit.
2 Kind of text- devoted to mantras meant to be learnt and chanted
3 Author of the text.
4 Audience- for whom the text is written.
5 Date and place of composition.
(To be assessed as a whole) Theme 3
Pg72,73
3
3 | P a g e
22. Architectural features of Vitthala temple:
1 Chariot Street
2 Gopurams
3 Garbhagriha
4 Mandapa
5 Combined with other sources of information like literature,
Inscriptions and popular traditions buildings are an important
source material for reconstruction of the past. But we need to
keep in mind that architectural features do not reflect the views
of ordinary men.
(To be assessed as a whole ) Theme 7
Pg185 to188,191
3
OR
Expansion and consolidation of the Vijayanagara empire under
Krishnadeva Raya:
1 Krishnadeva Raya’s reign is marked by peace, prosperity and
military preparedness.
2 Foreign travellers speak of his efficient administration and
prosperity of the empire.
3 Agriculture flourished and to increase production the Raya’s
undertook wise irrigation policy like the construction of
Kamalapuram tank.
4 There was flourishing inland, coastal and overseas trade which
was an important source of general prosperity.
5 Krishnadeva Raya was also a great builder.
6 He is credited with building some fine temples and adding
impressive gopurams to many temples.
7 He built a new town near Vijayanagara named Nagalapuram
after his mother.
8 He was a gifted scholar and patron of Telugu,Kannada and
Tamil poets.
9 He worked for the welfare of his subjects.
(Any three points to be justified) Theme 7
Pg173
1+1+1=3
23. The power of the Jotedars within the village was more effective than
that of the Zamindars:
1 Jotedars were located in villages while Zamindars lived in urban
areas.
2 Indirectly controlled the ryots by advancing money, controlling
local trade.
3 Withholding payment of revenue.
4 Holding benami lands.
5 Purchased the auctioned estates of Zamindars.
6 They became alternate source of power in villages.
(Any three points to be explained) Theme 10
Pg261
1+1+1=3
24
.
The Sepoys complained of:
1 Low levels of pay.
2 Difficulty in getting leave.
1+1+1= 3
4 | P a g e
3 Policy of racial discrimination adopted by the British officers in
terms of physical abuse,promotion,pension and terms of
service.
4 Rumours about the use of animal fat in cartridges, flour etc.
(Any three points to be explained) Theme 11
Pg 94,299,300,
PART-C
25
.
Historians often try to understand the meaning of sculpture by
comparing it with textual evidence:
1 To understand sculpture that may seem like a rural scene,one
needs to know the story-for example Vessantra Jataka.
2 Art historians read hagiographies of Buddha to understand
sculpture-symbols of worship-Buddha’s presence shown
through symbols.
3 The empty seat meant meditation.
4 Wheel-first sermon of the Buddha.
5 These symbols stand for certain events in his life. They help
historians to understand literary traditions.
6 Others such as Shalabhanjika-a woman whose touch caused
trees to flower.
7 Animal depictions-jataka depicted animals,also to create lively
scenes.
8 Woman surrounded by elephants-identified as Maya, Buddha’s
mother.
9 Serpents lead some art historians to believe Sanchi as center of
serpent worship.This was before they were familiar with
Buddhist literature-only looking at images.
(To be assessed as a whole) Theme 4
Pg 99 to103
8
OR
Sanchi survived because:
1 It escaped the eyes of railway contractors, builders and
Europeans.
2 It was discovered in 1818 after the scholars had understood the
value of finds.
3 When it was discovered three of its gateways were still standing
and the fourth was lying on the spot where it had fallen and the
mound was in good condition.
4 Due to the efforts of the rulers of Bhopal the mound could be
preserved.
Amaravati did not survive because:
1 It was discovered in 1796 before the scholars understood the
value of finds.
2 Local Raja who stumbled on the finds used the stones to
build a temple.
3 Walter Elliot collected several structured panels and took them
away to Madras (Elliot’s Marbles).
4 Slabs of Amravati adorned the gardens of British officials, London
office, Asiatic Society of Bengal.
5 H H Cole’s plea for preservation were ignored.
4+4=8
5 | P a g e
Theme 4
Pg 83,98,99
26
.
Relations between the state and the Bhakti and Sufi traditions:
1 Bhakti traditions- Chola rulers supported Brahmanical and
Bhakti traditions.
2 They extended royal patronage to Nayanar saints and made
lavish grants for building of temples.
3 Some of the temples include those at
Chidambaram,Thanjavur,Gangaikondacholapuram.
4 Images of saints were carried during festivals.
5 Kings introduced singing of Tamil Shiva hymns in temples.
6 These hymns were organised in a text called Tevaram.
7 Conflicts among Nayanars and other traditions like Jainism and
Buddhism for royal patronage.
1 Sufi traditions- Visiting the shrine/Dargah
2 Rulers wanting their tombs and shrines to be in the vicinity of
Sufi shrine
3 Funding the construction of the tomb of Shaikh Muinuddin by
Ghiyas-ud-din Khalji.
4 Sultans set up charitable trusts for hospice, made donations.
5 Granted tax free land.
6 Sufis provided legitimisation to the power of Sultans
7 Conflicts among Sufis and Sultans on rituals like kissing of feet
and prostration, adopting high sounding titles.
(Four points for each to be explained) Theme 6
Pg146,159
4+4=8
OR
Teaching of Baba Guru Nanak
1 Nirguna Bhakti i.e, God,the absolute ‘rab’ had no gender or
form.
2 Rejected rituals of Hindus and Muslims.
3 Rejected image worship.
4 Shabad.
5 Repetition of the divine name to connect with the divine.
6 Simple mode of worship.
7 Teachings in local language of the region- Punjabi.
8 He formed a community of devotees.
9 Started the tradition of Gurus.
10 The hymns called ‘Gurbani’ are translated into various
languages.
His teachings appeal because of the simplicity, practicality and feeling
of community.(Any other relevant answer)
(To be assessed as a whole) Theme 6
Pg163
8
27
.
Base of Indian National Movement broadened under Gandhiji:
1 Gandhiji as people’s leader:It was no longer a movement of
professionals and intellectuals,now hundreds of thousands of
8
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