Page 1
The Hindu Analysis:1 May 2020
1) Religion and freedom: On India and
communal violence-
CONTEXT:
Religious freedom is of paramount importance, not
because it is about religion, but because it is about
freedom. The characterisation by the U.S. Commission on
International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) of India as a
country of particular concern, in its annual report, is not
entirely surprising, considering its dim(unclear) and known
views about sectarian violence and aggravating(worse)
governmental measures over the last year.
REPUDIATION:
Page 2
The Hindu Analysis:1 May 2020
1) Religion and freedom: On India and
communal violence-
CONTEXT:
Religious freedom is of paramount importance, not
because it is about religion, but because it is about
freedom. The characterisation by the U.S. Commission on
International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) of India as a
country of particular concern, in its annual report, is not
entirely surprising, considering its dim(unclear) and known
views about sectarian violence and aggravating(worse)
governmental measures over the last year.
REPUDIATION:
The Indian government not only repudiated(refuse to
accept) the report but also ridiculed(dismissive language)
the USCIRF. The autonomous, bipartisan(involving the
agreement or cooperation of two political parties that
usually oppose each other's policies) commission’s
influence over any U.S. executive action is limited and
occasional but its presumption of global authority
appears amusingly expansive(extensive).
Whether or not the U.S. government acts on its
recommendation to impose targeted
sanctions(threatened penalty for disobeying a law or rule)
on Indian government agencies and officials depends on
American strategic interests.
Page 3
The Hindu Analysis:1 May 2020
1) Religion and freedom: On India and
communal violence-
CONTEXT:
Religious freedom is of paramount importance, not
because it is about religion, but because it is about
freedom. The characterisation by the U.S. Commission on
International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) of India as a
country of particular concern, in its annual report, is not
entirely surprising, considering its dim(unclear) and known
views about sectarian violence and aggravating(worse)
governmental measures over the last year.
REPUDIATION:
The Indian government not only repudiated(refuse to
accept) the report but also ridiculed(dismissive language)
the USCIRF. The autonomous, bipartisan(involving the
agreement or cooperation of two political parties that
usually oppose each other's policies) commission’s
influence over any U.S. executive action is limited and
occasional but its presumption of global authority
appears amusingly expansive(extensive).
Whether or not the U.S. government acts on its
recommendation to impose targeted
sanctions(threatened penalty for disobeying a law or rule)
on Indian government agencies and officials depends on
American strategic interests.
The U.S. has used arguments of freedom, democracy,
tolerance, and transparency as tools in its strategic
pursuits(tracking), but there is no proof of any uniform or
predictable pattern of enforcement of such moral
attributes(regard something as being caused by).
EMBRACING AND REJECTING:
The process can be selective and often arbitrary(vague) in
spotlighting countries. Mirroring this pattern, India
selectively approaches global opinions on itself, embracing
and celebrating laudatory(praising) ones and rejecting
inconvenient ones. The frantic, and relatively successful,
efforts to raise its Ease of Doing Business ranking by the
World Bank is a case in point.
Many of these reports have a circulatory life — the USCIRF
report quotes U.N. Special Rapporteurs to buttress(focus)
its point on the discriminatory outcome of the National
Register of Citizens in Assam. Overall, such reports
contribute to the construction of an image of a country,
and the Indian government is cognisant(aware) of this
pattern. In March, the Indian government told Niti Aayog
to track 32 global indices and engage with the bodies that
measure them, to advance reform and growth.
Page 4
The Hindu Analysis:1 May 2020
1) Religion and freedom: On India and
communal violence-
CONTEXT:
Religious freedom is of paramount importance, not
because it is about religion, but because it is about
freedom. The characterisation by the U.S. Commission on
International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) of India as a
country of particular concern, in its annual report, is not
entirely surprising, considering its dim(unclear) and known
views about sectarian violence and aggravating(worse)
governmental measures over the last year.
REPUDIATION:
The Indian government not only repudiated(refuse to
accept) the report but also ridiculed(dismissive language)
the USCIRF. The autonomous, bipartisan(involving the
agreement or cooperation of two political parties that
usually oppose each other's policies) commission’s
influence over any U.S. executive action is limited and
occasional but its presumption of global authority
appears amusingly expansive(extensive).
Whether or not the U.S. government acts on its
recommendation to impose targeted
sanctions(threatened penalty for disobeying a law or rule)
on Indian government agencies and officials depends on
American strategic interests.
The U.S. has used arguments of freedom, democracy,
tolerance, and transparency as tools in its strategic
pursuits(tracking), but there is no proof of any uniform or
predictable pattern of enforcement of such moral
attributes(regard something as being caused by).
EMBRACING AND REJECTING:
The process can be selective and often arbitrary(vague) in
spotlighting countries. Mirroring this pattern, India
selectively approaches global opinions on itself, embracing
and celebrating laudatory(praising) ones and rejecting
inconvenient ones. The frantic, and relatively successful,
efforts to raise its Ease of Doing Business ranking by the
World Bank is a case in point.
Many of these reports have a circulatory life — the USCIRF
report quotes U.N. Special Rapporteurs to buttress(focus)
its point on the discriminatory outcome of the National
Register of Citizens in Assam. Overall, such reports
contribute to the construction of an image of a country,
and the Indian government is cognisant(aware) of this
pattern. In March, the Indian government told Niti Aayog
to track 32 global indices and engage with the bodies that
measure them, to advance reform and growth.
(TRIVIA- The National Register of Citizens (NRC) is a
register of all Indian citizens whose creation is mandated
by the 2003 amendment of the Citizenship Act, 1955. Its
purpose is to document all the legal citizens of India so
that the illegal migrants can be identified and deported. It
has been implemented for the state of Assam starting in
2013–2014. The Government of India plans to implement it
for the rest of the country in 2021)
MULTI-RELIGIOUS DEMOCRACY:
India advertises itself as a multi-religious democracy and
as an adherent(follower) to global norms of rule of law. It
also aspires to be on the table of global rule making. For a
country with such stated ambitions, its record on religious
freedom as reflected through events of the last one year
is deeply disconcerting(dissatisfying).
The catalogue (complete list of items) of religious violence,
incitement(provoke) and wrecking(destroying) of the rule
of law in several parts of the country remains an
unsettling fact. The partisan(bias) nature of the ruling
Page 5
The Hindu Analysis:1 May 2020
1) Religion and freedom: On India and
communal violence-
CONTEXT:
Religious freedom is of paramount importance, not
because it is about religion, but because it is about
freedom. The characterisation by the U.S. Commission on
International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) of India as a
country of particular concern, in its annual report, is not
entirely surprising, considering its dim(unclear) and known
views about sectarian violence and aggravating(worse)
governmental measures over the last year.
REPUDIATION:
The Indian government not only repudiated(refuse to
accept) the report but also ridiculed(dismissive language)
the USCIRF. The autonomous, bipartisan(involving the
agreement or cooperation of two political parties that
usually oppose each other's policies) commission’s
influence over any U.S. executive action is limited and
occasional but its presumption of global authority
appears amusingly expansive(extensive).
Whether or not the U.S. government acts on its
recommendation to impose targeted
sanctions(threatened penalty for disobeying a law or rule)
on Indian government agencies and officials depends on
American strategic interests.
The U.S. has used arguments of freedom, democracy,
tolerance, and transparency as tools in its strategic
pursuits(tracking), but there is no proof of any uniform or
predictable pattern of enforcement of such moral
attributes(regard something as being caused by).
EMBRACING AND REJECTING:
The process can be selective and often arbitrary(vague) in
spotlighting countries. Mirroring this pattern, India
selectively approaches global opinions on itself, embracing
and celebrating laudatory(praising) ones and rejecting
inconvenient ones. The frantic, and relatively successful,
efforts to raise its Ease of Doing Business ranking by the
World Bank is a case in point.
Many of these reports have a circulatory life — the USCIRF
report quotes U.N. Special Rapporteurs to buttress(focus)
its point on the discriminatory outcome of the National
Register of Citizens in Assam. Overall, such reports
contribute to the construction of an image of a country,
and the Indian government is cognisant(aware) of this
pattern. In March, the Indian government told Niti Aayog
to track 32 global indices and engage with the bodies that
measure them, to advance reform and growth.
(TRIVIA- The National Register of Citizens (NRC) is a
register of all Indian citizens whose creation is mandated
by the 2003 amendment of the Citizenship Act, 1955. Its
purpose is to document all the legal citizens of India so
that the illegal migrants can be identified and deported. It
has been implemented for the state of Assam starting in
2013–2014. The Government of India plans to implement it
for the rest of the country in 2021)
MULTI-RELIGIOUS DEMOCRACY:
India advertises itself as a multi-religious democracy and
as an adherent(follower) to global norms of rule of law. It
also aspires to be on the table of global rule making. For a
country with such stated ambitions, its record on religious
freedom as reflected through events of the last one year
is deeply disconcerting(dissatisfying).
The catalogue (complete list of items) of religious violence,
incitement(provoke) and wrecking(destroying) of the rule
of law in several parts of the country remains an
unsettling fact. The partisan(bias) nature of the ruling
dispensation(party) is also difficult to wish away.
CONCLUSION:
Reputation is important for a country’s economic
development and global standing but beyond that
instrumental perspective, rule of law and communal
harmony are essential for any functioning democracy.
India must protect its freedoms, and come down heavily
(take strong actions) on religious violence.
2) The making of the modern public
intellectual-
CONTEXT:
This article is based on fundamentals of a just law. Law is
not the source of its own moral authority and legitimacy.
A SETBACK TO DEMOCRACY:
Centuries later, M.K. Gandhi reiterated(repeated) that a
law is binding only if it satisfies the unwritten codes of
public ethics. He spoke in the context of colonial rule.
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