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 The Hindu Analysis: 29 July 2020
 
 1) Digging deeper: On GST compensation-
 
  GS  3-  Indian  Economy  and  issues  relating  to planning, mobilization of
 resources, growth, development and employment
 
 CONTEXT:
1.   Four months into FY2020-21, the Centre has ?nally managed to pay
  States the compensation due to them for the previous year under the
 GST regime.
2.   This may come as a breather(relief ) for States seeking to ?nance
  e?orts to ramp up(increase) public health-care capacity and
  contain COVID-19’s detrimental(harmful) e?ects on vulnerable
 sections.
  
 
Page 2


 
 The Hindu Analysis: 29 July 2020
 
 1) Digging deeper: On GST compensation-
 
  GS  3-  Indian  Economy  and  issues  relating  to planning, mobilization of
 resources, growth, development and employment
 
 CONTEXT:
1.   Four months into FY2020-21, the Centre has ?nally managed to pay
  States the compensation due to them for the previous year under the
 GST regime.
2.   This may come as a breather(relief ) for States seeking to ?nance
  e?orts to ramp up(increase) public health-care capacity and
  contain COVID-19’s detrimental(harmful) e?ects on vulnerable
 sections.
  
 
 
 
  
 COMPENSATION:
1.   The last instalment of  ?13,806 crore for March 2020 was paid out
 recently, taking the total payments for the year to  ?1,65,302 crore.
2.   To refresh, States were guaranteed compensation from the Centre for
  the ?rst ?ve years of the new indirect tax regime introduced in July
 2017.
3.   Compensation was to be provided for the revenues they lost after the
  shift from the earlier system where States had the power to levy some
 
Page 3


 
 The Hindu Analysis: 29 July 2020
 
 1) Digging deeper: On GST compensation-
 
  GS  3-  Indian  Economy  and  issues  relating  to planning, mobilization of
 resources, growth, development and employment
 
 CONTEXT:
1.   Four months into FY2020-21, the Centre has ?nally managed to pay
  States the compensation due to them for the previous year under the
 GST regime.
2.   This may come as a breather(relief ) for States seeking to ?nance
  e?orts to ramp up(increase) public health-care capacity and
  contain COVID-19’s detrimental(harmful) e?ects on vulnerable
 sections.
  
 
 
 
  
 COMPENSATION:
1.   The last instalment of  ?13,806 crore for March 2020 was paid out
 recently, taking the total payments for the year to  ?1,65,302 crore.
2.   To refresh, States were guaranteed compensation from the Centre for
  the ?rst ?ve years of the new indirect tax regime introduced in July
 2017.
3.   Compensation was to be provided for the revenues they lost after the
  shift from the earlier system where States had the power to levy some
 
 
 indirect taxes on economic activity.
4.   This compensation assumed a 14% annual growth rate in a State’s
  revenue, with 2015-16 as the base year, and was to be paid out from
  a compensation cess levied on top of the speci?ed GST rate on luxury
 and sin goods.
5.   With growth down over the previous ?scal year even before the
  pandemic waylaid the economy, the assumptions of the
 not-too-distant past are beginning to hurt.
6.   Compensation cess(tax on tax) under GST last year was almost
 ?70,000 crore less than the payments due to States.
  
 DAUNTING TASK:
1.   This gap is likely to enlarge further this year with expected economic
 contraction denting(a?ecting) GST collections as well.
2.   Compensation cess in?ows could shrink even more with people
  curbing discretionary spending on luxury goods in order to conserve
 capital or stay a?oat in the pandemic-hit economy.
3.   A little over half of the shortfall in last year’s cess kitty has been
  plugged(?lled) by tapping cess balances from the ?rst two years of
 GST implementation.
4.   The rest has been conjured up(taken) from the Consolidated Fund
  of India by debiting Integrated GST (IGST) funds that were lying with
 the Centre.
5.   IGST is levied on inter-State supply of goods and services and some of
  this levy collected in 2017-18 — the ?rst year of GST when systems
  were still a tad ad-hoc(temporary) — had not yet been allocated to
 States.
6.   Having thus drawn on these unintended contingent reserves, paying
  compensation to States this year is going to be even more
 daunting(challenging) for the Centre.
 
Page 4


 
 The Hindu Analysis: 29 July 2020
 
 1) Digging deeper: On GST compensation-
 
  GS  3-  Indian  Economy  and  issues  relating  to planning, mobilization of
 resources, growth, development and employment
 
 CONTEXT:
1.   Four months into FY2020-21, the Centre has ?nally managed to pay
  States the compensation due to them for the previous year under the
 GST regime.
2.   This may come as a breather(relief ) for States seeking to ?nance
  e?orts to ramp up(increase) public health-care capacity and
  contain COVID-19’s detrimental(harmful) e?ects on vulnerable
 sections.
  
 
 
 
  
 COMPENSATION:
1.   The last instalment of  ?13,806 crore for March 2020 was paid out
 recently, taking the total payments for the year to  ?1,65,302 crore.
2.   To refresh, States were guaranteed compensation from the Centre for
  the ?rst ?ve years of the new indirect tax regime introduced in July
 2017.
3.   Compensation was to be provided for the revenues they lost after the
  shift from the earlier system where States had the power to levy some
 
 
 indirect taxes on economic activity.
4.   This compensation assumed a 14% annual growth rate in a State’s
  revenue, with 2015-16 as the base year, and was to be paid out from
  a compensation cess levied on top of the speci?ed GST rate on luxury
 and sin goods.
5.   With growth down over the previous ?scal year even before the
  pandemic waylaid the economy, the assumptions of the
 not-too-distant past are beginning to hurt.
6.   Compensation cess(tax on tax) under GST last year was almost
 ?70,000 crore less than the payments due to States.
  
 DAUNTING TASK:
1.   This gap is likely to enlarge further this year with expected economic
 contraction denting(a?ecting) GST collections as well.
2.   Compensation cess in?ows could shrink even more with people
  curbing discretionary spending on luxury goods in order to conserve
 capital or stay a?oat in the pandemic-hit economy.
3.   A little over half of the shortfall in last year’s cess kitty has been
  plugged(?lled) by tapping cess balances from the ?rst two years of
 GST implementation.
4.   The rest has been conjured up(taken) from the Consolidated Fund
  of India by debiting Integrated GST (IGST) funds that were lying with
 the Centre.
5.   IGST is levied on inter-State supply of goods and services and some of
  this levy collected in 2017-18 — the ?rst year of GST when systems
  were still a tad ad-hoc(temporary) — had not yet been allocated to
 States.
6.   Having thus drawn on these unintended contingent reserves, paying
  compensation to States this year is going to be even more
 daunting(challenging) for the Centre.
 
 
7.   At the last GST Council meeting in June, Finance Minister had said
  the Council would convene again in July just to discuss the possible
 alternatives to deal with this particular conundrum.
8.   The chief solution o?cials have been ?eshing out is for the Centre to
  raise special loans against future GST cess accruals in order to help
 meet its compensation promise to States.
9.   There is no sign of that meeting being scheduled yet. That the
  pandemic’s economic havoc has thrown up multiple challenges for
 North Block mandarins(o?cials) is understandable.
10.   But with a third of the ?scal year almost over, it would help the
  Centre and the States to battle the virus more e?ectively if they had
 more certainty and clarity on the cash at their disposal.
  
 CONCLUSION:
  With  GST  collections  set  to  shrink,  the  Centre      must      ?nd      new      ways      to
 compensate    States.
  
  
  
 2) The cost of haste: On drugs, vaccines and regulators-
  GS  2-  Issues  relating  to  development  and  management  of  Social
 Sector/Services relating to Health
  
 
Page 5


 
 The Hindu Analysis: 29 July 2020
 
 1) Digging deeper: On GST compensation-
 
  GS  3-  Indian  Economy  and  issues  relating  to planning, mobilization of
 resources, growth, development and employment
 
 CONTEXT:
1.   Four months into FY2020-21, the Centre has ?nally managed to pay
  States the compensation due to them for the previous year under the
 GST regime.
2.   This may come as a breather(relief ) for States seeking to ?nance
  e?orts to ramp up(increase) public health-care capacity and
  contain COVID-19’s detrimental(harmful) e?ects on vulnerable
 sections.
  
 
 
 
  
 COMPENSATION:
1.   The last instalment of  ?13,806 crore for March 2020 was paid out
 recently, taking the total payments for the year to  ?1,65,302 crore.
2.   To refresh, States were guaranteed compensation from the Centre for
  the ?rst ?ve years of the new indirect tax regime introduced in July
 2017.
3.   Compensation was to be provided for the revenues they lost after the
  shift from the earlier system where States had the power to levy some
 
 
 indirect taxes on economic activity.
4.   This compensation assumed a 14% annual growth rate in a State’s
  revenue, with 2015-16 as the base year, and was to be paid out from
  a compensation cess levied on top of the speci?ed GST rate on luxury
 and sin goods.
5.   With growth down over the previous ?scal year even before the
  pandemic waylaid the economy, the assumptions of the
 not-too-distant past are beginning to hurt.
6.   Compensation cess(tax on tax) under GST last year was almost
 ?70,000 crore less than the payments due to States.
  
 DAUNTING TASK:
1.   This gap is likely to enlarge further this year with expected economic
 contraction denting(a?ecting) GST collections as well.
2.   Compensation cess in?ows could shrink even more with people
  curbing discretionary spending on luxury goods in order to conserve
 capital or stay a?oat in the pandemic-hit economy.
3.   A little over half of the shortfall in last year’s cess kitty has been
  plugged(?lled) by tapping cess balances from the ?rst two years of
 GST implementation.
4.   The rest has been conjured up(taken) from the Consolidated Fund
  of India by debiting Integrated GST (IGST) funds that were lying with
 the Centre.
5.   IGST is levied on inter-State supply of goods and services and some of
  this levy collected in 2017-18 — the ?rst year of GST when systems
  were still a tad ad-hoc(temporary) — had not yet been allocated to
 States.
6.   Having thus drawn on these unintended contingent reserves, paying
  compensation to States this year is going to be even more
 daunting(challenging) for the Centre.
 
 
7.   At the last GST Council meeting in June, Finance Minister had said
  the Council would convene again in July just to discuss the possible
 alternatives to deal with this particular conundrum.
8.   The chief solution o?cials have been ?eshing out is for the Centre to
  raise special loans against future GST cess accruals in order to help
 meet its compensation promise to States.
9.   There is no sign of that meeting being scheduled yet. That the
  pandemic’s economic havoc has thrown up multiple challenges for
 North Block mandarins(o?cials) is understandable.
10.   But with a third of the ?scal year almost over, it would help the
  Centre and the States to battle the virus more e?ectively if they had
 more certainty and clarity on the cash at their disposal.
  
 CONCLUSION:
  With  GST  collections  set  to  shrink,  the  Centre      must      ?nd      new      ways      to
 compensate    States.
  
  
  
 2) The cost of haste: On drugs, vaccines and regulators-
  GS  2-  Issues  relating  to  development  and  management  of  Social
 Sector/Services relating to Health
  
 
 
 
 CONTEXT:
1.   So far-reaching are the e?ects of COVID-19 that it has
  harried(troubled) drug regulatory authorities, usually the most
 risk-averse within the bureaucracy.
2.   ‘Do no harm’ is the driving principle of drug regulation and this is
  re?ected in the thicket of documents and permissions that stand
 before the average novel drug or vaccine.
3.   However, SARS-CoV-2, while mostly non-lethal, kills across
  demography and age-groups to confound(confuse) sophisticated
 care systems.
 
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FAQs on Daily Analysis of 'The Hindu' - 29th July, 2020 - Additional Study Material for UPSC

1. What is the significance of 'The Hindu' newspaper for UPSC exam preparation?
Ans. 'The Hindu' newspaper is highly recommended for UPSC exam preparation due to its comprehensive coverage of national and international news, in-depth analysis of current affairs, and editorials that provide diverse viewpoints. It helps aspirants stay updated with the latest developments and enhances their understanding of various subjects relevant to the UPSC syllabus.
2. How can 'The Hindu' newspaper be effectively utilized for UPSC exam preparation?
Ans. 'The Hindu' newspaper can be effectively utilized for UPSC exam preparation by following these steps: 1. Read the newspaper daily to stay updated with current affairs. 2. Focus on articles related to polity, economics, science and technology, environment, and international relations. 3. Make notes of important information, facts, and figures. 4. Analyze the editorials and opinion articles to develop a broader perspective on issues. 5. Connect the news with relevant topics from the UPSC syllabus and link them to your preparation materials.
3. How can one improve their reading speed and comprehension while reading 'The Hindu' newspaper for UPSC preparation?
Ans. To improve reading speed and comprehension while reading 'The Hindu' newspaper for UPSC preparation, one can follow these tips: 1. Practice speed reading techniques to increase reading speed without compromising understanding. 2. Read regularly to build familiarity with the newspaper's language and writing style. 3. Highlight or underline important points to improve focus and retention. 4. Take short breaks between reading sessions to avoid mental fatigue. 5. Discuss and debate articles with fellow aspirants to enhance comprehension and critical thinking skills.
4. Are there any alternative newspapers or sources that can be used alongside 'The Hindu' for UPSC preparation?
Ans. Yes, there are alternative newspapers and sources that can be used alongside 'The Hindu' for UPSC preparation. Some popular options include: 1. The Indian Express 2. Livemint 3. Business Standard 4. Yojana magazine 5. Rajya Sabha TV debates and discussions
5. Is it necessary to read the entire newspaper or can selective reading be done for UPSC preparation?
Ans. It is not necessary to read the entire newspaper for UPSC preparation. Selective reading can be done by focusing on articles and sections relevant to the UPSC syllabus such as national news, international relations, economy, environment, science and technology, and editorials. However, it is important to have a holistic understanding of current affairs, so reading from diverse sources is recommended.
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