NCERT Textbook - कार्य, ऊर्जा और शक्ति | सामान्य विज्ञानं (General Science) for UPSC CSE in Hindi PDF Download

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116 HkkSfrdh
vè;k;     6
dk;Z] mQtkZ vkSj 'kfDr
6.1 Hkwfedk
6.2 dk;Z vkSj xfrt mQtkZ dh èkkj.kk %
dk;Z&mQtkZ izes;
6.3 dk;Z
6.4 xfrt mQtkZ
6.5 ifjorhZ cy }kjk fd;k x;k dk;Z
6.6 ifjorhZ cy osQ fy, dk;Z&mQtkZ izes;
6.7 fLFkfrt mQtkZ dh vfHkèkkj.kk
6.8 ;kaf=kd mQtkZ dk laj{k.k
6.9 fdlh fLizax dh fLFkfrt mQtkZ
6.10mQtkZ osQ fofHkUu :i % mQtkZ&laj{k.k
dk fu;e
6.11'kfDr
6.12la?kêð
lkjka'k
fopkj.kh; fo"k;
vH;kl
vfrfjDr vH;kl
ifjf'k"V 6.1
6.1 Hkwfedk
nSfud cksy pky dh Hkk"kk esa ge izk;% ^dk;Z*] ^ÅtkZ*] vkSj ^'kfDr* 'kCnksa dk
iz;ksx djrs gSaA ;fn dksbZ fdlku [ksr tksrrk gS] dksbZ feL=kh b±V <ksrk gS] dksbZ
Nk=k ijh{kk osQ fy, i<+rk gS ;k dksbZ fp=kdkj lqUnj n`';Hkwfe dk fp=k cukrk
gS rks ge dgrs gSa fd lHkh dk;Z dj jgs gSa ijUrq HkkSfrdh esa dk;Z 'kCn dks
ifj'kq¼ :i ls ifjHkkf"kr djrs gSaA ftl O;fDr esa izfrfnu pkSng ls lksyg ?k.Vas
dk;Z djus dh {kerk gksrh gS] mls vf/d 'kfDr ;k ÅtkZ okyk dgrs gSaA ge
yach nwjh okys ?kkrd dks mldh 'kfDr ;k ÅtkZ osQ fy, iz'kalk djrs gSaA bl
izdkj ÅtkZ dk;Z djus dh {kerk gSA HkkSfrdh esa Hkh ÅtkZ dk;Z ls blh izdkj
lEcfU/r gS ijUrq tSlk Åij crk;k x;k gS 'kCn dk;Z dks vkSj vf/d ifj'kq¼
:i ls ifjHkkf"kr djrs gSaA 'kfDr 'kCn dk nSfud thou esa iz;ksx fofHkUu vFkks±
esa gksrk gSA djkVs ;k ckWfDlax esa 'kfDr'kkyh eqDdk ogh ekuk tkrk gS tks rst
xfr ls ekjk tkrk gSA 'kCn ^'kfDr* dk ;g vFkZ HkkSfrdh esa bl 'kCn osQ vFkZ
osQ fudV gSA ge ;g ns[ksaxs fd bu inksa dh HkkSfrd ifjHkk"kkvksa rFkk buosQ }kjk
efLr"d esa cus dk;Zdh; fp=k.kksa osQ chp vf/d ls vf/d ;g lEcU/ vYi
gh gksrk gSA bl ikB dk y{; bu rhu HkkSfrd jkf'k;ksa dh /kj.kkvksa dk fodkl
djuk gS ysfdu blosQ igys gesa vko';d xf.krh; Hkk"kk eq[;r% nks lfn'kksa
osQ vfn'k xq.kuiQy dks le>uk gksxkA
6.1.1 vfn'k xq.kuiQy
vè;k; 4 esa ge yksxksa us lfn'k jkf'k;ksa vkSj muosQ iz;ksxksa osQ ckjs esa i<+k gSA
dbZ HkkSfrd jkf'k;k¡_ tSls&foLFkkiu] osx] Roj.k] cy vkfn lfn'k gSaA ge yksxksa
us lfn'kksa dks tksM+uk vkSj ?kVkuk Hkh lh[kk gSA vc ge yksx lfn'kksa osQ xq.ku
osQ ckjs esa vè;;u djsaxsA lfn'kksa dks xq.kk djus dh nks fof/;k¡ gSaA izFke fof/
ls nks lfn'kksa osQ xq.kuiQy ls vfn'k xq.kuiQy izkIr gksrk gS vkSj bls vfn'k
xq.kuiQy dgrs gSaA nwljh fof/ esa nks lfn'kksa osQ xq.kuiQy ls ,d lfn'k izkIr
gksrk gS vkSj bls lfn'k xq.kuiQy dgrs gSaA lfn'k xq.kuiQy osQ ckjs esa ge yksx
vè;k; 7 esa i<+saxsA bl vè;k; esa ge yksx vfn'k xq.kuiQy dh
foospuk djsaxsA