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Page 1 b±Vsa] euosQ rFkk vfLFk;k¡ gM+Iik lH;rk gM+IikbZ eqgj (fp=k 1.1) laHkor% gM+Iik vFkok ¯lèkq ?kkVh lH;rk dh lcls fof'k"V iqjkoLrq gSA lsy[kM+h uked iRFkj ls cukbZ xbZ bu eqgjksa ij lkekU; :i ls tkuojksa osQ fp=k rFkk ,d ,slh fyfi osQ fpÉ mRdhf.kZr gSa ftUgsa vHkh rd i<+k ugha tk ldk gSA fiQj Hkh gesa bl {ks=k esa ml le; cls yksxksa osQ thou osQ fo"k; esa muosQ }kjk ihNs NksM+h xbZ iqjkoLrqvksaµtSls muosQ vkoklksa] e`nHkk.Mksa] vkHkw"k.kksa] vkS”kkjksa rFkk eqgjksaµnwljs 'kCnksa esa iqjkrkfRod lk{;ksa osQ ekè;e ls cgqr tkudkjh feyrh gSA vc ge ns[ksaxs fd ge gM+Iik lH;rk osQ fo"k; esa D;k vkSj oSQls tkurs gSaA ge ;g vUos"k.k djsaxs fd iqjkrkfRod lk{;ksa dh O;k[;k oSQls dh tkrh gS vkSj bu O;k[;kvksa esa oSQls dHkh&dHkh cnyko vk tkrk gSA fuf'pr :i ls bl lH;rk osQ dbZ igyw vkt Hkh gekjh tkudkjh ls ijs gSa vkSj gks ldrk gS] ges'kk gh jgsaA ikfjHkkf"kd 'kCn] LFkku rFkk dky ¯lèkq ?kkVh lH;rk dks gM+Iik laLÑfr Hkh dgk tkrk gSA iqjkrRofon ^laLÑfr* 'kCn dk iz;ksx iqjkoLrqvksa osQ ,sls lewg osQ fy, djrs gSa tks ,d fof'k"V 'kSyh osQ gksrs gSa vkSj lkekU;r;k ,d lkFk] ,d fo'ks"k HkkSxksfyd {ks=k rFkk dky&[kaM ls lac¼ ik, tkrs gSaA gM+Iik lH;rk osQ lanHkZ esa bu fof'k"V iqjkoLrqvksa esa eqgjsa] euosQ] ckV] iRFkj osQ iQyd (fp=k 1.2) vkSj idh gqbZ b±Vsa lfEefyr gSaA ;s oLrq,¡ vI + kQxkfuLrku] tEew] cywfpLrku (ikfdLrku) rFkk xqtjkr tSls {ks=kksa ls feyh gSa tks ,d nwljs ls yach nwjh ij fLFkr gSa (ekufp=k 1)A bl lH;rk dk ukedj.k] gM+Iik uked LFkku] tgk¡ ;g laLÑfr igyh ckj [kksth xbZ Fkh (i`"B 6)] osQ uke ij fd;k x;k gSA bldk dky fuèkkZj.k yxHkx 2600 vkSj 1900 bZlk iwoZ osQ chp fd;k x;k gSA bl {ks=k esa bl lH;rk ls igys vkSj ckn esa Hkh laLÑfr;k¡ vfLrRo esa Fkha ftUgsa Øe'k% vkjafHkd rFkk ijorhZ gM+Iik dgk tkrk gSA bu laLÑfr;ksa ls gM+Iik lH;rk dks vyx djus osQ fy, dHkh&dHkh bls fodflr gM+Iik laLÑfr Hkh dgk tkrk gSA fp=k 1.1 ,d gM+IikbZ eqgj fp=k 1.2 euosQ] ckV rFkk iQyd fo"k; ,d Page 2 b±Vsa] euosQ rFkk vfLFk;k¡ gM+Iik lH;rk gM+IikbZ eqgj (fp=k 1.1) laHkor% gM+Iik vFkok ¯lèkq ?kkVh lH;rk dh lcls fof'k"V iqjkoLrq gSA lsy[kM+h uked iRFkj ls cukbZ xbZ bu eqgjksa ij lkekU; :i ls tkuojksa osQ fp=k rFkk ,d ,slh fyfi osQ fpÉ mRdhf.kZr gSa ftUgsa vHkh rd i<+k ugha tk ldk gSA fiQj Hkh gesa bl {ks=k esa ml le; cls yksxksa osQ thou osQ fo"k; esa muosQ }kjk ihNs NksM+h xbZ iqjkoLrqvksaµtSls muosQ vkoklksa] e`nHkk.Mksa] vkHkw"k.kksa] vkS”kkjksa rFkk eqgjksaµnwljs 'kCnksa esa iqjkrkfRod lk{;ksa osQ ekè;e ls cgqr tkudkjh feyrh gSA vc ge ns[ksaxs fd ge gM+Iik lH;rk osQ fo"k; esa D;k vkSj oSQls tkurs gSaA ge ;g vUos"k.k djsaxs fd iqjkrkfRod lk{;ksa dh O;k[;k oSQls dh tkrh gS vkSj bu O;k[;kvksa esa oSQls dHkh&dHkh cnyko vk tkrk gSA fuf'pr :i ls bl lH;rk osQ dbZ igyw vkt Hkh gekjh tkudkjh ls ijs gSa vkSj gks ldrk gS] ges'kk gh jgsaA ikfjHkkf"kd 'kCn] LFkku rFkk dky ¯lèkq ?kkVh lH;rk dks gM+Iik laLÑfr Hkh dgk tkrk gSA iqjkrRofon ^laLÑfr* 'kCn dk iz;ksx iqjkoLrqvksa osQ ,sls lewg osQ fy, djrs gSa tks ,d fof'k"V 'kSyh osQ gksrs gSa vkSj lkekU;r;k ,d lkFk] ,d fo'ks"k HkkSxksfyd {ks=k rFkk dky&[kaM ls lac¼ ik, tkrs gSaA gM+Iik lH;rk osQ lanHkZ esa bu fof'k"V iqjkoLrqvksa esa eqgjsa] euosQ] ckV] iRFkj osQ iQyd (fp=k 1.2) vkSj idh gqbZ b±Vsa lfEefyr gSaA ;s oLrq,¡ vI + kQxkfuLrku] tEew] cywfpLrku (ikfdLrku) rFkk xqtjkr tSls {ks=kksa ls feyh gSa tks ,d nwljs ls yach nwjh ij fLFkr gSa (ekufp=k 1)A bl lH;rk dk ukedj.k] gM+Iik uked LFkku] tgk¡ ;g laLÑfr igyh ckj [kksth xbZ Fkh (i`"B 6)] osQ uke ij fd;k x;k gSA bldk dky fuèkkZj.k yxHkx 2600 vkSj 1900 bZlk iwoZ osQ chp fd;k x;k gSA bl {ks=k esa bl lH;rk ls igys vkSj ckn esa Hkh laLÑfr;k¡ vfLrRo esa Fkha ftUgsa Øe'k% vkjafHkd rFkk ijorhZ gM+Iik dgk tkrk gSA bu laLÑfr;ksa ls gM+Iik lH;rk dks vyx djus osQ fy, dHkh&dHkh bls fodflr gM+Iik laLÑfr Hkh dgk tkrk gSA fp=k 1.1 ,d gM+IikbZ eqgj fp=k 1.2 euosQ] ckV rFkk iQyd fo"k; ,d Hkkjrh; bfrgkl osQ oqQN fo"k; 2 2 2 2 2 ekufp=k 1 oqQN egRoiw.kZ fodflr gM+Iik iqjkLFky js[kkfp=k iSekuk ugha fn;k x;k gSA ekaMk gM+Iik cukoyh jk[khx<+h ferkFky xaosjhokyk dksVnhth pUgqnM+ks vkejh ckykdksV eksgutksnM+ks lqRdkxsaMksj èkkSykohjk yksFky ukxs'oj jaxiqj dkyhcaxu >sye psukc jkoh ¯lèk ;equk xaxk pacy lkcjerh vjc lkxj ekgh ueZnk lryt 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. vkjaHk bl {ks=k esa fodflr gM+Iik ls igys Hkh dbZ laLÑfr;k¡ vfLrRo esa FkhaA ;s laLÑfr;k¡ viuh fof'k"V e`nHkk.M 'kSyh ls lac¼ Fkha rFkk buosQ lanHkZ esa gesa Ñf"k] i'kqikyu rFkk oqQN f'kYidkjh osQ lk{; Hkh feyrs gSaA cfLr;k¡ vkerkSj ij NksVh gksrh Fkha vkSj buesa cM+s vkdkj dh lajpuk,¡ yxHkx u osQ cjkcj FkhaA oqQN LFkyksa ij cM+s iSekus ij bykdksa esa tyk, tkus osQ laosQrksa ls rFkk oqQN vU; LFkyksa osQ R;kx fn, tkus ls ,slk izrhr gksrk gS fd vkjafHkd gM+Iik rFkk gM+Iik lH;rk osQ chp Øe&Hkax FkkA 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. fuokZg osQ rjhosQ vkius ekufp=kksa (1 rFkk 2) esa ns[kk gksxk fd fodflr gM+Iik laLÑfr oqQN ,sls LFkkuksa ij iuih tgk¡ igys vkjafHkd gM+Iik laLÑfr;k¡ vfLrRo esa FkhaA bu laLÑfr;ksa esa dbZ rRo ftuesa fuokZg osQ rjhosQ 'kkfey gSa] leku FksA gM+Iik lH;rk osQ fuoklh dbZ izdkj osQ isM+&ikSèkksa ls izkIr mRikn vkSj tkuojksa ftuesa eNyh Hkh 'kkfey gS] ls izkIr Hkkstu djrs FksA tys vukt osQ nkuksa rFkk chtksa dh [kkst ls iqjkrRofon vkgkj lacaèkh vknrksa osQ fo"k; esa tkudkjh izkIr djus esa liQy gks ik, gSaA budk vè;;u iqjk&ouLifrK djrs gSa tks izkphu ouLifr osQ vè;;u vkjafHkd rFkk fodflr gM+Iik laLÑfr;k¡ ¯lèk vkSj pksfyLrku (Fkkj jsfxLrku ls yxk gqvk ikfdLrku dk jsfxLrkuh {ks=k) esa cfLr;ksa dh la[;k osQ lacaèk esa ;s vk¡dM+s nsf[k,A ¯lèk pksfyLrku cfLr;ksa dh oqQy 106 239 la[;k vkjafHkd gM+Iik 52 37 LFky fodflr gM+Iik 65 136 LFky u, LFkyksa ij 43 132 fodflr gM+Iik cfLr;k¡ R;kx fn, x, 29 33 vkjafHkd gM+Iik LFky vaxzs”kh esa ch-lh- (¯gnh esa bZ-iw-) dk rkRi;Z ^fciQksj ØkbLV* (bZlk iwoZ) ls gSA dHkh&dHkh vki frfFk;ksa ls igys ,-Mh- (¯gnh esa bZ-) fy[kk ikrs gSaA ;g ^,uks MkWfeuh* uked nks ySfVu 'kCnksa ls cuk gS rFkk bldk rkRi;Z bZlk elhg osQ tUe osQ o"kZ ls gSA vktdy ,- Mh- dh txg lh-bZ- rFkk ch-lh- dh txg ch-lh-bZ- dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA lh-bZ- v{kjksa dk iz;ksx ^dkWeu ,jk* rFkk ch-lh-bZ- dk ^fcI + kQksj dkWeu ,jk* osQ fy, gksrk gSA ge bu 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx blfy, djrs gSa D;ksafd fo'o osQ vfèkdka'k ns'kksa esa vc ^dkWeu ,jk* dk iz;ksx lkekU; gks x;k gSA dHkh&dHkh vaxzs”kh osQ ch-ih- v{kjksa dk iz;ksx gksrk gS] ftldk rkRi;Z ^fcI + kQksj izstsaV* gSA bl iqLrd esa geus ch-lh-bZ- osQ fy, bZ-iw-] lh-bZ- osQ fy, bZ- rFkk ch- ih- osQ fy, orZeku ls igys 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx fd;k gSARead More
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