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FAQs on Old NCERT Textbook (RS Sharma): Life in the Gupta Age - History for UPSC CSE

1. What was the significance of the Gupta Age in Indian history?
Ans. The Gupta Age was a period of great political, cultural, and economic prosperity in ancient India. It is often referred to as the "Golden Age" of India due to the advancements in art, science, literature, and trade during this time. The Gupta rulers promoted Hinduism and the caste system, and their reign witnessed the development of the decimal system, zero as a numerical concept, and the flourishing of Sanskrit literature and classical Indian dance and music.
2. How did the Gupta rulers contribute to the growth of trade and commerce during their reign?
Ans. The Gupta rulers played a significant role in promoting trade and commerce during their reign. They encouraged overseas trade by establishing contacts with the Roman Empire, Southeast Asia, and China. The Gupta rulers also issued gold coins that were widely accepted in regional and international trade. They constructed well-maintained roads and established a system of taxation, which facilitated trade and commerce. The growth of trade and commerce led to economic prosperity and the development of urban centers in the Gupta Age.
3. What were the major achievements in the field of science and mathematics during the Gupta Age?
Ans. The Gupta Age witnessed remarkable achievements in the field of science and mathematics. Indian mathematicians made significant contributions during this time, including the development of the decimal system and the concept of zero as a numerical digit. The mathematician Aryabhata calculated the value of pi and proposed the heliocentric theory. In the field of science, Gupta scholars made advancements in astronomy, medicine, and metallurgy. They accurately calculated the length of the solar year and developed various surgical techniques.
4. How did the Gupta Age contribute to the development of art and architecture?
Ans. The Gupta Age was a period of great artistic and architectural achievements. The Gupta rulers were great patrons of art and actively promoted it. They built magnificent temples, stupas, and monasteries, showcasing the fusion of Indian and Greco-Roman architectural styles. The famous rock-cut caves of Ajanta and Ellora exhibit exquisite paintings and sculptures depicting various aspects of life during that period. The Gupta rulers also commissioned numerous sculptures, including the iconic standing Buddha statues, which are considered masterpieces of Indian art.
5. What were the social and cultural aspects of life during the Gupta Age?
Ans. The Gupta Age witnessed a strong influence of Hinduism on society and culture. The Gupta rulers were patrons of Hinduism and encouraged the practice of Brahmanical rituals and the caste system. Sanskrit literature flourished during this time, with notable works like the Ramayana and Mahabharata being composed or revised. Classical Indian dance and music also reached new heights of sophistication and refinement. The Gupta society was predominantly agrarian, with the majority of the population engaged in farming.
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