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 Page 1


Challenges to Democracy
101
Chapter 8
Challenges to
Democracy
Overview
This concluding chapter draws upon all that you have learnt in the
last two years so as to address the fundamental questions of
democratic politics : What are the challenges that democracy faces
in our country and elsewhere? What can be done to reform democratic
politics? How can our democracy become more democratic in its
practice and outcomes? This chapter does not answer these
questions. It only makes some suggestions about the way in which
we can approach the questions of challenges and reforms. It invites
you to think on your own and come up with your own reading of
the challenges, your recipe of how to overcome these and your own
definition of democracy.
2022-23
Page 2


Challenges to Democracy
101
Chapter 8
Challenges to
Democracy
Overview
This concluding chapter draws upon all that you have learnt in the
last two years so as to address the fundamental questions of
democratic politics : What are the challenges that democracy faces
in our country and elsewhere? What can be done to reform democratic
politics? How can our democracy become more democratic in its
practice and outcomes? This chapter does not answer these
questions. It only makes some suggestions about the way in which
we can approach the questions of challenges and reforms. It invites
you to think on your own and come up with your own reading of
the challenges, your recipe of how to overcome these and your own
definition of democracy.
2022-23
102
Democratic Politics
Thinking about challenges
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ?? ?? ? ? ? ??
???????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ???? ???????
???????????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ??
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???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???????????
??? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ???
?????? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ??
?????????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????
?????????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????????? ???? ????? ????
???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???????????
??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????????
??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ????
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ?
?? ?? ???? ? ? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ? ? ???? ?? ???
????????????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ???
?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????????
????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????????? ???? ?????????
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
?????? ????? ???????
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? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
??????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????????????
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???? ????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ????
????????? ????????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????????????
???????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ???????????
??????????? ???? ????????????? ?? ?????????? ???
??????????? ??????
????? ??? ???? ???????????? ???????????? ????? ???
??? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ????????? ???
?????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ???
???? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????
?????????????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????
????????????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ????
????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????
???????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ????
?????????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?
???? ??? ????? ????? ??????????
???? ?????? ?????????? ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ?
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????? ????????? ?????????????? ??? ???? ????????????? ???
?????????? ??? ??????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?
???? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????????????? ??
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
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? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
?????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???????
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??????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
2022-23
Page 3


Challenges to Democracy
101
Chapter 8
Challenges to
Democracy
Overview
This concluding chapter draws upon all that you have learnt in the
last two years so as to address the fundamental questions of
democratic politics : What are the challenges that democracy faces
in our country and elsewhere? What can be done to reform democratic
politics? How can our democracy become more democratic in its
practice and outcomes? This chapter does not answer these
questions. It only makes some suggestions about the way in which
we can approach the questions of challenges and reforms. It invites
you to think on your own and come up with your own reading of
the challenges, your recipe of how to overcome these and your own
definition of democracy.
2022-23
102
Democratic Politics
Thinking about challenges
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ?? ?? ? ? ? ??
???????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ???? ???????
???????????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ??
??????????? ??? ???? ????????????? ??????? ??? ????
???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???????????
??? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ???
?????? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ??
?????????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????
?????????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????????? ???? ????? ????
???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???????????
??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????????
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?? ?? ???? ? ? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ? ? ???? ?? ???
????????????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ???
?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????????
????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????????? ???? ?????????
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
?????? ????? ???????
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???????????? ? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????
? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
??????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????????????
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???? ????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ????
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????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ????
????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????
???????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ????
?????????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?
???? ??? ????? ????? ??????????
???? ?????? ?????????? ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ?
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???????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????????
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?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????
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??????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
2022-23
Challenges to Democracy
103
Different contexts, different challenges
??? ?? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??????? ? ?????????? ?? ? ????????? ??? ?????????? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? ? ? ? ? ???? ???????? ? ? ? ?? ????? ?????? ??
??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????
???????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????????
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ????????? ?????
© Patrick Chappatte - Cagle Cartoons Inc.
© Ares - Cagle Cartoons Inc.
© Tab - The Calgary Sun, Cagle Cartoons Inc.
© Ares - Best Latin America, Cagle Cartoons Inc.
2022-23
Page 4


Challenges to Democracy
101
Chapter 8
Challenges to
Democracy
Overview
This concluding chapter draws upon all that you have learnt in the
last two years so as to address the fundamental questions of
democratic politics : What are the challenges that democracy faces
in our country and elsewhere? What can be done to reform democratic
politics? How can our democracy become more democratic in its
practice and outcomes? This chapter does not answer these
questions. It only makes some suggestions about the way in which
we can approach the questions of challenges and reforms. It invites
you to think on your own and come up with your own reading of
the challenges, your recipe of how to overcome these and your own
definition of democracy.
2022-23
102
Democratic Politics
Thinking about challenges
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ?? ?? ? ? ? ??
???????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ???? ???????
???????????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ??
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???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???????????
??? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ???
?????? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ??
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???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???????????
??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????????
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?? ?? ???? ? ? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ? ? ???? ?? ???
????????????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ???
?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????????
????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????????? ???? ?????????
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?????? ????? ???????
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???? ??? ????? ????? ??????????
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????? ????????? ?????????????? ??? ???? ????????????? ???
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???? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????????????? ??
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?????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???????
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?????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??
???? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????
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??? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ? ?? ??
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???????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????????
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? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
??????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
2022-23
Challenges to Democracy
103
Different contexts, different challenges
??? ?? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??????? ? ?????????? ?? ? ????????? ??? ?????????? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? ? ? ? ? ???? ???????? ? ? ? ?? ????? ?????? ??
??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????
???????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????????
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ????????? ?????
© Patrick Chappatte - Cagle Cartoons Inc.
© Ares - Cagle Cartoons Inc.
© Tab - The Calgary Sun, Cagle Cartoons Inc.
© Ares - Best Latin America, Cagle Cartoons Inc.
2022-23
104
Democratic Politics
????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ??? ????
?????????
???????? ? ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ??
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2022-23
Page 5


Challenges to Democracy
101
Chapter 8
Challenges to
Democracy
Overview
This concluding chapter draws upon all that you have learnt in the
last two years so as to address the fundamental questions of
democratic politics : What are the challenges that democracy faces
in our country and elsewhere? What can be done to reform democratic
politics? How can our democracy become more democratic in its
practice and outcomes? This chapter does not answer these
questions. It only makes some suggestions about the way in which
we can approach the questions of challenges and reforms. It invites
you to think on your own and come up with your own reading of
the challenges, your recipe of how to overcome these and your own
definition of democracy.
2022-23
102
Democratic Politics
Thinking about challenges
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ?? ?? ? ? ? ??
???????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ???? ???????
???????????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ??
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??? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ???
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?? ?? ???? ? ? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ? ? ???? ?? ???
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FAQs on NCERT Textbook: Challenges to Democracy - Class 10

1. What are the main challenges to democracy discussed in the NCERT textbook?

Ans. The main challenges to democracy discussed in the NCERT textbook include social and economic inequalities, the issue of caste discrimination, communalism, and the challenge of deepening of democracy.

2. How does social and economic inequality pose a challenge to democracy?

Ans. Social and economic inequality pose a challenge to democracy as they create divisions in society and hinder equal participation and representation. It leads to the marginalization of certain sections of society, limiting their ability to exercise their democratic rights effectively.

3. What is the role of caste discrimination as a challenge to democracy?

Ans. Caste discrimination is a challenge to democracy as it promotes social exclusion and inequality. It restricts the participation and representation of marginalized castes in the political process, thereby undermining the principles of equality and equal opportunity in a democratic society.

4. How does communalism pose a challenge to democracy?

Ans. Communalism poses a challenge to democracy by promoting religious divisions and conflicts. It undermines the idea of secularism, which is a crucial aspect of democracy. Communal tensions can lead to violence and social unrest, thereby hampering the functioning of a democratic society.

5. What does the challenge of deepening of democracy refer to?

Ans. The challenge of deepening of democracy refers to the need for continuous improvement and expansion of democratic institutions and practices. It involves enhancing citizen participation, ensuring transparency and accountability, and addressing the concerns of marginalized sections of society. This challenge arises from the constant evolution and changing needs of a democratic society.

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