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FAQs on Old NCERT Textbook (Bipan Chandra): The Decline of Mughal Empire - Old & New NCERTs for IAS Preparation (Must Read) - UPSC

1. What were the major factors contributing to the decline of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. The decline of the Mughal Empire can be attributed to various factors such as weak successors, regional rebellions, administrative and financial mismanagement, religious intolerance, and the emergence of regional powers.
2. How did weak successors contribute to the decline of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. Weak successors, who lacked the political acumen and leadership qualities of their predecessors, led to a decline in the authority and control of the Mughal Empire. Their inability to effectively govern and make crucial decisions weakened the empire, allowing regional powers to rise and challenge their authority.
3. What role did regional rebellions play in the decline of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. Regional rebellions played a significant role in the decline of the Mughal Empire. Various provinces and local rulers revolted against the central authority, seeking autonomy and control over their territories. These rebellions not only weakened the empire by fragmenting its territories but also drained its resources and military strength.
4. How did administrative and financial mismanagement contribute to the decline of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. Administrative and financial mismanagement were major factors in the decline of the Mughal Empire. The inefficient administration led to corruption, inefficiency, and the breakdown of law and order. The empire also faced financial difficulties due to excessive military expenditures, lack of revenue reforms, and the heavy burden of maintaining a large standing army.
5. How did the emergence of regional powers contribute to the decline of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. The emergence of regional powers, such as the Marathas, Rajputs, and Sikhs, challenged the authority of the Mughal Empire and contributed to its decline. These regional powers sought to assert their independence and expand their territories, often engaging in conflicts with the Mughals. The empire's inability to subdue or integrate these regional powers further weakened its hold over the subcontinent.
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