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FAQs on Old NCERT Textbook (Bipan Chandra): Administrative Changes After 1858 - Old & New NCERTs for IAS Preparation (Must Read) - UPSC

1. What were the administrative changes introduced in India after 1858?
Ans. After 1858, India underwent significant administrative changes under British rule. The British government abolished the East India Company's rule and took over the direct control of India. This marked the beginning of the British Raj. The administrative changes included the centralization of power, the establishment of a new administrative structure, and the introduction of various policies and legislations to govern the country.
2. How did the centralization of power affect the administrative system in India after 1858?
Ans. The centralization of power in India after 1858 resulted in a significant transformation of the administrative system. The British government established the Secretary of State for India, who became the ultimate authority in governing India. The Viceroy, appointed by the British Crown, represented the government and exercised executive, legislative, and military powers. The centralization of power led to a more efficient and unified administrative structure.
3. What were the key features of the new administrative structure introduced after 1858?
Ans. The new administrative structure introduced after 1858 had several key features. The Indian Civil Service (ICS) was established to recruit British officers for administrative positions. District administration became the cornerstone of the administrative system, with the Collector as the central figure. The introduction of a hierarchy of administrative divisions, such as provinces, districts, and sub-districts, provided a clear framework for governance. The system also emphasized revenue collection and law and order maintenance.
4. How did the British government implement policies and legislation to govern India after 1858?
Ans. The British government introduced various policies and legislation to govern India after 1858. The Indian Penal Code and the Criminal Procedure Code were implemented to establish a uniform legal framework. The Land Revenue System was reformed to enhance revenue collection and increase agricultural productivity. The British also introduced the system of local self-government, with the establishment of municipal bodies and local boards. These policies aimed to regulate and control various aspects of Indian society.
5. What were the consequences of the administrative changes after 1858 on the Indian population?
Ans. The administrative changes after 1858 had significant consequences for the Indian population. The centralization of power led to a loss of autonomy and self-governance for the Indians. The introduction of policies and legislation often favored British interests and undermined Indian communities. The new administrative structure also resulted in the exploitation of resources and the imposition of heavy taxation on the Indian population. These changes contributed to the growth of nationalist movements and resistance against British rule in India.
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