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Page 1
??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????
?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?????
???????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ( Climate Resilient Observing Systems Promotion
Council- CROPC) ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????, ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? 2019-20 ??? ????
37% ?? ??? ?? ???
z CROPC ?? ???-????????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? (India Meteorological Department- IMD)
?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???
?????? ?????:
???? ???????:
z ???? 2019-20 ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? 33% ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???
???????? ????:
z ????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????- ?????? ????????, ???? ?? ?????, ?? ???????? ??? ????, ????????????? (Concretisation), ??????
???????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????
??????? ???
?????:
z ??????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? (Lightning Resilient India Campaign) ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????
??? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????
? IMD ?? CROPC ?? ????-???? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???????
????? ??????? ????????? (Indian Meteorological Society- IMS), ???-??????? ???????, IIT ????? ???? ???
??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???
z ????????, ????? ???????, ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????????
? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???
? ??????????? - ?????????, ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???, ????? ????? ????? ??? - ?? ??????? ?? ????????
?????????: ?????? ??? ??? ????
z ????????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????
z ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????
? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ???
z ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????????? (National Disaster Management Authority- NDMA) ?? ??????? ???
?????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????-?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ????????????
?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????, “????????? ?? ???????-??????? ???????????” ?? ???????? ???
z ????? ?? ???????, ???????? ????????, ?????? ???????, ???? ???????? ?? ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????
??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???
Page 2
??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????
?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?????
???????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ( Climate Resilient Observing Systems Promotion
Council- CROPC) ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????, ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? 2019-20 ??? ????
37% ?? ??? ?? ???
z CROPC ?? ???-????????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? (India Meteorological Department- IMD)
?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???
?????? ?????:
???? ???????:
z ???? 2019-20 ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? 33% ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???
???????? ????:
z ????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????- ?????? ????????, ???? ?? ?????, ?? ???????? ??? ????, ????????????? (Concretisation), ??????
???????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????
??????? ???
?????:
z ??????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? (Lightning Resilient India Campaign) ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????
??? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????
? IMD ?? CROPC ?? ????-???? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???????
????? ??????? ????????? (Indian Meteorological Society- IMS), ???-??????? ???????, IIT ????? ???? ???
??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???
z ????????, ????? ???????, ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????????
? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???
? ??????????? - ?????????, ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???, ????? ????? ????? ??? - ?? ??????? ?? ????????
?????????: ?????? ??? ??? ????
z ????????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????
z ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????
? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ???
z ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????????? (National Disaster Management Authority- NDMA) ?? ??????? ???
?????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????-?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ????????????
?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????, “????????? ?? ???????-??????? ???????????” ?? ???????? ???
z ????? ?? ???????, ???????? ????????, ?????? ???????, ???? ???????? ?? ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????
??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???
? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????, ??? ?? ????????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???????
?????? ?????
????
z ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???
????? ???-??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ???
z ????-?????? ?? ???????-?????? (IC) ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ???
z ?????? ?? ??????? (CG) ??????? ?????, ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ???? ??
????? ?????????? ????? ??, ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???
?????????
z ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???
? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? 10-12 ????. ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???, ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????
1-2 ????. ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? -35 ????? ???????? ?? -45 ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???
z ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ??, ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ????
??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??, ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????-???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ???, ??
?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????
???, ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????
z ???? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??, ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????
???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????????????
??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ???
z ?? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??, ???? ??? ???
?????????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???
z ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???????????? (?????? ??????) ????????? ????? ???? ???
? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???
? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???
? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??? ???
?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???
z ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???????????? ?????
??? ????????? 20-25 ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ???
? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ???
z ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ???
? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??, ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??
???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???
z ????????????? ??? (??????????) ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????????? ???? ????? ????
? ??????????? ???, ????? ??????????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? 260 ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?????
?? ??????? ???? ??? 28 ???? ????? ????? ??, ?? ????? ??? ‘???? ?? ????????????’ ??? ‘? ???????????? ??????’ ?? ??? ??? ??????
?????? ???
Page 3
??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????
?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?????
???????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ( Climate Resilient Observing Systems Promotion
Council- CROPC) ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????, ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? 2019-20 ??? ????
37% ?? ??? ?? ???
z CROPC ?? ???-????????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? (India Meteorological Department- IMD)
?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???
?????? ?????:
???? ???????:
z ???? 2019-20 ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? 33% ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???
???????? ????:
z ????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????- ?????? ????????, ???? ?? ?????, ?? ???????? ??? ????, ????????????? (Concretisation), ??????
???????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????
??????? ???
?????:
z ??????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? (Lightning Resilient India Campaign) ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????
??? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????
? IMD ?? CROPC ?? ????-???? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???????
????? ??????? ????????? (Indian Meteorological Society- IMS), ???-??????? ???????, IIT ????? ???? ???
??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???
z ????????, ????? ???????, ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????????
? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???
? ??????????? - ?????????, ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???, ????? ????? ????? ??? - ?? ??????? ?? ????????
?????????: ?????? ??? ??? ????
z ????????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????
z ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????
? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ???
z ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????????? (National Disaster Management Authority- NDMA) ?? ??????? ???
?????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????-?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ????????????
?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????, “????????? ?? ???????-??????? ???????????” ?? ???????? ???
z ????? ?? ???????, ???????? ????????, ?????? ???????, ???? ???????? ?? ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????
??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???
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?????? ?????
????
z ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???
????? ???-??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ???
z ????-?????? ?? ???????-?????? (IC) ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ???
z ?????? ?? ??????? (CG) ??????? ?????, ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ???? ??
????? ?????????? ????? ??, ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???
?????????
z ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???
? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? 10-12 ????. ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???, ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????
1-2 ????. ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? -35 ????? ???????? ?? -45 ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???
z ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ??, ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ????
??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??, ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????-???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ???, ??
?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????
???, ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????
z ???? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??, ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????
???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????????????
??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ???
z ?? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??, ???? ??? ???
?????????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???
z ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???????????? (?????? ??????) ????????? ????? ???? ???
? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???
? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???
? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??? ???
?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???
z ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???????????? ?????
??? ????????? 20-25 ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ???
? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ???
z ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ???
? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??, ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??
???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???
z ????????????? ??? (??????????) ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????????? ???? ????? ????
? ??????????? ???, ????? ??????????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? 260 ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?????
?? ??????? ???? ??? 28 ???? ????? ????? ??, ?? ????? ??? ‘???? ?? ????????????’ ??? ‘? ???????????? ??????’ ?? ??? ??? ??????
?????? ???
????????????? (Concretisation)
z ???????????????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????-?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??, ????? ????? ??? ???-?? ???
????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ‘????? ??? ????’ ??? ????????? ??? ????? ????
? ‘????? ??? ????’ ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??, ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? 2°C ????
?????? ???
? ?????? ?? ???, ????? ???????? ???, ?????? ??? ???????, ???? ?? ??? ‘??? ???’ ??? ?????? ???? ???, ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???
????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??, ????? ???????????? ???? ????? ‘?????
??? ????’ ??? ????????? ??? ????? ????
z ????????????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??, ??? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????????
??? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???
?????? ?? ????? ??????
????? ??? ?????
??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ????????? (Atomic Minerals Directorate for Exploration and
Research- AMD) ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? (Lithium Resources) ?? ????????
??? ???? ???? ???
z AMD, ??????? ?????? ?????? ( Department of Atomic Energy) ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???
?????? ?????:
?????? ?? ???? ???:
z ???:
? ?? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? (Li) ??
? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???
? ????? ???????????? ???, ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???
? ?? ?????? ?????????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??: ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????
? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???
F ????? ??????? ??? ??????, ???????, ?????????, ????????, ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??????????? ?? ????
????? ?????-1 (group 1) ??? ????? ?????? (Periodic Table) ?? ??-???? (s-block) ??? ????? ??, ??? ????????
???? ????
F ?????? ??????? (Rare Metals- RM) ??? ?????????? (Nb), ??????? (Ta), ?????? (Li), ???????? (Be), ??????
(Cs) ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? (Rare Earths- RE) ??? ???????? (Sc) ???? ??????? (Y) ?? ??????? ?????????
(La) ?? ????????(Lu) ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????
• ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????????????, ??????????, ???????
?????????????, ???????, ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????
z ?????????:
? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???
F ??????? ?? ????- ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???, ?????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????
?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????
Page 4
??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????
?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?????
???????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ( Climate Resilient Observing Systems Promotion
Council- CROPC) ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????, ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? 2019-20 ??? ????
37% ?? ??? ?? ???
z CROPC ?? ???-????????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? (India Meteorological Department- IMD)
?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???
?????? ?????:
???? ???????:
z ???? 2019-20 ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? 33% ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???
???????? ????:
z ????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????- ?????? ????????, ???? ?? ?????, ?? ???????? ??? ????, ????????????? (Concretisation), ??????
???????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????
??????? ???
?????:
z ??????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? (Lightning Resilient India Campaign) ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????
??? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????
? IMD ?? CROPC ?? ????-???? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???????
????? ??????? ????????? (Indian Meteorological Society- IMS), ???-??????? ???????, IIT ????? ???? ???
??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???
z ????????, ????? ???????, ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????????
? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???
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z ????????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????
z ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????
? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ???
z ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????????? (National Disaster Management Authority- NDMA) ?? ??????? ???
?????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????-?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ????????????
?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????, “????????? ?? ???????-??????? ???????????” ?? ???????? ???
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?????? ?????
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????? ???-??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ???
z ????-?????? ?? ???????-?????? (IC) ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ???
z ?????? ?? ??????? (CG) ??????? ?????, ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ???? ??
????? ?????????? ????? ??, ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???
?????????
z ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???
? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? 10-12 ????. ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???, ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????
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z ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ??, ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ????
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??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ???
z ?? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??, ???? ??? ???
?????????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???
z ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???????????? (?????? ??????) ????????? ????? ???? ???
? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???
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z ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???????????? ?????
??? ????????? 20-25 ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ???
? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ???
z ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ???
? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??, ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??
???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???
z ????????????? ??? (??????????) ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????????? ???? ????? ????
? ??????????? ???, ????? ??????????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? 260 ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?????
?? ??????? ???? ??? 28 ???? ????? ????? ??, ?? ????? ??? ‘???? ?? ????????????’ ??? ‘? ???????????? ??????’ ?? ??? ??? ??????
?????? ???
????????????? (Concretisation)
z ???????????????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????-?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??, ????? ????? ??? ???-?? ???
????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ‘????? ??? ????’ ??? ????????? ??? ????? ????
? ‘????? ??? ????’ ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??, ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? 2°C ????
?????? ???
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????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??, ????? ???????????? ???? ????? ‘?????
??? ????’ ??? ????????? ??? ????? ????
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?????? ?? ????? ??????
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??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ????????? (Atomic Minerals Directorate for Exploration and
Research- AMD) ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? (Lithium Resources) ?? ????????
??? ???? ???? ???
z AMD, ??????? ?????? ?????? ( Department of Atomic Energy) ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???
?????? ?????:
?????? ?? ???? ???:
z ???:
? ?? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? (Li) ??
? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???
? ????? ???????????? ???, ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???
? ?? ?????? ?????????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??: ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????
? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???
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????? ?????-1 (group 1) ??? ????? ?????? (Periodic Table) ?? ??-???? (s-block) ??? ????? ??, ??? ????????
???? ????
F ?????? ??????? (Rare Metals- RM) ??? ?????????? (Nb), ??????? (Ta), ?????? (Li), ???????? (Be), ??????
(Cs) ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? (Rare Earths- RE) ??? ???????? (Sc) ???? ??????? (Y) ?? ??????? ?????????
(La) ?? ????????(Lu) ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????
• ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????????????, ??????????, ???????
?????????????, ???????, ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????
z ?????????:
? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???
F ??????? ?? ????- ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???, ?????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????
?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????
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? ???????????????? ??? ?????? ????
? ??????????? ?????, ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??? ???
??????? ??? ?????? ??????:
z ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? (Mandya District) ?? ???????????-?????????? (Marlagalla-Allapatna) ?????
?? ????? ???????? (Igneous Rocks) ??? 1,600 ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ???
????? ?????? ?? ???:
z ???? ???? ?? ?? ????:
? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??
???????, ???? 2016-17 ?? ???? 2019-20 ?? ??? 165 ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???, ????? ????? ??
??? ???? 3.3 ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???
z ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???:
? ??? ??????-??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????
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????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????:
z ?? ?? ???? ??? ‘???????’ (Inferred) ????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ???
? ‘???????’ (‘Inferred) ????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??, ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????
???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???
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?? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???
z ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??, ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??, ?? ??????????? ?????
?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???
? ???? 2021 ??? ??-??? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ????????????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ? ?? ????????? ???
???????? ????
z ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???-??? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???
? ???? ??? ???????? (Brine Pool) ??? ???? ??????????
F ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????(Seafloor Depression) ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???
F ??????? ?? ????: ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????????
? ???? ??? ??????-??? ???????? (?? ?????-??? ????)
F ???????: ???????? ??? ???? ???
??? ??????? ????
z ?????????, ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????
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Page 5
??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????
?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?????
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Council- CROPC) ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????, ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? 2019-20 ??? ????
37% ?? ??? ?? ???
z CROPC ?? ???-????????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? (India Meteorological Department- IMD)
?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???
?????? ?????:
???? ???????:
z ???? 2019-20 ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? 33% ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???
???????? ????:
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???????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????
??????? ???
?????:
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??? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????
? IMD ?? CROPC ?? ????-???? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???????
????? ??????? ????????? (Indian Meteorological Society- IMS), ???-??????? ???????, IIT ????? ???? ???
??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???
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z ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????????? (National Disaster Management Authority- NDMA) ?? ??????? ???
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z ????-?????? ?? ???????-?????? (IC) ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ???
z ?????? ?? ??????? (CG) ??????? ?????, ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ???? ??
????? ?????????? ????? ??, ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???
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1-2 ????. ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? -35 ????? ???????? ?? -45 ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???
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?????? ???
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??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ????????? (Atomic Minerals Directorate for Exploration and
Research- AMD) ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? (Lithium Resources) ?? ????????
??? ???? ???? ???
z AMD, ??????? ?????? ?????? ( Department of Atomic Energy) ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???
?????? ?????:
?????? ?? ???? ???:
z ???:
? ?? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? (Li) ??
? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???
? ????? ???????????? ???, ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???
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? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???
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????? ?????-1 (group 1) ??? ????? ?????? (Periodic Table) ?? ??-???? (s-block) ??? ????? ??, ??? ????????
???? ????
F ?????? ??????? (Rare Metals- RM) ??? ?????????? (Nb), ??????? (Ta), ?????? (Li), ???????? (Be), ??????
(Cs) ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? (Rare Earths- RE) ??? ???????? (Sc) ???? ??????? (Y) ?? ??????? ?????????
(La) ?? ????????(Lu) ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????
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z ?????????:
? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???
F ??????? ?? ????- ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???, ?????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????
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z ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? (Mandya District) ?? ???????????-?????????? (Marlagalla-Allapatna) ?????
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????? ?????? ?? ???:
z ???? ???? ?? ?? ????:
? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??
???????, ???? 2016-17 ?? ???? 2019-20 ?? ??? 165 ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???, ????? ????? ??
??? ???? 3.3 ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???
z ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???:
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????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????:
z ?? ?? ???? ??? ‘???????’ (Inferred) ????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ???
? ‘???????’ (‘Inferred) ????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??, ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????
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?? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???
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? ???? 2021 ??? ??-??? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ????????????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ? ?? ????????? ???
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z ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???-??? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???
? ???? ??? ???????? (Brine Pool) ??? ???? ??????????
F ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????(Seafloor Depression) ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???
F ??????? ?? ????: ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????????
? ???? ??? ??????-??? ???????? (?? ?????-??? ????)
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??? ???????? (Vanadium) ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????
z GSI ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?????????? ???
?????? ?????:
???????? ?? ???? ???:
z ???????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? (V) ???
z ?? ?? ?????? ???? (Scarce Element) ?? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????, ????? ???, ???????
?? ????? ?????? ????? (Transition Metal) ???
? ????? ?????? (Periodic Table) ??? 3-12 ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????
?? ????-???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????
z ???????? ?? ????:
? ???????????? (Patronite), ???????????? (Vanadinite), ???????????? (Roscoelite) ?? ???????????? (Carnotite)?
z ?????:
? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? (Alloying Element) ?? ??? ??? ????
????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???
? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? (Vanadium Secondary
Batteries) ???? ???? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ????? (Rechargeable Vanadium
Redox Battery- VRB) ?????? ????
? ???????? ??? ?????????-???????? ????? (Neutron-Absorbing Properties) ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????
??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? (Nuclear Reactors) ??? ????? ?????? ???
??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? :
z ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? (Papum Pare District) ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? (Depo and Tamang
Areas) ??? ?????-?????????????? ??? ?? ?????????? ????????? ???????? (Carbonaceous Phyllite Rocks) ??? ????????
?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????
? ????????? (Phyllite) ?? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?????? (Metamorphic Rock) ??, ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???
???? ???? ?????? ?????????, ???? ??????? ???????? (Parent Sedimentary Rocks) ?? ?????????????
(Recrystallization) ?? ?????? ???
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Document Description: Geography and Disaster Management (भूगोल एवं आपदा प्रबंधन): January 2021 UPSC Current Affairs for UPSC 2024 is part of Current Affairs (Hindi): Daily, Weekly & Monthly preparation.
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