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Page 1
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z ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ??, ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????, ???? 335 ????? ???
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? ??????? ???? 2068 ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????
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z ??? ??? ??? 5 ?????, 2021 ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? 17 ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ????? ???
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???????: ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???:
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? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????????, ?????? ??? ??????, ?? ???????? ???? ??? 1.1 ?? 1.9 ??????
???????? ????? ????
z ????? ????
? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???, ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????, ??????? ?? ????? ?????
??? ????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ???? 2011 ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????
Page 2
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????? ??? ?????
??? ??? ??? ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????????? (NASA) ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? 100 ????? ?? ??????? ??
??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???
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????
z ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ??, ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????, ???? 335 ????? ???
??? ?? ???
z ???? 2004 ??? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???
??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ?? ??, ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???
? ?????? ??? ???? 2029 ?? ???? 2036 ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ???, ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ??
????? ?? ???? ???
? ??????? ???? 2068 ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????
?????? ?????
z ??? ??? ??? 5 ?????, 2021 ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? 17 ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ????? ???
????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????
??????- ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??:
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z ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????
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z ???? ??? ??????, ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? 9,94,383 ??, ????? ??????? 4.6 ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???
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???????: ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???:
z ???? ????
? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????????, ?????? ??? ??????, ?? ???????? ???? ??? 1.1 ?? 1.9 ??????
???????? ????? ????
z ????? ????
? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???, ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????, ??????? ?? ????? ?????
??? ????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ???? 2011 ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????
z ?????? ????
? ????? ????-???? ???????? (NEA) ????? ???? ???, ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???
???? ??? ????? ???? -??????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? 10,000 ?? ???? ????-???? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??, ?????? ??
1,400 ?? ???? ?? ‘??????? ?????? ????????’ (PHAs) ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???
? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????-???? ?????? ????? (CNEOS) ?? ?????????? (?? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???) ??? ??? ?? ?????
?? ????????? ???? ???
‘??????? ?????? ????????’ (PHAs)
z ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???
z ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ‘?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????’ (MOID) 0.05 ??????? ???? (???? 7,480,000
Km) ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? (H) 22.0 (???? 150 MT ????) ??, ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???
? ‘?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????’ ?? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??
???? ???
? ??????? ???? (AU) ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? 150 ?????? ?????. ???
? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??, ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??????
z ?????? ?? ‘??????? ?????? ????????’ (PHAs) ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???
?????-19 ?? ???? ???????
????? ??? ?????
??? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? (Indian Council of Medical Research- ICMR) ??? ??????????? ??
?? ???? ????? 1,300 ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????
z ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? 1,300 ????? ??? ?? 58 ??????? 4.5 ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????
????? ?????:
z ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????:
? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ???
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????????? ????? ??????:
z ?? ??? ?????? SARS-CoV-2 ???? ???? ????? (Respiratory Virus) ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???????
?????? ??? ????? ??????? (Viral Receptor) ??? ??? ????? ???? ????
z ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??-??-?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??. ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????????
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Page 3
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??? ??? ??? ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????????? (NASA) ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? 100 ????? ?? ??????? ??
??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???
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????
z ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ??, ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????, ???? 335 ????? ???
??? ?? ???
z ???? 2004 ??? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???
??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ?? ??, ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???
? ?????? ??? ???? 2029 ?? ???? 2036 ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ???, ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ??
????? ?? ???? ???
? ??????? ???? 2068 ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????
?????? ?????
z ??? ??? ??? 5 ?????, 2021 ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? 17 ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ????? ???
????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????
??????- ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??:
????????
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z ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????
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z ???? ??? ??????, ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? 9,94,383 ??, ????? ??????? 4.6 ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???
???
???????: ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???:
z ???? ????
? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????????, ?????? ??? ??????, ?? ???????? ???? ??? 1.1 ?? 1.9 ??????
???????? ????? ????
z ????? ????
? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???, ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????, ??????? ?? ????? ?????
??? ????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ???? 2011 ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????
z ?????? ????
? ????? ????-???? ???????? (NEA) ????? ???? ???, ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???
???? ??? ????? ???? -??????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? 10,000 ?? ???? ????-???? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??, ?????? ??
1,400 ?? ???? ?? ‘??????? ?????? ????????’ (PHAs) ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???
? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????-???? ?????? ????? (CNEOS) ?? ?????????? (?? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???) ??? ??? ?? ?????
?? ????????? ???? ???
‘??????? ?????? ????????’ (PHAs)
z ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???
z ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ‘?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????’ (MOID) 0.05 ??????? ???? (???? 7,480,000
Km) ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? (H) 22.0 (???? 150 MT ????) ??, ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???
? ‘?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????’ ?? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??
???? ???
? ??????? ???? (AU) ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? 150 ?????? ?????. ???
? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??, ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??????
z ?????? ?? ‘??????? ?????? ????????’ (PHAs) ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???
?????-19 ?? ???? ???????
????? ??? ?????
??? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? (Indian Council of Medical Research- ICMR) ??? ??????????? ??
?? ???? ????? 1,300 ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????
z ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? 1,300 ????? ??? ?? 58 ??????? 4.5 ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????
????? ?????:
z ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????:
? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ???
? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???
? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????
??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???
? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? (Persistent Viral Shedding) ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??
??????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???
????????? ????? ??????:
z ?? ??? ?????? SARS-CoV-2 ???? ???? ????? (Respiratory Virus) ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???????
?????? ??? ????? ??????? (Viral Receptor) ??? ??? ????? ???? ????
z ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??-??-?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??. ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????????
???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???
z ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???
z ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????:
? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????
????????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???
? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????-19 ???????? (Covid-19 Pandemic) ?? ??????? ???? ???
?????????? ?? ????? ???
? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?????
? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????
???? ?????
? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???????
z ???? ?????? ?? ????????:
? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? (Genome sequence analysis)
???? ????
? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???
? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????
? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???, ????? ????? ?? ?? ?????
? ?? ?????? ICMR ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? 102 ????? ??? ????? ??-??-??
?? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????
? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? (Centers for Disease Control- CDC) ??? ??????, ????? ?????? ??? ???? 90
????? ?? ??? ???? ???
z ???? ?????? ??? ????:
? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??, ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??????
?? ??????? ?? ?? ???
? ??? ?????? ??? ???-??? ?? ????? ???, ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????
z ???? ?????? ?? ?????????:
? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? (Permanent Immunity) ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???
? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???
? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????
?? ???????
??????? ??????? ???????? ?????:
z ??????? ???????????? ???????? ????? (ICMR) ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????, ????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????
???
z ICMR ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????, ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ?? ???????/??????????
??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ???
z ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????, ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ???
Page 4
??????? ??? ???????????? ??????? ??? ????????????
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??? ??? ??? ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????????? (NASA) ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? 100 ????? ?? ??????? ??
??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???
????? ?????
????
z ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ??, ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????, ???? 335 ????? ???
??? ?? ???
z ???? 2004 ??? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???
??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ?? ??, ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???
? ?????? ??? ???? 2029 ?? ???? 2036 ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ???, ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ??
????? ?? ???? ???
? ??????? ???? 2068 ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????
?????? ?????
z ??? ??? ??? 5 ?????, 2021 ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? 17 ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ????? ???
????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????
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????????
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z ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????
???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???
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z ???? ??? ??????, ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? 9,94,383 ??, ????? ??????? 4.6 ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???
???
???????: ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???:
z ???? ????
? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????????, ?????? ??? ??????, ?? ???????? ???? ??? 1.1 ?? 1.9 ??????
???????? ????? ????
z ????? ????
? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???, ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????, ??????? ?? ????? ?????
??? ????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ???? 2011 ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????
z ?????? ????
? ????? ????-???? ???????? (NEA) ????? ???? ???, ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???
???? ??? ????? ???? -??????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? 10,000 ?? ???? ????-???? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??, ?????? ??
1,400 ?? ???? ?? ‘??????? ?????? ????????’ (PHAs) ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???
? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????-???? ?????? ????? (CNEOS) ?? ?????????? (?? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???) ??? ??? ?? ?????
?? ????????? ???? ???
‘??????? ?????? ????????’ (PHAs)
z ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???
z ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ‘?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????’ (MOID) 0.05 ??????? ???? (???? 7,480,000
Km) ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? (H) 22.0 (???? 150 MT ????) ??, ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???
? ‘?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????’ ?? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??
???? ???
? ??????? ???? (AU) ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? 150 ?????? ?????. ???
? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??, ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??????
z ?????? ?? ‘??????? ?????? ????????’ (PHAs) ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???
?????-19 ?? ???? ???????
????? ??? ?????
??? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? (Indian Council of Medical Research- ICMR) ??? ??????????? ??
?? ???? ????? 1,300 ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????
z ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? 1,300 ????? ??? ?? 58 ??????? 4.5 ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????
????? ?????:
z ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????:
? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ???
? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???
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??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???
? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? (Persistent Viral Shedding) ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??
??????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???
????????? ????? ??????:
z ?? ??? ?????? SARS-CoV-2 ???? ???? ????? (Respiratory Virus) ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???????
?????? ??? ????? ??????? (Viral Receptor) ??? ??? ????? ???? ????
z ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??-??-?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??. ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????????
???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???
z ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???
z ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????:
? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????
????????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???
? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????-19 ???????? (Covid-19 Pandemic) ?? ??????? ???? ???
?????????? ?? ????? ???
? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?????
? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????
???? ?????
? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???????
z ???? ?????? ?? ????????:
? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? (Genome sequence analysis)
???? ????
? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???
? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????
? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???, ????? ????? ?? ?? ?????
? ?? ?????? ICMR ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? 102 ????? ??? ????? ??-??-??
?? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????
? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? (Centers for Disease Control- CDC) ??? ??????, ????? ?????? ??? ???? 90
????? ?? ??? ???? ???
z ???? ?????? ??? ????:
? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??, ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??????
?? ??????? ?? ?? ???
? ??? ?????? ??? ???-??? ?? ????? ???, ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????
z ???? ?????? ?? ?????????:
? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? (Permanent Immunity) ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???
? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???
? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????
?? ???????
??????? ??????? ???????? ?????:
z ??????? ???????????? ???????? ????? (ICMR) ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????, ????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????
???
z ICMR ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????, ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ?? ???????/??????????
??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ???
z ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????, ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ???
????? -19 ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????
????? ??? ?????
????? -19 ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? (???? ????????????? ??????) ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??
???? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ???
z ????????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? (??????????) ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???
????? ?????:
????????? ??? ?????:
z ?????????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???:
? ????????? (Geophony) : ???-????? ????????? ?????? (????: ?????, ????? ?? ?????????) ?? ?????? ????????
? ?????????(Biophony): ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?
? ??????????(Anthrophony): ???? ????? ?????? ??????? (?????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? )?
z ???? 2021 ??? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ‘? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ??? ???????’ ??? ??????, ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ??
????????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?? ????? ???
? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???
?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???:
z ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? (??????????? ??? , ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ???) ?????-
???????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????????????(????) ????
z ???????? ??? ???????? ??? ???, ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? (??????) ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???
z ????? ??? ‘??????? ??? ??????????’ ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????? ???? 1.5dB ?? ???? ???????? ???, ?????
???????? 100 ????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????
?????????? ?? ?????
z ?????????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ????, ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????
????, ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??|
z ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????, ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???
????????????? ???? ??????? ????? (IQOE)
z ?? ????????, ???????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ???
???? ?? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ???
z ?? ???????? ?? ???? 2015-2025 ?? ????????? ?? I IQOE ???? ?? ????? -19 ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????
???? ???
z IQOE ??????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ????
????? ?? ?? ?? COVID-19 ???????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????
z IQOE ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 200 ?? ???? ???-???? ????????? (??????? ??? ??? ?????????) ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??
???
? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???
?????? (????? ??? ?? ????? ???) ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???
Page 5
??????? ??? ???????????? ??????? ??? ????????????
?????? ????????
????? ??? ?????
??? ??? ??? ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????????? (NASA) ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? 100 ????? ?? ??????? ??
??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???
????? ?????
????
z ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ??, ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????, ???? 335 ????? ???
??? ?? ???
z ???? 2004 ??? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???
??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ?? ??, ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???
? ?????? ??? ???? 2029 ?? ???? 2036 ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ???, ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ??
????? ?? ???? ???
? ??????? ???? 2068 ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????
?????? ?????
z ??? ??? ??? 5 ?????, 2021 ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? 17 ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ????? ???
????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????
??????- ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??:
????????
?????
z ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????
???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???
? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???
z ???? ??? ??????, ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? 9,94,383 ??, ????? ??????? 4.6 ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???
???
???????: ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???:
z ???? ????
? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????????, ?????? ??? ??????, ?? ???????? ???? ??? 1.1 ?? 1.9 ??????
???????? ????? ????
z ????? ????
? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???, ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????, ??????? ?? ????? ?????
??? ????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ???? 2011 ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????
z ?????? ????
? ????? ????-???? ???????? (NEA) ????? ???? ???, ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???
???? ??? ????? ???? -??????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? 10,000 ?? ???? ????-???? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??, ?????? ??
1,400 ?? ???? ?? ‘??????? ?????? ????????’ (PHAs) ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???
? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????-???? ?????? ????? (CNEOS) ?? ?????????? (?? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???) ??? ??? ?? ?????
?? ????????? ???? ???
‘??????? ?????? ????????’ (PHAs)
z ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???
z ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ‘?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????’ (MOID) 0.05 ??????? ???? (???? 7,480,000
Km) ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? (H) 22.0 (???? 150 MT ????) ??, ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???
? ‘?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????’ ?? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??
???? ???
? ??????? ???? (AU) ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? 150 ?????? ?????. ???
? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??, ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??????
z ?????? ?? ‘??????? ?????? ????????’ (PHAs) ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???
?????-19 ?? ???? ???????
????? ??? ?????
??? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? (Indian Council of Medical Research- ICMR) ??? ??????????? ??
?? ???? ????? 1,300 ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????
z ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? 1,300 ????? ??? ?? 58 ??????? 4.5 ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????
????? ?????:
z ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????:
? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ???
? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???
? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????
??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???
? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? (Persistent Viral Shedding) ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??
??????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???
????????? ????? ??????:
z ?? ??? ?????? SARS-CoV-2 ???? ???? ????? (Respiratory Virus) ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???????
?????? ??? ????? ??????? (Viral Receptor) ??? ??? ????? ???? ????
z ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??-??-?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??. ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????????
???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???
z ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???
z ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????:
? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????
????????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???
? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????-19 ???????? (Covid-19 Pandemic) ?? ??????? ???? ???
?????????? ?? ????? ???
? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?????
? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????
???? ?????
? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???????
z ???? ?????? ?? ????????:
? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? (Genome sequence analysis)
???? ????
? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???
? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????
? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???, ????? ????? ?? ?? ?????
? ?? ?????? ICMR ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? 102 ????? ??? ????? ??-??-??
?? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????
? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? (Centers for Disease Control- CDC) ??? ??????, ????? ?????? ??? ???? 90
????? ?? ??? ???? ???
z ???? ?????? ??? ????:
? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??, ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??????
?? ??????? ?? ?? ???
? ??? ?????? ??? ???-??? ?? ????? ???, ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????
z ???? ?????? ?? ?????????:
? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? (Permanent Immunity) ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???
? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???
? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????
?? ???????
??????? ??????? ???????? ?????:
z ??????? ???????????? ???????? ????? (ICMR) ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????, ????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????
???
z ICMR ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????, ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ?? ???????/??????????
??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ???
z ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????, ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ???
????? -19 ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????
????? ??? ?????
????? -19 ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? (???? ????????????? ??????) ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??
???? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ???
z ????????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? (??????????) ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???
????? ?????:
????????? ??? ?????:
z ?????????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???:
? ????????? (Geophony) : ???-????? ????????? ?????? (????: ?????, ????? ?? ?????????) ?? ?????? ????????
? ?????????(Biophony): ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?
? ??????????(Anthrophony): ???? ????? ?????? ??????? (?????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? )?
z ???? 2021 ??? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ‘? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ??? ???????’ ??? ??????, ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ??
????????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?? ????? ???
? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???
?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???:
z ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? (??????????? ??? , ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ???) ?????-
???????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????????????(????) ????
z ???????? ??? ???????? ??? ???, ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? (??????) ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???
z ????? ??? ‘??????? ??? ??????????’ ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????? ???? 1.5dB ?? ???? ???????? ???, ?????
???????? 100 ????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????
?????????? ?? ?????
z ?????????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ????, ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????
????, ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??|
z ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????, ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???
????????????? ???? ??????? ????? (IQOE)
z ?? ????????, ???????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ???
???? ?? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ???
z ?? ???????? ?? ???? 2015-2025 ?? ????????? ?? I IQOE ???? ?? ????? -19 ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????
???? ???
z IQOE ??????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ????
????? ?? ?? ?? COVID-19 ???????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????
z IQOE ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 200 ?? ???? ???-???? ????????? (??????? ??? ??? ?????????) ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??
???
? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???
?????? (????? ??? ?? ????? ???) ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???
z ?? ????????? (?? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??) ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ???-??? ???? ??????????
?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???
?????????
z ??? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??, ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???
????? ?? ?
z ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????
z ?? ?? ??????? (?????? ?????? ?? ???????) ????????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??
?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???
z ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????, ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????
????????-1 ???? 100% ???? ????
????? ??? ?????
??? ??? ??? ????????? ????????? ???????? (FIA) ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? 100% ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??
???? F1 (???????? ??) ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ???
z FIA ?? ???? ??? 2025 ?? ??????? ????? ???? 2030 ?? F1 ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???
???????? ??
z ???????? ??, ???? ?????? ??? ?? 1 (F1) ??? ??? ???? ??, ?? ???????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?? 1 ?????-????, ???-????? ??
???-?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??? ???
z F1 ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???
z ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? FIA - (F-d-ration Internationale de
l'Automobile or the International Automobile Federation ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? "????????"
??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???????????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????
????? ?????:
??????? F1 ?????? ????????:
z ??????? ??????:
? F1 ?? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???? ???? 2,56,000 ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? , ?? ??????? ??? ????
??? ?????? ??? ???? 30,000 ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???
z ???????? ??????:
? ???? 2019 ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? 0.7% ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???-??? ?????? ??
??? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ???
? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? 19.3% ?? ???? ?????? ?? 7.3% ?? ??????????? ???? ?? ?
100% ??? ????:
?????????:
z F 1 ????? ?????-???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???-?????? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??
?? ???? ?? ?????
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Document Description: Science and Technology (विज्ञान और प्रौद्योगिकी): April 2021 UPSC Current Affairs for UPSC 2024 is part of Current Affairs (Hindi): Daily, Weekly & Monthly preparation.
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