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DPP for NEET: Daily Practice Problems, Ch: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

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FAQs on DPP for NEET: Daily Practice Problems, Ch: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

1. What is the difference between microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis in flowering plants?
Ans. Microsporogenesis produces four functional male spores (microspores) from a diploid microspore mother cell through meiosis, while megasporogenesis produces typically one functional female spore (megaspore) from a diploid megaspore mother cell. Microspores develop into pollen grains; megaspores develop into embryo sacs. Both processes are essential stages in sexual reproduction in flowering plants and occur within the anther and ovule respectively.
2. How does the embryo sac develop and what are its main structures?
Ans. The embryo sac develops from the functional megaspore through three mitotic divisions, creating typically eight nuclei arranged in seven cells. It contains three antipodal cells at one end, two synergids flanking the egg cell at the opposite end, and a central cell with two polar nuclei. This mature female gametophyte is crucial for successful sexual reproduction and double fertilisation in flowering plants.
3. Why does pollen germination fail sometimes and what conditions are needed for successful pollen tube growth?
Ans. Pollen germination fails due to low humidity, unsuitable temperature, incompatible stigma surface, or pollen immaturity. Successful pollen tube growth requires adequate moisture, optimal temperature (around 25-30°C), compatible stigmatic secretions containing sugars and proteins, and proper pH levels. These conditions support pollen grain hydration and enzymatic activity needed for gametophytic development during sexual reproduction in flowering plants.
4. What exactly happens during double fertilisation and why is it unique to angiosperms?
Ans. Double fertilisation involves two simultaneous fusion events: one sperm nucleus fuses with the egg cell forming the diploid zygote (syngamy), while the second sperm fuses with polar nuclei forming the triploid central cell (triple fusion). This process is unique to flowering plants and produces both the embryo and nutritive endosperm tissue simultaneously, making angiosperm reproduction highly efficient compared to gymnosperms.
5. What are the key differences between self-pollination and cross-pollination in terms of genetic variation and NEET exam importance?
Ans. Self-pollination involves transfer of pollen within the same flower or plant, reducing genetic variation and producing homozygous offspring, while cross-pollination exchanges pollen between different plants, increasing genetic diversity and heterozygosity. Cross-pollination generally produces stronger, more viable offspring due to hybrid vigour. NEET frequently tests distinctions between pollination types, their mechanisms, and evolutionary advantages in sexual reproduction of flowering plants.
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