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Cell Cycle & Cell Division Practice Questions - DPP for NEET

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1. What is the cell cycle?
Ans. The cell cycle refers to the sequence of events that occur in a cell leading to its division and the duplication of its DNA. It consists of different phases, including interphase (G1, S, G2) and mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase).
2. What is the significance of cell division?
Ans. Cell division is essential for the growth, development, and maintenance of an organism. It allows for the production of new cells, tissue repair, and replacement of old or damaged cells. It also plays a crucial role in the reproduction of organisms.
3. What are the different types of cell division?
Ans. There are two primary types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is the process by which somatic cells divide to produce identical daughter cells. Meiosis, on the other hand, is a specialized form of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells, resulting in the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the genetic material.
4. What is the role of checkpoints in the cell cycle?
Ans. Checkpoints are control mechanisms within the cell cycle that ensure proper progression and prevent the occurrence of errors or damage. These checkpoints monitor DNA integrity, cell size, and the presence of necessary nutrients, among other factors. If any abnormalities are detected, the cell cycle may be paused or halted to allow for repair or apoptosis (cell death).
5. How does the cell cycle relate to cancer development?
Ans. Cancer is often associated with abnormal cell division and uncontrolled cell growth. Mutations or disruptions in the cell cycle control mechanisms can lead to the formation of cancerous cells. For example, defects in checkpoints can allow damaged cells to continue dividing, leading to the accumulation of genetic abnormalities and the development of tumors. Understanding the cell cycle is crucial in studying and treating cancer.
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