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Evolution Practice Questions - DPP for NEET

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1. What is the theory of evolution?
Ans. The theory of evolution, proposed by Charles Darwin, states that all species of organisms have descended from a common ancestor over time. It suggests that species undergo gradual changes through the process of natural selection, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
2. What is the evidence for evolution?
Ans. There are several pieces of evidence for evolution, including fossil records that show the existence of extinct species and the transitional forms between different species. Comparative anatomy and embryology also provide evidence, as they reveal similarities in the structures and development of different organisms. Additionally, genetic studies show commonalities in the DNA sequences of different species, supporting the idea of a shared ancestry.
3. How does natural selection contribute to evolution?
Ans. Natural selection is a key mechanism in evolution. It acts on the variation within a population, favoring individuals with traits that are better suited to their environment. These individuals have a higher chance of survival and reproductive success, passing on their advantageous traits to the next generation. Over time, this leads to the accumulation of beneficial traits in a population, driving the process of evolution.
4. Can evolution occur without natural selection?
Ans. Yes, evolution can occur without natural selection. Other mechanisms, such as genetic drift and gene flow, can also drive evolutionary changes. Genetic drift refers to random changes in the frequency of traits within a population due to chance events, while gene flow involves the movement of genes between different populations. These processes can lead to changes in the genetic makeup of a population over time, even in the absence of natural selection.
5. How does the theory of evolution explain the diversity of life on Earth?
Ans. The theory of evolution explains the diversity of life on Earth by proposing that all organisms share a common ancestry and have diversified over millions of years through the process of natural selection. As species adapt to different environments, they accumulate unique traits that enable them to survive and reproduce in their specific ecological niches. This continuous process of adaptation and divergence has led to the incredible variety of species we observe today.
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