UPSC Exam  >  UPSC Notes  >  Monthly Yojana & Kurukshetra Magazine in Hindi  >  Yojana Magazine June 2022 - 2 (Hindi)

Yojana Magazine June 2022 - 2 (Hindi) | Monthly Yojana & Kurukshetra Magazine in Hindi - UPSC PDF Download

Download, print and study this document offline
Please wait while the PDF view is loading
 Page 1


;kstuk] twu 2022 23
f=ke esèkk isVsaV Jsf.k;ksasa }kjk 'kh"kZ 10 ns'kksa esa Hkkjr dks 
:l vkSj izQkal ls vkxs] 8osa LFkku dh jsafdax nh xbZ Fkh
1
] 
;gk¡ Ñf=ke esèkk ls lacafèkr isVsaV ,Iyhds'ku 2012 ls 
2018 rd nl xquk c<+s gSaA ^,vkbZ buscYM lkl % n usDLV izQafV;j 
iQkWj Xykscy lkl LVkVZ&vIl izQkWe bafM;k* 'kh"kZd okyh ,d fjiksVZ  
us bl ckr ij çdk'k Mkyk fd Ñf=ke esèkk] 2030 rd 9]00]000 
ls vfèkd liQsniks'k ukSdfj;ksa vkSj 3-6 fefy;u vçR;{k ukSdfj;ksa 
dk l`tu dj ldrh gSA blds vfrfjDr] Hkkjr esa 1]300 ls vfèkd 
oSf'od {kerk dsaæ (thlhlh) gSa] ftuesa çR;sd ikap esa ls ,d] çeq[k 
O;kolkf;d dk;ks± esa Ñf=ke esèkk dk mi;ksx djrk gS] tSls lkbcj 
lqj{kk] xzkgd lsok] vkiwfrZ  Ük`a[kyk vkSj lapkyu çcaèkuA
2
Hkkjr mu eqV~Bh Hkj ns'kksa esa ls ,d gS] ftUgksaus mUufr'khy Ñf=ke 
esèkk m|ksx dh lgk;rk ds fy,] Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj blds lac¼ {ks=k] 
e'khu yfu±x ds mi;ksx ds fy, ,d oSpkfjd 
jk"Vªh; <kapk fodflr fd;k gSA ,vkbZ vkSj 
e'khu yfu±x ij ljdkjh [kpZ Hkh 2019&2025 
dh vofèk esa 39 çfr'kr dh lh,thvkj dh 
visf{kr o`f¼ ds lkFk 2025
3
 esa 11]781-9 
fefy;u vejhdh MkWyj rd igq¡pus ds lkFk 
yxkrkj c<+ jgk gSA ljdkj ds fFkad VSad uhfr 
vk;ksx ds vuqlkj] 2035 rd] Ñf=ke esèkk 
esaas Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa 1 fVªfy;u vejhdh 
Mkyj dh o`f¼ djus dh {kerk gSA gkykafd] 
fgaMksy lsuxqIrk] bUosLV bafM;k dh LVªªSVsftd bUosLVesaV fjlpZ ;wfuV ds mikè;{k rFkk izeq[k gSaA bZesy% hindol.sengupta@investindia.org.in
HkO;k R;kxh blh laLFkku esa 'kksèkdrkZ gSaA
Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj e'khu yfu±x
fgaMksy lsuxqIrk
HkO;k R;kxh
m|ksx 4-0] çkS|ksfxfd;ksa ds ,d ,sls ;qx dh 'kq#vkr djus ds fy, rS;kj gS tks gekjs vklikl dh 
nqfu;k ds lkFk ijLij izHkko ds rjhds dks iwjh rjg ls cny nsxkA Ñf=ke esèkk ;kuh vkfVZfiQf'k;y us 
baVsfytsal&vkbZ, @ e'khu yfu±x] baVjusV vkWiQ fFkaXl&vkbZvksVh] 5th] vkWxesaVsM fj;fyVh] fcx MsVk] 
uSuks VsDuksykWth] jkscksfVDl vkSj 3Mh fçafVax fofHkUu m|ksxksa esa ifjpkyu] dk;kZRed vkSj dk;Zuhfrd 
ifjn`'; dks cny jgs gSaA Hkkjr esa] futh rFkk lkoZtfud nksuksa m|e vkSj dsaæ rFkk jkT; ljdkjsa & 
fofuekZ.k ls ysdj lsokvksa rd esa Ñf=ke esèkk ds mi;ksx ds fy, fuos'k dj jgh gSaA Hkkjr esa vfèkdka'k 
m|e iwath fufèk;u vc cSafdax] foÙkh; lsokvksa rFkk chek {ks=k (ch,iQ,lvkbZ)] bZ&dkWelZ] LokLF; 
lsokvksa] bysDVªkWfuDl vkSj v{k; ÅtkZ LVkVZvi dh Ñf=ke esèkk ifj;kstukvksa esa gks jgk gSA
Ñf=ke esèkk dks liQyrkiwoZd viukus ds fy, dk;Zuhfr] dk;kZUo;u] 
tksf[ke çcaèku vkSj ,vkbZ&l{ke dk;Zcy dh vko';drk gksxhA 
Ñf=ke esèkk esa uokpkjksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, Hkh ,d lqO;ofLFkr 
jk"Vªh; uhfrxr <kapk vko';d gSA
bl lacaèk esa] Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dks cnyus ds fy, Ñf=ke 
esèkk dh {kerk vkSj bl {kerk dk nksgu djus ds fy, ,d O;kid 
dk;Zuhfrd <kaps ds fuekZ.k dh Hkkjr dh vko';drk dks igpkurs 
gq,] uhfr vk;ksx us twu 2018 esa Ñf=ke esèkk #,vkbZiQkWjvkWy ds 
fy, ,d jk"Vªh; dk;Zuhfr tkjh dhA ;g Hkkjr ds fy, lekos'kh vkSj 
lkekftd fodkl lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, Hkfo"; dh çkS|ksfxfd;ksa 
dk ykHk mBkus ds fy, jksMeSi rS;kj djrh gSA #,vkbZiQkWjvkWy dk 
mís'; fodkl'khy vkSj mHkjrh vFkZO;oLFkkvksa ds ykHk ds fy, 
esM&bu&bafM;k Ñf=ke esèkk lekèkkuksa rd igq¡p] lkeF;Z vkSj n{krk 
dh pqukSfr;ksa dk lekèkku djus ds fy, ekuoh; 
{kerkvksa dks c<+kuk vkSj l'kDr cukuk gSA ;gk¡ 
Hkkjr ds fy, lekèkku dk eryc nqfu;k ds 40 
iQhlnh fgLls ds fy, lekèkku djuk gSA ,slk 
djus esa] ;g nLrkost ikap çkFkfedrk okys {ks=kksa 
dh igpku djrk gS ftUgsa lkekftd t:jrksa 
dks gy djus esa bu ifjorZudkjh çkS|ksfxfd;ksa 
dks viukus ls lcls vfèkd o`f¼'khy ewY; 
çkIr djus dh dYiuk dh xbZ gSA ;s gSa&LokLF; 
vko';drk,a d) LokLF; ns[kHkky& xq.koÙkk 
Ñ
vuqiz;ksx
i+Qksdl
Page 2


;kstuk] twu 2022 23
f=ke esèkk isVsaV Jsf.k;ksasa }kjk 'kh"kZ 10 ns'kksa esa Hkkjr dks 
:l vkSj izQkal ls vkxs] 8osa LFkku dh jsafdax nh xbZ Fkh
1
] 
;gk¡ Ñf=ke esèkk ls lacafèkr isVsaV ,Iyhds'ku 2012 ls 
2018 rd nl xquk c<+s gSaA ^,vkbZ buscYM lkl % n usDLV izQafV;j 
iQkWj Xykscy lkl LVkVZ&vIl izQkWe bafM;k* 'kh"kZd okyh ,d fjiksVZ  
us bl ckr ij çdk'k Mkyk fd Ñf=ke esèkk] 2030 rd 9]00]000 
ls vfèkd liQsniks'k ukSdfj;ksa vkSj 3-6 fefy;u vçR;{k ukSdfj;ksa 
dk l`tu dj ldrh gSA blds vfrfjDr] Hkkjr esa 1]300 ls vfèkd 
oSf'od {kerk dsaæ (thlhlh) gSa] ftuesa çR;sd ikap esa ls ,d] çeq[k 
O;kolkf;d dk;ks± esa Ñf=ke esèkk dk mi;ksx djrk gS] tSls lkbcj 
lqj{kk] xzkgd lsok] vkiwfrZ  Ük`a[kyk vkSj lapkyu çcaèkuA
2
Hkkjr mu eqV~Bh Hkj ns'kksa esa ls ,d gS] ftUgksaus mUufr'khy Ñf=ke 
esèkk m|ksx dh lgk;rk ds fy,] Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj blds lac¼ {ks=k] 
e'khu yfu±x ds mi;ksx ds fy, ,d oSpkfjd 
jk"Vªh; <kapk fodflr fd;k gSA ,vkbZ vkSj 
e'khu yfu±x ij ljdkjh [kpZ Hkh 2019&2025 
dh vofèk esa 39 çfr'kr dh lh,thvkj dh 
visf{kr o`f¼ ds lkFk 2025
3
 esa 11]781-9 
fefy;u vejhdh MkWyj rd igq¡pus ds lkFk 
yxkrkj c<+ jgk gSA ljdkj ds fFkad VSad uhfr 
vk;ksx ds vuqlkj] 2035 rd] Ñf=ke esèkk 
esaas Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa 1 fVªfy;u vejhdh 
Mkyj dh o`f¼ djus dh {kerk gSA gkykafd] 
fgaMksy lsuxqIrk] bUosLV bafM;k dh LVªªSVsftd bUosLVesaV fjlpZ ;wfuV ds mikè;{k rFkk izeq[k gSaA bZesy% hindol.sengupta@investindia.org.in
HkO;k R;kxh blh laLFkku esa 'kksèkdrkZ gSaA
Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj e'khu yfu±x
fgaMksy lsuxqIrk
HkO;k R;kxh
m|ksx 4-0] çkS|ksfxfd;ksa ds ,d ,sls ;qx dh 'kq#vkr djus ds fy, rS;kj gS tks gekjs vklikl dh 
nqfu;k ds lkFk ijLij izHkko ds rjhds dks iwjh rjg ls cny nsxkA Ñf=ke esèkk ;kuh vkfVZfiQf'k;y us 
baVsfytsal&vkbZ, @ e'khu yfu±x] baVjusV vkWiQ fFkaXl&vkbZvksVh] 5th] vkWxesaVsM fj;fyVh] fcx MsVk] 
uSuks VsDuksykWth] jkscksfVDl vkSj 3Mh fçafVax fofHkUu m|ksxksa esa ifjpkyu] dk;kZRed vkSj dk;Zuhfrd 
ifjn`'; dks cny jgs gSaA Hkkjr esa] futh rFkk lkoZtfud nksuksa m|e vkSj dsaæ rFkk jkT; ljdkjsa & 
fofuekZ.k ls ysdj lsokvksa rd esa Ñf=ke esèkk ds mi;ksx ds fy, fuos'k dj jgh gSaA Hkkjr esa vfèkdka'k 
m|e iwath fufèk;u vc cSafdax] foÙkh; lsokvksa rFkk chek {ks=k (ch,iQ,lvkbZ)] bZ&dkWelZ] LokLF; 
lsokvksa] bysDVªkWfuDl vkSj v{k; ÅtkZ LVkVZvi dh Ñf=ke esèkk ifj;kstukvksa esa gks jgk gSA
Ñf=ke esèkk dks liQyrkiwoZd viukus ds fy, dk;Zuhfr] dk;kZUo;u] 
tksf[ke çcaèku vkSj ,vkbZ&l{ke dk;Zcy dh vko';drk gksxhA 
Ñf=ke esèkk esa uokpkjksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, Hkh ,d lqO;ofLFkr 
jk"Vªh; uhfrxr <kapk vko';d gSA
bl lacaèk esa] Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dks cnyus ds fy, Ñf=ke 
esèkk dh {kerk vkSj bl {kerk dk nksgu djus ds fy, ,d O;kid 
dk;Zuhfrd <kaps ds fuekZ.k dh Hkkjr dh vko';drk dks igpkurs 
gq,] uhfr vk;ksx us twu 2018 esa Ñf=ke esèkk #,vkbZiQkWjvkWy ds 
fy, ,d jk"Vªh; dk;Zuhfr tkjh dhA ;g Hkkjr ds fy, lekos'kh vkSj 
lkekftd fodkl lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, Hkfo"; dh çkS|ksfxfd;ksa 
dk ykHk mBkus ds fy, jksMeSi rS;kj djrh gSA #,vkbZiQkWjvkWy dk 
mís'; fodkl'khy vkSj mHkjrh vFkZO;oLFkkvksa ds ykHk ds fy, 
esM&bu&bafM;k Ñf=ke esèkk lekèkkuksa rd igq¡p] lkeF;Z vkSj n{krk 
dh pqukSfr;ksa dk lekèkku djus ds fy, ekuoh; 
{kerkvksa dks c<+kuk vkSj l'kDr cukuk gSA ;gk¡ 
Hkkjr ds fy, lekèkku dk eryc nqfu;k ds 40 
iQhlnh fgLls ds fy, lekèkku djuk gSA ,slk 
djus esa] ;g nLrkost ikap çkFkfedrk okys {ks=kksa 
dh igpku djrk gS ftUgsa lkekftd t:jrksa 
dks gy djus esa bu ifjorZudkjh çkS|ksfxfd;ksa 
dks viukus ls lcls vfèkd o`f¼'khy ewY; 
çkIr djus dh dYiuk dh xbZ gSA ;s gSa&LokLF; 
vko';drk,a d) LokLF; ns[kHkky& xq.koÙkk 
Ñ
vuqiz;ksx
i+Qksdl
24 ;kstuk] twu 2022
ljdkj esa Hkkjrh; Ñf=ke esèkk 
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa] orZeku esa 
{kerk fuekZ.k uhfr;ka] uokpkj 
dsaæ vkSj ifj;kstuk,a 'kkfey gSaA 
gkykafd] çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dh pqLr 
çÑfr dks ns[krs gq,] dbZ 'kksèk 
fjiksVks± us Ñf=ke esèkk &lapkfyr 
çfØ;kvksa esa ckèkkvksa vkSj 
tfVyrkvksa dks nwj djus vkSj Ñf=ke 
esèkk ds ekudhdj.k dks lqfuf'pr 
djus ds fy, ,d pqLr fu;ked 
rFkk cqfu;knh <kaps ds fodkl vkSj 
rSukrh ds fy, t+ksj fn;k gSA
vkSj fdiQk;rh LokLF; ns[kHkky rd igq¡p 
c<+kuk] [k) Ñf"k& iQly mit c<+kuk ] 
[kk| lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djuk vkSj fdlkuksa 
dh vk; esa o`f¼] x) f'k{kk& f'k{kk dh 
xq.koÙkk vkSj ekuo lalkèku l`tukRedrk 
esa o`f¼] ?k) LekVZ 'kgj vkSj cqfu;knh 
<kapk& dq'ky laidZ lqfuf'pr djuk vkSj 
LekVZ 'kgjh fu;kstu dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj 
p) LekVZ xfr'khyrk vkSj ifjogu& n{k 
vkSj lqjf{kr ifjoguA jk"Vªh; dk;Zuhfr dk 
mís'; vuqnku] mRikn rFkk lekèkku fodkl] 
m|ksx ds lkFk lg;ksx vkSj LVkVZvIl dks 
esaVjf'ki lgk;rk ds ekè;e ls Hkkjr ds 
Ñf=ke esèkk ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dh lgk;rk 
djrk vkSj l{ke cukuk gSA bl fjiksVZ ds 
tkjh gksus ds ckn ls] uhfr vk;ksx us vVy 
uokpkj fe'ku] vfèkdkj izkIr lewg&6] vkj,vkbZ,lbZ 2020 f'k[kj 
lEesyu vkfn tSlh dbZ igy 'kq: dh gSaA uhfr vk;ksx dh çeq[k 
Ñf=ke esèkk igy ds lg;ksx ls çdkf'kr] ftEesnkj Ñf=ke esèkk 
n`f"Vdks.k nLrkost jgk gSA bls vxyh Ñf=ke esèkk vkS|ksfxd Økafr ds 
fy, fo'o vkfFkZd eap dsaæ ds lg;ksx ls izdkf'kr fd;k x;k gSA 
;g nLrkost Hkkjr esa Ñf=ke esèkk ds fMtkbu] fodkl vkSj rSukrh ds 
fy, O;kid uSfrdrk vkSj fl¼karksa dks LFkkfir djus dk iz;kl gSA
ljdkj esa Hkkjrh; Ñf=ke esèkk ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa] orZeku 
esa {kerk fuekZ.k] uhfr;ka] uokpkj dsaæ vkSj ifj;kstuk,a 'kkfey gSaA 
gkykafd] çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dh pqLr çÑfr dks ns[krs gq,] dbZ 'kksèk fjiksVks± 
us Ñf=ke esèkk &lapkfyr çfØ;kvksa esa ckèkkvksa vkSj tfVyrkvksa dks 
nwj djus vkSj Ñf=ke esèkk ds ekudhdj.k dks lqfuf'pr djus ds 
fy, ,d pqLr fu;ked rFkk cqfu;knh <kaps ds fodkl vkSj rSukrh ds 
fy, t+ksj fn;k gSA bls è;ku esa j[krs gq,] nwjlapkj foHkkx (MhvksVh) 
dh Hkkjr dh ,vkbZ ekudhdj.k lfefr us bafM;k vkfVZfiQf'k;y 
baVsfytsal LVSd ij dk;Z&izk:i dk elkSnk tkjh fd;k rkfd lHkh {ks=kksa 
esa Ñf=ke esèkk dk ykHkdkjh  :i ls nksgu djus vkSj vU; phtksa ds 
lkFk varj&lfØ;rk ykus ds fy, vuqdwy ekgkSy cuk;k tk ldsA 
LVSd dks Ng ijrksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gS& ikap eq[; gksfjt+ksaVy 
ijrsa vkSj ,d ofVZdy ijr& buesa ls çR;sd lwpuk ,d=k djus vkSj 
HkaMkj.k ls ysdj lqj{kk vkSj xous±l rd ,d fof'k"V mís'; dks iwjk 
djrh gSA ;g fjiksVZ] ,vkbZ LVSd ds dbZ ykHkksa ij çdk'k Mkyrh 
gS tSls lqjf{kr MsVk HkaMkj.k vkSj MsVk xksiuh;rk] vklku baVjiQsl] 
fMftVy vfèkdkjksa dh j{kk] [kqyk ,ihvkbZ ,dhdj.k] fo'oluh;rk] 
uSfrd ekud vkSj ljdkjh lkoZtfud dqath iwokZèkkj (ihdsvkbZ) 
dk mi;ksxA ;g vkxs vuqlaèkku esa lkoZtfud vkSj futh Hkkxhnkjh 
c<+kus] Ñf=ke esèkk dks viukus esa rst+h ykus] dk;Zcy dks dq'ky 
cukus vkSj ,d ftEesnkj Ñf=ke esèkk ds fy, uSfrdrk vkSj fl¼kar 
lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, jksMeSi rS;kj djrk gSA ;g eYVh&DykmM 
ifjn`';ksa lfgr ,d lkekU; MsVk fu;a=kd dk fuekZ.k Hkh lqfuf'pr 
djrk gSA bl çLrkfor ,vkbZ LVSd ds çeq[k ykHkksa esa ls ,d ;g gS 
fd ;g [kqys ,ihvkbZ ,dhdj.k dh lqfoèkk 
çnku djsxk vkSj Ñf=ke esèkk volajpuk dk 
fuekZ.k djsxkA blds ekè;e ls] ljdkj dk 
y{; Ñf=ke esèkk esa vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl 
esa rst+h ykus ds fy, laLFkkuksa ds fy, ,d 
larqfyr O;oLFkk çnku djuk gS vkSj ewY; 
Ük`a[kyk esa Ñf=ke esèkk dks rst+h ls viukuk 
lqfuf'pr djuk gSA
Hkkjr mu eqëh Hkj ns'kksa esa ls ,d 
gS ftUgksaus Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj blds lac¼ 
{ks=k] 'kklu çfØ;kvksa esa e'khu yfu±x 
ds mi;ksx ds fy, ,d oSpkfjd <kapk 
fodflr fd;k gSA
Hkkjr fMftVy LokLF; dks c<+kok nsus] 
vkSj fMftVy foÙkh; ysunsu dks c<+kus ls 
ysdj isa'kuHkksfx;ksa dks muds Hkqxrku dks 
vfèkd vklkuh ls çkIr djus esa enn djus vkSj ck?kksa dk irk yxkus 
rFkk mUgsa lajf{kr djus esa Ñf=ke esèkk dks mi;ksx esa yk jgk gSA
rsyaxkuk esa] isa'kuHkksfx;ksa dks çekf.kr djus esa Ñf=ke esèkk dh 
lgk;rk yh tk jgh gS vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk jgk gS fd Hkqxrku 
thfor isa'kuHkksfx;ksa dks feys (bl çdkj] Hkz"Vkpkj dh laHkkouk dks 
nwj djrs gq,) vkSj çkIrdrkZvksa dks ekU; djus esa enn djus ds fy, 
cqfu;knh Nfo;ksa vkSj lwpukvksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tk jgk gSA
dkWjiksjsV ekeyksa dk ea=kky;] dkWiksZjsV iQkbfyax dks vklku 
cukus ds fy, Ñf=ke esèkk dk mi;ksx dj jgk gS] tcfd lsaVj 
iQkWj vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal ,aM jkscksfVDl (lh,vkbZvkj) dks 
MhvkjMhvks (j{kk vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl laxBu) ds Ñf=ke esèkk ls 
lacafèkr dk;ks± ds fy, ,d fo'ks"k dsaæ ds :i esa cuk;k x;k gSA 
us'kuy fjlpZ iQkmaMs'ku ds fy, Ñf=ke esèkk] fo'ks"k egRo dk {ks=k 
gS] vkSj bl {ks=k esa ubZ çfrHkkvksa dks çksRlkfgr djus ds fy, Ldwy 
Lrj ij bls c<+kok fn;k tk jgk gSA
bl fn'kk esa dh xbZ igy dh la[;k dh fxurh ls vfèkd 
egRoiw.kZ gS& Hkkjr viuh vFkZO;oLFkk esa lqèkkj djus] bls vfèkd 
xgjkbZ nsus vkSj vfu;ferrkvksa dks nwj djus ds fy, ,vkbZ vkSj e'khu 
yfu±x dks vxyh ifjorZudkjh çfØ;k ds :i esa ns[krk gSA
;g çfØ;k igys gh ukxfjd igpku vkSj foÙkh; ysunsu ds 
fMftVhdj.k ds lkFk 'kq: gks pqdh gS] ysfdu Ñf=ke esèkk dk mi;ksx 
bls ,d u;k vk;ke vkSj xgjkbZ nsxkA
,vkbZ vkSj e'khu yfu±x Hkkjr ds fy, fo'ks"k :i ls mi;qDr gSa 
D;ksafd ;g nqfu;k dk lcls cM+k yksdrkaf=kd MsVk ;k ml MsVk dk 
l`tudrkZ gS ftls yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu ds rgr mRiUu vkSj fo'ysf"kr 
fd;k tk jgk gSA
MsVk dk ;g [ktkuk Hkkjr ds LokLF; lsok ls ysdj 
fofuekZ.k vkSj miHkksDrk O;ogkj fo'ys"k.k rd dbZ {ks=kksa ds fy, 
YkkHkdkjh gSA ysfdu MsVk ds bl fo'kky [ktkus dk okLrfod 
lnqi;ksx] dsoy çHkkoh ,vkbZ vkSj e'khu yfu±x dk mi;ksx djds 
fudkyk tk ldrk gSA
Page 3


;kstuk] twu 2022 23
f=ke esèkk isVsaV Jsf.k;ksasa }kjk 'kh"kZ 10 ns'kksa esa Hkkjr dks 
:l vkSj izQkal ls vkxs] 8osa LFkku dh jsafdax nh xbZ Fkh
1
] 
;gk¡ Ñf=ke esèkk ls lacafèkr isVsaV ,Iyhds'ku 2012 ls 
2018 rd nl xquk c<+s gSaA ^,vkbZ buscYM lkl % n usDLV izQafV;j 
iQkWj Xykscy lkl LVkVZ&vIl izQkWe bafM;k* 'kh"kZd okyh ,d fjiksVZ  
us bl ckr ij çdk'k Mkyk fd Ñf=ke esèkk] 2030 rd 9]00]000 
ls vfèkd liQsniks'k ukSdfj;ksa vkSj 3-6 fefy;u vçR;{k ukSdfj;ksa 
dk l`tu dj ldrh gSA blds vfrfjDr] Hkkjr esa 1]300 ls vfèkd 
oSf'od {kerk dsaæ (thlhlh) gSa] ftuesa çR;sd ikap esa ls ,d] çeq[k 
O;kolkf;d dk;ks± esa Ñf=ke esèkk dk mi;ksx djrk gS] tSls lkbcj 
lqj{kk] xzkgd lsok] vkiwfrZ  Ük`a[kyk vkSj lapkyu çcaèkuA
2
Hkkjr mu eqV~Bh Hkj ns'kksa esa ls ,d gS] ftUgksaus mUufr'khy Ñf=ke 
esèkk m|ksx dh lgk;rk ds fy,] Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj blds lac¼ {ks=k] 
e'khu yfu±x ds mi;ksx ds fy, ,d oSpkfjd 
jk"Vªh; <kapk fodflr fd;k gSA ,vkbZ vkSj 
e'khu yfu±x ij ljdkjh [kpZ Hkh 2019&2025 
dh vofèk esa 39 çfr'kr dh lh,thvkj dh 
visf{kr o`f¼ ds lkFk 2025
3
 esa 11]781-9 
fefy;u vejhdh MkWyj rd igq¡pus ds lkFk 
yxkrkj c<+ jgk gSA ljdkj ds fFkad VSad uhfr 
vk;ksx ds vuqlkj] 2035 rd] Ñf=ke esèkk 
esaas Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa 1 fVªfy;u vejhdh 
Mkyj dh o`f¼ djus dh {kerk gSA gkykafd] 
fgaMksy lsuxqIrk] bUosLV bafM;k dh LVªªSVsftd bUosLVesaV fjlpZ ;wfuV ds mikè;{k rFkk izeq[k gSaA bZesy% hindol.sengupta@investindia.org.in
HkO;k R;kxh blh laLFkku esa 'kksèkdrkZ gSaA
Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj e'khu yfu±x
fgaMksy lsuxqIrk
HkO;k R;kxh
m|ksx 4-0] çkS|ksfxfd;ksa ds ,d ,sls ;qx dh 'kq#vkr djus ds fy, rS;kj gS tks gekjs vklikl dh 
nqfu;k ds lkFk ijLij izHkko ds rjhds dks iwjh rjg ls cny nsxkA Ñf=ke esèkk ;kuh vkfVZfiQf'k;y us 
baVsfytsal&vkbZ, @ e'khu yfu±x] baVjusV vkWiQ fFkaXl&vkbZvksVh] 5th] vkWxesaVsM fj;fyVh] fcx MsVk] 
uSuks VsDuksykWth] jkscksfVDl vkSj 3Mh fçafVax fofHkUu m|ksxksa esa ifjpkyu] dk;kZRed vkSj dk;Zuhfrd 
ifjn`'; dks cny jgs gSaA Hkkjr esa] futh rFkk lkoZtfud nksuksa m|e vkSj dsaæ rFkk jkT; ljdkjsa & 
fofuekZ.k ls ysdj lsokvksa rd esa Ñf=ke esèkk ds mi;ksx ds fy, fuos'k dj jgh gSaA Hkkjr esa vfèkdka'k 
m|e iwath fufèk;u vc cSafdax] foÙkh; lsokvksa rFkk chek {ks=k (ch,iQ,lvkbZ)] bZ&dkWelZ] LokLF; 
lsokvksa] bysDVªkWfuDl vkSj v{k; ÅtkZ LVkVZvi dh Ñf=ke esèkk ifj;kstukvksa esa gks jgk gSA
Ñf=ke esèkk dks liQyrkiwoZd viukus ds fy, dk;Zuhfr] dk;kZUo;u] 
tksf[ke çcaèku vkSj ,vkbZ&l{ke dk;Zcy dh vko';drk gksxhA 
Ñf=ke esèkk esa uokpkjksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, Hkh ,d lqO;ofLFkr 
jk"Vªh; uhfrxr <kapk vko';d gSA
bl lacaèk esa] Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dks cnyus ds fy, Ñf=ke 
esèkk dh {kerk vkSj bl {kerk dk nksgu djus ds fy, ,d O;kid 
dk;Zuhfrd <kaps ds fuekZ.k dh Hkkjr dh vko';drk dks igpkurs 
gq,] uhfr vk;ksx us twu 2018 esa Ñf=ke esèkk #,vkbZiQkWjvkWy ds 
fy, ,d jk"Vªh; dk;Zuhfr tkjh dhA ;g Hkkjr ds fy, lekos'kh vkSj 
lkekftd fodkl lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, Hkfo"; dh çkS|ksfxfd;ksa 
dk ykHk mBkus ds fy, jksMeSi rS;kj djrh gSA #,vkbZiQkWjvkWy dk 
mís'; fodkl'khy vkSj mHkjrh vFkZO;oLFkkvksa ds ykHk ds fy, 
esM&bu&bafM;k Ñf=ke esèkk lekèkkuksa rd igq¡p] lkeF;Z vkSj n{krk 
dh pqukSfr;ksa dk lekèkku djus ds fy, ekuoh; 
{kerkvksa dks c<+kuk vkSj l'kDr cukuk gSA ;gk¡ 
Hkkjr ds fy, lekèkku dk eryc nqfu;k ds 40 
iQhlnh fgLls ds fy, lekèkku djuk gSA ,slk 
djus esa] ;g nLrkost ikap çkFkfedrk okys {ks=kksa 
dh igpku djrk gS ftUgsa lkekftd t:jrksa 
dks gy djus esa bu ifjorZudkjh çkS|ksfxfd;ksa 
dks viukus ls lcls vfèkd o`f¼'khy ewY; 
çkIr djus dh dYiuk dh xbZ gSA ;s gSa&LokLF; 
vko';drk,a d) LokLF; ns[kHkky& xq.koÙkk 
Ñ
vuqiz;ksx
i+Qksdl
24 ;kstuk] twu 2022
ljdkj esa Hkkjrh; Ñf=ke esèkk 
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa] orZeku esa 
{kerk fuekZ.k uhfr;ka] uokpkj 
dsaæ vkSj ifj;kstuk,a 'kkfey gSaA 
gkykafd] çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dh pqLr 
çÑfr dks ns[krs gq,] dbZ 'kksèk 
fjiksVks± us Ñf=ke esèkk &lapkfyr 
çfØ;kvksa esa ckèkkvksa vkSj 
tfVyrkvksa dks nwj djus vkSj Ñf=ke 
esèkk ds ekudhdj.k dks lqfuf'pr 
djus ds fy, ,d pqLr fu;ked 
rFkk cqfu;knh <kaps ds fodkl vkSj 
rSukrh ds fy, t+ksj fn;k gSA
vkSj fdiQk;rh LokLF; ns[kHkky rd igq¡p 
c<+kuk] [k) Ñf"k& iQly mit c<+kuk ] 
[kk| lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djuk vkSj fdlkuksa 
dh vk; esa o`f¼] x) f'k{kk& f'k{kk dh 
xq.koÙkk vkSj ekuo lalkèku l`tukRedrk 
esa o`f¼] ?k) LekVZ 'kgj vkSj cqfu;knh 
<kapk& dq'ky laidZ lqfuf'pr djuk vkSj 
LekVZ 'kgjh fu;kstu dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj 
p) LekVZ xfr'khyrk vkSj ifjogu& n{k 
vkSj lqjf{kr ifjoguA jk"Vªh; dk;Zuhfr dk 
mís'; vuqnku] mRikn rFkk lekèkku fodkl] 
m|ksx ds lkFk lg;ksx vkSj LVkVZvIl dks 
esaVjf'ki lgk;rk ds ekè;e ls Hkkjr ds 
Ñf=ke esèkk ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dh lgk;rk 
djrk vkSj l{ke cukuk gSA bl fjiksVZ ds 
tkjh gksus ds ckn ls] uhfr vk;ksx us vVy 
uokpkj fe'ku] vfèkdkj izkIr lewg&6] vkj,vkbZ,lbZ 2020 f'k[kj 
lEesyu vkfn tSlh dbZ igy 'kq: dh gSaA uhfr vk;ksx dh çeq[k 
Ñf=ke esèkk igy ds lg;ksx ls çdkf'kr] ftEesnkj Ñf=ke esèkk 
n`f"Vdks.k nLrkost jgk gSA bls vxyh Ñf=ke esèkk vkS|ksfxd Økafr ds 
fy, fo'o vkfFkZd eap dsaæ ds lg;ksx ls izdkf'kr fd;k x;k gSA 
;g nLrkost Hkkjr esa Ñf=ke esèkk ds fMtkbu] fodkl vkSj rSukrh ds 
fy, O;kid uSfrdrk vkSj fl¼karksa dks LFkkfir djus dk iz;kl gSA
ljdkj esa Hkkjrh; Ñf=ke esèkk ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa] orZeku 
esa {kerk fuekZ.k] uhfr;ka] uokpkj dsaæ vkSj ifj;kstuk,a 'kkfey gSaA 
gkykafd] çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dh pqLr çÑfr dks ns[krs gq,] dbZ 'kksèk fjiksVks± 
us Ñf=ke esèkk &lapkfyr çfØ;kvksa esa ckèkkvksa vkSj tfVyrkvksa dks 
nwj djus vkSj Ñf=ke esèkk ds ekudhdj.k dks lqfuf'pr djus ds 
fy, ,d pqLr fu;ked rFkk cqfu;knh <kaps ds fodkl vkSj rSukrh ds 
fy, t+ksj fn;k gSA bls è;ku esa j[krs gq,] nwjlapkj foHkkx (MhvksVh) 
dh Hkkjr dh ,vkbZ ekudhdj.k lfefr us bafM;k vkfVZfiQf'k;y 
baVsfytsal LVSd ij dk;Z&izk:i dk elkSnk tkjh fd;k rkfd lHkh {ks=kksa 
esa Ñf=ke esèkk dk ykHkdkjh  :i ls nksgu djus vkSj vU; phtksa ds 
lkFk varj&lfØ;rk ykus ds fy, vuqdwy ekgkSy cuk;k tk ldsA 
LVSd dks Ng ijrksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gS& ikap eq[; gksfjt+ksaVy 
ijrsa vkSj ,d ofVZdy ijr& buesa ls çR;sd lwpuk ,d=k djus vkSj 
HkaMkj.k ls ysdj lqj{kk vkSj xous±l rd ,d fof'k"V mís'; dks iwjk 
djrh gSA ;g fjiksVZ] ,vkbZ LVSd ds dbZ ykHkksa ij çdk'k Mkyrh 
gS tSls lqjf{kr MsVk HkaMkj.k vkSj MsVk xksiuh;rk] vklku baVjiQsl] 
fMftVy vfèkdkjksa dh j{kk] [kqyk ,ihvkbZ ,dhdj.k] fo'oluh;rk] 
uSfrd ekud vkSj ljdkjh lkoZtfud dqath iwokZèkkj (ihdsvkbZ) 
dk mi;ksxA ;g vkxs vuqlaèkku esa lkoZtfud vkSj futh Hkkxhnkjh 
c<+kus] Ñf=ke esèkk dks viukus esa rst+h ykus] dk;Zcy dks dq'ky 
cukus vkSj ,d ftEesnkj Ñf=ke esèkk ds fy, uSfrdrk vkSj fl¼kar 
lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, jksMeSi rS;kj djrk gSA ;g eYVh&DykmM 
ifjn`';ksa lfgr ,d lkekU; MsVk fu;a=kd dk fuekZ.k Hkh lqfuf'pr 
djrk gSA bl çLrkfor ,vkbZ LVSd ds çeq[k ykHkksa esa ls ,d ;g gS 
fd ;g [kqys ,ihvkbZ ,dhdj.k dh lqfoèkk 
çnku djsxk vkSj Ñf=ke esèkk volajpuk dk 
fuekZ.k djsxkA blds ekè;e ls] ljdkj dk 
y{; Ñf=ke esèkk esa vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl 
esa rst+h ykus ds fy, laLFkkuksa ds fy, ,d 
larqfyr O;oLFkk çnku djuk gS vkSj ewY; 
Ük`a[kyk esa Ñf=ke esèkk dks rst+h ls viukuk 
lqfuf'pr djuk gSA
Hkkjr mu eqëh Hkj ns'kksa esa ls ,d 
gS ftUgksaus Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj blds lac¼ 
{ks=k] 'kklu çfØ;kvksa esa e'khu yfu±x 
ds mi;ksx ds fy, ,d oSpkfjd <kapk 
fodflr fd;k gSA
Hkkjr fMftVy LokLF; dks c<+kok nsus] 
vkSj fMftVy foÙkh; ysunsu dks c<+kus ls 
ysdj isa'kuHkksfx;ksa dks muds Hkqxrku dks 
vfèkd vklkuh ls çkIr djus esa enn djus vkSj ck?kksa dk irk yxkus 
rFkk mUgsa lajf{kr djus esa Ñf=ke esèkk dks mi;ksx esa yk jgk gSA
rsyaxkuk esa] isa'kuHkksfx;ksa dks çekf.kr djus esa Ñf=ke esèkk dh 
lgk;rk yh tk jgh gS vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk jgk gS fd Hkqxrku 
thfor isa'kuHkksfx;ksa dks feys (bl çdkj] Hkz"Vkpkj dh laHkkouk dks 
nwj djrs gq,) vkSj çkIrdrkZvksa dks ekU; djus esa enn djus ds fy, 
cqfu;knh Nfo;ksa vkSj lwpukvksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tk jgk gSA
dkWjiksjsV ekeyksa dk ea=kky;] dkWiksZjsV iQkbfyax dks vklku 
cukus ds fy, Ñf=ke esèkk dk mi;ksx dj jgk gS] tcfd lsaVj 
iQkWj vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal ,aM jkscksfVDl (lh,vkbZvkj) dks 
MhvkjMhvks (j{kk vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl laxBu) ds Ñf=ke esèkk ls 
lacafèkr dk;ks± ds fy, ,d fo'ks"k dsaæ ds :i esa cuk;k x;k gSA 
us'kuy fjlpZ iQkmaMs'ku ds fy, Ñf=ke esèkk] fo'ks"k egRo dk {ks=k 
gS] vkSj bl {ks=k esa ubZ çfrHkkvksa dks çksRlkfgr djus ds fy, Ldwy 
Lrj ij bls c<+kok fn;k tk jgk gSA
bl fn'kk esa dh xbZ igy dh la[;k dh fxurh ls vfèkd 
egRoiw.kZ gS& Hkkjr viuh vFkZO;oLFkk esa lqèkkj djus] bls vfèkd 
xgjkbZ nsus vkSj vfu;ferrkvksa dks nwj djus ds fy, ,vkbZ vkSj e'khu 
yfu±x dks vxyh ifjorZudkjh çfØ;k ds :i esa ns[krk gSA
;g çfØ;k igys gh ukxfjd igpku vkSj foÙkh; ysunsu ds 
fMftVhdj.k ds lkFk 'kq: gks pqdh gS] ysfdu Ñf=ke esèkk dk mi;ksx 
bls ,d u;k vk;ke vkSj xgjkbZ nsxkA
,vkbZ vkSj e'khu yfu±x Hkkjr ds fy, fo'ks"k :i ls mi;qDr gSa 
D;ksafd ;g nqfu;k dk lcls cM+k yksdrkaf=kd MsVk ;k ml MsVk dk 
l`tudrkZ gS ftls yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu ds rgr mRiUu vkSj fo'ysf"kr 
fd;k tk jgk gSA
MsVk dk ;g [ktkuk Hkkjr ds LokLF; lsok ls ysdj 
fofuekZ.k vkSj miHkksDrk O;ogkj fo'ys"k.k rd dbZ {ks=kksa ds fy, 
YkkHkdkjh gSA ysfdu MsVk ds bl fo'kky [ktkus dk okLrfod 
lnqi;ksx] dsoy çHkkoh ,vkbZ vkSj e'khu yfu±x dk mi;ksx djds 
fudkyk tk ldrk gSA
;kstuk] twu 2022 25
blfy,] Hkkjrh; MsVk ij ,slh rduhdksa dk mi;ksx u dsoy 
Hkkjr esa cfYd nqfu;k Hkj esa fu.kZ; ysus ds fy, egRoiw.kZ gksxk 
D;ksafd Hkkjr esa fofoèk izdkj ds yksx vkSj laLÑfr;ka gaS vkSj blfy, 
bldk MsVk dbZ iSVuZ fuèkkZfjr djus esa enn dj ldrk gS tks nqfu;k 
ds dbZ vU; fgLlkas esa eqf'dy gks ldrk gSA 
CykWdpsu tSlh vU; rduhdksa ds lkFk ,vkbZ vkSj e'khu 
yfu±x dk mi;ksx Hkwfe ysunsu vkSj fpfdRlk fjdkWMZ j[kus esa 
yacs le; ls pyh vk jgh uhfrxr pqukSfr;ksa dk lekèkku djus 
esa l{ke gksxkA
Hkkjr MsVk dk nqfu;k dk lcls cM+k ukxfjd iwy cuk jgk gS] 
ftls ikjn'khZ :i ls çcafèkr fd;k tkrk gS] vkSj ,sls *LVSd* ij] 
fofHkUu çdkj ds vuqç;ksxksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA ,slk 
çR;sd ,fIyds'ku] cnys esa] ijLij izHkko Mkyrk gS] bl çdkj 
ukxfjd dks ,d lgt vuqHko çnku djrk gSA
;g bu ç.kkfy;ksa dks lajsf[kr vkSj ,dhÑr djus ds fy, 
DokaVe dEI;wfVax {kerk vkSj fpi cukus dh {kerk dk Hkh fuekZ.k 
dj jgk gSA Hkkjr nqfu;k ds lcls cM+s LekVZiQksu fuekZrkvksa esa ls ,d 
gS] bldk ,d u;k lsehdaMDVj dk;ZØe gS] vkSj blds Mªksu rFkk 
jkscksfVDl m|ksx bldh vFkZO;oLFkk ds dqN lcls jksekapd {ks=k gSaA 
,vkbZ rFkk e'khu yfu±x vkSj CykWdpsu] ,slh vU; rduhdksa ds lkFk  
fo'ys"k.kkRed lkWÝVos;j gSa tks gkMZos;j ds iwjd gSaA Hkkjr] lkWÝVos;j 
,st+ , lfoZl (lkl) ;kuh ,d lsok ds :i esa lkWÝVos;j ds fy, 
,d fo'o&vxz.kh xarO; Hkh gSA Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj lacafèkr rduhdksa 
dk mi;ksx c<+kdj] Hkkjr dh ekStwnk rduhdh 'kfDr dks c<+kok 
fn;k tk ldrk gSA
Hkkjr esa] ns'k dh yksdrkaf=kd çfØ;kvksa dks xgjkbZ nsus ds fy, 
,vkbZ vkSj e'khu yfu±x dk mi;ksx 'kklu esa fd;k tkus yxk gSA 
f'k{kk ls ysdj j{kk rd] LokLF; ls ysdj bZ&dkWelZ rd 'kk;n gh 
dksbZ ,slk {ks=k gks] tgk¡ ;g çHkko rst+h ls fn[kkbZ u ns jgk gksA   n
lanHkZ%
1. https://cset.georgetown.edu/publication/mapping-indias-ai-potential/
2- uSLdkWe& MsykW;Vh twu 2021 fjiksVZ 
3. www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2020/01/09/1968230/0/
en/India-Artificial-Intelligence-AI-Market-Size-2016-2025-
and-Spending-Across-18-Sectors-140-Application-Segments-
AI-Domains-and-Technology-Applications-Services-Hardware.
html#:~:text=Artificial%20Intelligence%20(AI)%20spend%20
in,US%24%2011%2C781.9%20million%20by%202025
D;k vki tkurs gSa\ varjjk"Vªh; ;ksx fnol
ewjgsu ;ksx pVkbZ
gk
Fk ls cuh ewjgsu pVkb;k¡ gekjs gh ns'k ds eNqvkjs leqnk; 
dk liQy iz;kl gS tks nhiksj chy osVySaM esa miyCèk 
izkÑfrd lkexzh ls cukbZ tk jgh gSaA ewjgsu ;ksx pVkbZ dk ;g 
uke dSe lksjbZ (nhiksj chy oU;izk.kh vHk;kj.;] vle ds fuoklh 
vkSj tkequh jax ds i{kh ^iiZy ewjgsu*) ds uke ij j[kk x;k gSA 
bu pVkb;ksa dks cquus dk dke bl 
vHk;kj.; ds fdukjs ij jgus okyh 
eNqvkjs leqnk; dh efgykvksa dh 
ns[kjs[k vkSj vxqvkbZ esa gksrk gSA bu 
eNqvkfjuksa ds ifjokjksa dh xqtj&clj 
dk ,dek=k lgkjk ;g osVySaM gh gSA 
bu eNqvkfjuksa us dqnjrh rkSj 
ij miyCèk js'ks dh izkslsflax esa 
egkjr gkfly dj yh gS vkSj 
i;kZoj.k (bdksflLVe) esa izkÑfrd 
:i ls feyus okyh uhyh ty ef.k;ksa ls mudh vR;ar vkd"kZd 
ls ltkoV djrh gSaA 
egkekjh dk izdksi iQSyus ds nkSjku buesa ls dqNsd efgykvksa 
us vius leqnk; dh vU; efgykvksa ds lg;ksx ls ^izQh iQkWj 
vkWy* ;kuh ^lcds fy, eqÝr* izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe vk;ksftr fd;k 
rkfd vU; yksxksa dks Hkh vkthfodk dk lkèku fey ldsA Hkkjr 
ljdkj ds foKku vkSj VsDuksykWth foHkkx ds varxZr Lok;Ùk 
laLFkk iwoksZÙkj {ks=k izkS|ksfxdh iz;ksx vkSj igq¡p dsanz (usDVj) us 
bl ifj;kstuk ls tqM+h leqnk; dh lHkh efgykvksa dks 'kkfey 
djds uokpkj igy 'kq: dh vkSj bl rjg vkerkSj ij csdkj 
vkSj iQkyrw le>s tkus okys ty ikSèkksa ds bLrseky ls dekbZ dk 
lkèku tqVkus dh 'kkunkj 'kq#vkr gks xbZA 
;g èkkj.kk rhu ^vkj* & jkbV (vfèkdkj)] jsoksY;w'ku 
(Økafr) vkSj fjys'kuf'ki (lacaèk) ij vkèkkfjr gSA vkt 
ogka nwjnjkt+ ds rhu xkaoksa dh 
38 efgyk,a lIrkg esa Ng fnu 
dke djds ;ksx pVkb;k¡ cukus 
esa yxh gSaA 
ikuh esa [kjirokj dh rjg 
gksus okyh bl iQkyrw ?kkl ds 
izkÑfrd xq.kksa ds lHkh igyqvksa ij 
fopkj vkSj gkFk ls cquh pVkbZ dh 
mi;ksfxrk dks lksp&le>dj ;g 
pVkbZ rS;kj djus dh 'kq:vkr dh 
xbZ tks 100 izfr'kr ck;ksfMxzsMscy vkSj 100 izfr'kr daiksLVscy 
gksus ds lkFk gh ;ksx djus ds fy, loZFkk mi;qDr gSA bl 
ifj;kstuk ls osVySaM ds tyh; bdksflLVe dks ikuh esa dqnjrh 
iuius okys [kjirokj ls NqVdkjk fey jgk gS vkSj mi;ksxh mRikn 
rS;kj djus esa liQyrk gkfly gqbZ gSA lkFk gh] LFkkuh; eNqvkjk 
leqnk; ds ifjokjksa dks vkenuh dk t+fj;k fey x;k ftlls os 
^vkRefuHkZj* cu x, gSaA bu ;ksx pVkb;ksa dks ^osLV Vw osYFk* 
vFkkZr~ ^dpjs ls dekbZ* ;kstuk ds rgr izkS|ksfxdh leFkZu Hkh 
fey jgk gSA                                      n
Page 4


;kstuk] twu 2022 23
f=ke esèkk isVsaV Jsf.k;ksasa }kjk 'kh"kZ 10 ns'kksa esa Hkkjr dks 
:l vkSj izQkal ls vkxs] 8osa LFkku dh jsafdax nh xbZ Fkh
1
] 
;gk¡ Ñf=ke esèkk ls lacafèkr isVsaV ,Iyhds'ku 2012 ls 
2018 rd nl xquk c<+s gSaA ^,vkbZ buscYM lkl % n usDLV izQafV;j 
iQkWj Xykscy lkl LVkVZ&vIl izQkWe bafM;k* 'kh"kZd okyh ,d fjiksVZ  
us bl ckr ij çdk'k Mkyk fd Ñf=ke esèkk] 2030 rd 9]00]000 
ls vfèkd liQsniks'k ukSdfj;ksa vkSj 3-6 fefy;u vçR;{k ukSdfj;ksa 
dk l`tu dj ldrh gSA blds vfrfjDr] Hkkjr esa 1]300 ls vfèkd 
oSf'od {kerk dsaæ (thlhlh) gSa] ftuesa çR;sd ikap esa ls ,d] çeq[k 
O;kolkf;d dk;ks± esa Ñf=ke esèkk dk mi;ksx djrk gS] tSls lkbcj 
lqj{kk] xzkgd lsok] vkiwfrZ  Ük`a[kyk vkSj lapkyu çcaèkuA
2
Hkkjr mu eqV~Bh Hkj ns'kksa esa ls ,d gS] ftUgksaus mUufr'khy Ñf=ke 
esèkk m|ksx dh lgk;rk ds fy,] Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj blds lac¼ {ks=k] 
e'khu yfu±x ds mi;ksx ds fy, ,d oSpkfjd 
jk"Vªh; <kapk fodflr fd;k gSA ,vkbZ vkSj 
e'khu yfu±x ij ljdkjh [kpZ Hkh 2019&2025 
dh vofèk esa 39 çfr'kr dh lh,thvkj dh 
visf{kr o`f¼ ds lkFk 2025
3
 esa 11]781-9 
fefy;u vejhdh MkWyj rd igq¡pus ds lkFk 
yxkrkj c<+ jgk gSA ljdkj ds fFkad VSad uhfr 
vk;ksx ds vuqlkj] 2035 rd] Ñf=ke esèkk 
esaas Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa 1 fVªfy;u vejhdh 
Mkyj dh o`f¼ djus dh {kerk gSA gkykafd] 
fgaMksy lsuxqIrk] bUosLV bafM;k dh LVªªSVsftd bUosLVesaV fjlpZ ;wfuV ds mikè;{k rFkk izeq[k gSaA bZesy% hindol.sengupta@investindia.org.in
HkO;k R;kxh blh laLFkku esa 'kksèkdrkZ gSaA
Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj e'khu yfu±x
fgaMksy lsuxqIrk
HkO;k R;kxh
m|ksx 4-0] çkS|ksfxfd;ksa ds ,d ,sls ;qx dh 'kq#vkr djus ds fy, rS;kj gS tks gekjs vklikl dh 
nqfu;k ds lkFk ijLij izHkko ds rjhds dks iwjh rjg ls cny nsxkA Ñf=ke esèkk ;kuh vkfVZfiQf'k;y us 
baVsfytsal&vkbZ, @ e'khu yfu±x] baVjusV vkWiQ fFkaXl&vkbZvksVh] 5th] vkWxesaVsM fj;fyVh] fcx MsVk] 
uSuks VsDuksykWth] jkscksfVDl vkSj 3Mh fçafVax fofHkUu m|ksxksa esa ifjpkyu] dk;kZRed vkSj dk;Zuhfrd 
ifjn`'; dks cny jgs gSaA Hkkjr esa] futh rFkk lkoZtfud nksuksa m|e vkSj dsaæ rFkk jkT; ljdkjsa & 
fofuekZ.k ls ysdj lsokvksa rd esa Ñf=ke esèkk ds mi;ksx ds fy, fuos'k dj jgh gSaA Hkkjr esa vfèkdka'k 
m|e iwath fufèk;u vc cSafdax] foÙkh; lsokvksa rFkk chek {ks=k (ch,iQ,lvkbZ)] bZ&dkWelZ] LokLF; 
lsokvksa] bysDVªkWfuDl vkSj v{k; ÅtkZ LVkVZvi dh Ñf=ke esèkk ifj;kstukvksa esa gks jgk gSA
Ñf=ke esèkk dks liQyrkiwoZd viukus ds fy, dk;Zuhfr] dk;kZUo;u] 
tksf[ke çcaèku vkSj ,vkbZ&l{ke dk;Zcy dh vko';drk gksxhA 
Ñf=ke esèkk esa uokpkjksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, Hkh ,d lqO;ofLFkr 
jk"Vªh; uhfrxr <kapk vko';d gSA
bl lacaèk esa] Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dks cnyus ds fy, Ñf=ke 
esèkk dh {kerk vkSj bl {kerk dk nksgu djus ds fy, ,d O;kid 
dk;Zuhfrd <kaps ds fuekZ.k dh Hkkjr dh vko';drk dks igpkurs 
gq,] uhfr vk;ksx us twu 2018 esa Ñf=ke esèkk #,vkbZiQkWjvkWy ds 
fy, ,d jk"Vªh; dk;Zuhfr tkjh dhA ;g Hkkjr ds fy, lekos'kh vkSj 
lkekftd fodkl lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, Hkfo"; dh çkS|ksfxfd;ksa 
dk ykHk mBkus ds fy, jksMeSi rS;kj djrh gSA #,vkbZiQkWjvkWy dk 
mís'; fodkl'khy vkSj mHkjrh vFkZO;oLFkkvksa ds ykHk ds fy, 
esM&bu&bafM;k Ñf=ke esèkk lekèkkuksa rd igq¡p] lkeF;Z vkSj n{krk 
dh pqukSfr;ksa dk lekèkku djus ds fy, ekuoh; 
{kerkvksa dks c<+kuk vkSj l'kDr cukuk gSA ;gk¡ 
Hkkjr ds fy, lekèkku dk eryc nqfu;k ds 40 
iQhlnh fgLls ds fy, lekèkku djuk gSA ,slk 
djus esa] ;g nLrkost ikap çkFkfedrk okys {ks=kksa 
dh igpku djrk gS ftUgsa lkekftd t:jrksa 
dks gy djus esa bu ifjorZudkjh çkS|ksfxfd;ksa 
dks viukus ls lcls vfèkd o`f¼'khy ewY; 
çkIr djus dh dYiuk dh xbZ gSA ;s gSa&LokLF; 
vko';drk,a d) LokLF; ns[kHkky& xq.koÙkk 
Ñ
vuqiz;ksx
i+Qksdl
24 ;kstuk] twu 2022
ljdkj esa Hkkjrh; Ñf=ke esèkk 
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa] orZeku esa 
{kerk fuekZ.k uhfr;ka] uokpkj 
dsaæ vkSj ifj;kstuk,a 'kkfey gSaA 
gkykafd] çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dh pqLr 
çÑfr dks ns[krs gq,] dbZ 'kksèk 
fjiksVks± us Ñf=ke esèkk &lapkfyr 
çfØ;kvksa esa ckèkkvksa vkSj 
tfVyrkvksa dks nwj djus vkSj Ñf=ke 
esèkk ds ekudhdj.k dks lqfuf'pr 
djus ds fy, ,d pqLr fu;ked 
rFkk cqfu;knh <kaps ds fodkl vkSj 
rSukrh ds fy, t+ksj fn;k gSA
vkSj fdiQk;rh LokLF; ns[kHkky rd igq¡p 
c<+kuk] [k) Ñf"k& iQly mit c<+kuk ] 
[kk| lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djuk vkSj fdlkuksa 
dh vk; esa o`f¼] x) f'k{kk& f'k{kk dh 
xq.koÙkk vkSj ekuo lalkèku l`tukRedrk 
esa o`f¼] ?k) LekVZ 'kgj vkSj cqfu;knh 
<kapk& dq'ky laidZ lqfuf'pr djuk vkSj 
LekVZ 'kgjh fu;kstu dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj 
p) LekVZ xfr'khyrk vkSj ifjogu& n{k 
vkSj lqjf{kr ifjoguA jk"Vªh; dk;Zuhfr dk 
mís'; vuqnku] mRikn rFkk lekèkku fodkl] 
m|ksx ds lkFk lg;ksx vkSj LVkVZvIl dks 
esaVjf'ki lgk;rk ds ekè;e ls Hkkjr ds 
Ñf=ke esèkk ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dh lgk;rk 
djrk vkSj l{ke cukuk gSA bl fjiksVZ ds 
tkjh gksus ds ckn ls] uhfr vk;ksx us vVy 
uokpkj fe'ku] vfèkdkj izkIr lewg&6] vkj,vkbZ,lbZ 2020 f'k[kj 
lEesyu vkfn tSlh dbZ igy 'kq: dh gSaA uhfr vk;ksx dh çeq[k 
Ñf=ke esèkk igy ds lg;ksx ls çdkf'kr] ftEesnkj Ñf=ke esèkk 
n`f"Vdks.k nLrkost jgk gSA bls vxyh Ñf=ke esèkk vkS|ksfxd Økafr ds 
fy, fo'o vkfFkZd eap dsaæ ds lg;ksx ls izdkf'kr fd;k x;k gSA 
;g nLrkost Hkkjr esa Ñf=ke esèkk ds fMtkbu] fodkl vkSj rSukrh ds 
fy, O;kid uSfrdrk vkSj fl¼karksa dks LFkkfir djus dk iz;kl gSA
ljdkj esa Hkkjrh; Ñf=ke esèkk ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa] orZeku 
esa {kerk fuekZ.k] uhfr;ka] uokpkj dsaæ vkSj ifj;kstuk,a 'kkfey gSaA 
gkykafd] çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dh pqLr çÑfr dks ns[krs gq,] dbZ 'kksèk fjiksVks± 
us Ñf=ke esèkk &lapkfyr çfØ;kvksa esa ckèkkvksa vkSj tfVyrkvksa dks 
nwj djus vkSj Ñf=ke esèkk ds ekudhdj.k dks lqfuf'pr djus ds 
fy, ,d pqLr fu;ked rFkk cqfu;knh <kaps ds fodkl vkSj rSukrh ds 
fy, t+ksj fn;k gSA bls è;ku esa j[krs gq,] nwjlapkj foHkkx (MhvksVh) 
dh Hkkjr dh ,vkbZ ekudhdj.k lfefr us bafM;k vkfVZfiQf'k;y 
baVsfytsal LVSd ij dk;Z&izk:i dk elkSnk tkjh fd;k rkfd lHkh {ks=kksa 
esa Ñf=ke esèkk dk ykHkdkjh  :i ls nksgu djus vkSj vU; phtksa ds 
lkFk varj&lfØ;rk ykus ds fy, vuqdwy ekgkSy cuk;k tk ldsA 
LVSd dks Ng ijrksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gS& ikap eq[; gksfjt+ksaVy 
ijrsa vkSj ,d ofVZdy ijr& buesa ls çR;sd lwpuk ,d=k djus vkSj 
HkaMkj.k ls ysdj lqj{kk vkSj xous±l rd ,d fof'k"V mís'; dks iwjk 
djrh gSA ;g fjiksVZ] ,vkbZ LVSd ds dbZ ykHkksa ij çdk'k Mkyrh 
gS tSls lqjf{kr MsVk HkaMkj.k vkSj MsVk xksiuh;rk] vklku baVjiQsl] 
fMftVy vfèkdkjksa dh j{kk] [kqyk ,ihvkbZ ,dhdj.k] fo'oluh;rk] 
uSfrd ekud vkSj ljdkjh lkoZtfud dqath iwokZèkkj (ihdsvkbZ) 
dk mi;ksxA ;g vkxs vuqlaèkku esa lkoZtfud vkSj futh Hkkxhnkjh 
c<+kus] Ñf=ke esèkk dks viukus esa rst+h ykus] dk;Zcy dks dq'ky 
cukus vkSj ,d ftEesnkj Ñf=ke esèkk ds fy, uSfrdrk vkSj fl¼kar 
lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, jksMeSi rS;kj djrk gSA ;g eYVh&DykmM 
ifjn`';ksa lfgr ,d lkekU; MsVk fu;a=kd dk fuekZ.k Hkh lqfuf'pr 
djrk gSA bl çLrkfor ,vkbZ LVSd ds çeq[k ykHkksa esa ls ,d ;g gS 
fd ;g [kqys ,ihvkbZ ,dhdj.k dh lqfoèkk 
çnku djsxk vkSj Ñf=ke esèkk volajpuk dk 
fuekZ.k djsxkA blds ekè;e ls] ljdkj dk 
y{; Ñf=ke esèkk esa vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl 
esa rst+h ykus ds fy, laLFkkuksa ds fy, ,d 
larqfyr O;oLFkk çnku djuk gS vkSj ewY; 
Ük`a[kyk esa Ñf=ke esèkk dks rst+h ls viukuk 
lqfuf'pr djuk gSA
Hkkjr mu eqëh Hkj ns'kksa esa ls ,d 
gS ftUgksaus Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj blds lac¼ 
{ks=k] 'kklu çfØ;kvksa esa e'khu yfu±x 
ds mi;ksx ds fy, ,d oSpkfjd <kapk 
fodflr fd;k gSA
Hkkjr fMftVy LokLF; dks c<+kok nsus] 
vkSj fMftVy foÙkh; ysunsu dks c<+kus ls 
ysdj isa'kuHkksfx;ksa dks muds Hkqxrku dks 
vfèkd vklkuh ls çkIr djus esa enn djus vkSj ck?kksa dk irk yxkus 
rFkk mUgsa lajf{kr djus esa Ñf=ke esèkk dks mi;ksx esa yk jgk gSA
rsyaxkuk esa] isa'kuHkksfx;ksa dks çekf.kr djus esa Ñf=ke esèkk dh 
lgk;rk yh tk jgh gS vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk jgk gS fd Hkqxrku 
thfor isa'kuHkksfx;ksa dks feys (bl çdkj] Hkz"Vkpkj dh laHkkouk dks 
nwj djrs gq,) vkSj çkIrdrkZvksa dks ekU; djus esa enn djus ds fy, 
cqfu;knh Nfo;ksa vkSj lwpukvksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tk jgk gSA
dkWjiksjsV ekeyksa dk ea=kky;] dkWiksZjsV iQkbfyax dks vklku 
cukus ds fy, Ñf=ke esèkk dk mi;ksx dj jgk gS] tcfd lsaVj 
iQkWj vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal ,aM jkscksfVDl (lh,vkbZvkj) dks 
MhvkjMhvks (j{kk vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl laxBu) ds Ñf=ke esèkk ls 
lacafèkr dk;ks± ds fy, ,d fo'ks"k dsaæ ds :i esa cuk;k x;k gSA 
us'kuy fjlpZ iQkmaMs'ku ds fy, Ñf=ke esèkk] fo'ks"k egRo dk {ks=k 
gS] vkSj bl {ks=k esa ubZ çfrHkkvksa dks çksRlkfgr djus ds fy, Ldwy 
Lrj ij bls c<+kok fn;k tk jgk gSA
bl fn'kk esa dh xbZ igy dh la[;k dh fxurh ls vfèkd 
egRoiw.kZ gS& Hkkjr viuh vFkZO;oLFkk esa lqèkkj djus] bls vfèkd 
xgjkbZ nsus vkSj vfu;ferrkvksa dks nwj djus ds fy, ,vkbZ vkSj e'khu 
yfu±x dks vxyh ifjorZudkjh çfØ;k ds :i esa ns[krk gSA
;g çfØ;k igys gh ukxfjd igpku vkSj foÙkh; ysunsu ds 
fMftVhdj.k ds lkFk 'kq: gks pqdh gS] ysfdu Ñf=ke esèkk dk mi;ksx 
bls ,d u;k vk;ke vkSj xgjkbZ nsxkA
,vkbZ vkSj e'khu yfu±x Hkkjr ds fy, fo'ks"k :i ls mi;qDr gSa 
D;ksafd ;g nqfu;k dk lcls cM+k yksdrkaf=kd MsVk ;k ml MsVk dk 
l`tudrkZ gS ftls yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu ds rgr mRiUu vkSj fo'ysf"kr 
fd;k tk jgk gSA
MsVk dk ;g [ktkuk Hkkjr ds LokLF; lsok ls ysdj 
fofuekZ.k vkSj miHkksDrk O;ogkj fo'ys"k.k rd dbZ {ks=kksa ds fy, 
YkkHkdkjh gSA ysfdu MsVk ds bl fo'kky [ktkus dk okLrfod 
lnqi;ksx] dsoy çHkkoh ,vkbZ vkSj e'khu yfu±x dk mi;ksx djds 
fudkyk tk ldrk gSA
;kstuk] twu 2022 25
blfy,] Hkkjrh; MsVk ij ,slh rduhdksa dk mi;ksx u dsoy 
Hkkjr esa cfYd nqfu;k Hkj esa fu.kZ; ysus ds fy, egRoiw.kZ gksxk 
D;ksafd Hkkjr esa fofoèk izdkj ds yksx vkSj laLÑfr;ka gaS vkSj blfy, 
bldk MsVk dbZ iSVuZ fuèkkZfjr djus esa enn dj ldrk gS tks nqfu;k 
ds dbZ vU; fgLlkas esa eqf'dy gks ldrk gSA 
CykWdpsu tSlh vU; rduhdksa ds lkFk ,vkbZ vkSj e'khu 
yfu±x dk mi;ksx Hkwfe ysunsu vkSj fpfdRlk fjdkWMZ j[kus esa 
yacs le; ls pyh vk jgh uhfrxr pqukSfr;ksa dk lekèkku djus 
esa l{ke gksxkA
Hkkjr MsVk dk nqfu;k dk lcls cM+k ukxfjd iwy cuk jgk gS] 
ftls ikjn'khZ :i ls çcafèkr fd;k tkrk gS] vkSj ,sls *LVSd* ij] 
fofHkUu çdkj ds vuqç;ksxksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA ,slk 
çR;sd ,fIyds'ku] cnys esa] ijLij izHkko Mkyrk gS] bl çdkj 
ukxfjd dks ,d lgt vuqHko çnku djrk gSA
;g bu ç.kkfy;ksa dks lajsf[kr vkSj ,dhÑr djus ds fy, 
DokaVe dEI;wfVax {kerk vkSj fpi cukus dh {kerk dk Hkh fuekZ.k 
dj jgk gSA Hkkjr nqfu;k ds lcls cM+s LekVZiQksu fuekZrkvksa esa ls ,d 
gS] bldk ,d u;k lsehdaMDVj dk;ZØe gS] vkSj blds Mªksu rFkk 
jkscksfVDl m|ksx bldh vFkZO;oLFkk ds dqN lcls jksekapd {ks=k gSaA 
,vkbZ rFkk e'khu yfu±x vkSj CykWdpsu] ,slh vU; rduhdksa ds lkFk  
fo'ys"k.kkRed lkWÝVos;j gSa tks gkMZos;j ds iwjd gSaA Hkkjr] lkWÝVos;j 
,st+ , lfoZl (lkl) ;kuh ,d lsok ds :i esa lkWÝVos;j ds fy, 
,d fo'o&vxz.kh xarO; Hkh gSA Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj lacafèkr rduhdksa 
dk mi;ksx c<+kdj] Hkkjr dh ekStwnk rduhdh 'kfDr dks c<+kok 
fn;k tk ldrk gSA
Hkkjr esa] ns'k dh yksdrkaf=kd çfØ;kvksa dks xgjkbZ nsus ds fy, 
,vkbZ vkSj e'khu yfu±x dk mi;ksx 'kklu esa fd;k tkus yxk gSA 
f'k{kk ls ysdj j{kk rd] LokLF; ls ysdj bZ&dkWelZ rd 'kk;n gh 
dksbZ ,slk {ks=k gks] tgk¡ ;g çHkko rst+h ls fn[kkbZ u ns jgk gksA   n
lanHkZ%
1. https://cset.georgetown.edu/publication/mapping-indias-ai-potential/
2- uSLdkWe& MsykW;Vh twu 2021 fjiksVZ 
3. www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2020/01/09/1968230/0/
en/India-Artificial-Intelligence-AI-Market-Size-2016-2025-
and-Spending-Across-18-Sectors-140-Application-Segments-
AI-Domains-and-Technology-Applications-Services-Hardware.
html#:~:text=Artificial%20Intelligence%20(AI)%20spend%20
in,US%24%2011%2C781.9%20million%20by%202025
D;k vki tkurs gSa\ varjjk"Vªh; ;ksx fnol
ewjgsu ;ksx pVkbZ
gk
Fk ls cuh ewjgsu pVkb;k¡ gekjs gh ns'k ds eNqvkjs leqnk; 
dk liQy iz;kl gS tks nhiksj chy osVySaM esa miyCèk 
izkÑfrd lkexzh ls cukbZ tk jgh gSaA ewjgsu ;ksx pVkbZ dk ;g 
uke dSe lksjbZ (nhiksj chy oU;izk.kh vHk;kj.;] vle ds fuoklh 
vkSj tkequh jax ds i{kh ^iiZy ewjgsu*) ds uke ij j[kk x;k gSA 
bu pVkb;ksa dks cquus dk dke bl 
vHk;kj.; ds fdukjs ij jgus okyh 
eNqvkjs leqnk; dh efgykvksa dh 
ns[kjs[k vkSj vxqvkbZ esa gksrk gSA bu 
eNqvkfjuksa ds ifjokjksa dh xqtj&clj 
dk ,dek=k lgkjk ;g osVySaM gh gSA 
bu eNqvkfjuksa us dqnjrh rkSj 
ij miyCèk js'ks dh izkslsflax esa 
egkjr gkfly dj yh gS vkSj 
i;kZoj.k (bdksflLVe) esa izkÑfrd 
:i ls feyus okyh uhyh ty ef.k;ksa ls mudh vR;ar vkd"kZd 
ls ltkoV djrh gSaA 
egkekjh dk izdksi iQSyus ds nkSjku buesa ls dqNsd efgykvksa 
us vius leqnk; dh vU; efgykvksa ds lg;ksx ls ^izQh iQkWj 
vkWy* ;kuh ^lcds fy, eqÝr* izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe vk;ksftr fd;k 
rkfd vU; yksxksa dks Hkh vkthfodk dk lkèku fey ldsA Hkkjr 
ljdkj ds foKku vkSj VsDuksykWth foHkkx ds varxZr Lok;Ùk 
laLFkk iwoksZÙkj {ks=k izkS|ksfxdh iz;ksx vkSj igq¡p dsanz (usDVj) us 
bl ifj;kstuk ls tqM+h leqnk; dh lHkh efgykvksa dks 'kkfey 
djds uokpkj igy 'kq: dh vkSj bl rjg vkerkSj ij csdkj 
vkSj iQkyrw le>s tkus okys ty ikSèkksa ds bLrseky ls dekbZ dk 
lkèku tqVkus dh 'kkunkj 'kq#vkr gks xbZA 
;g èkkj.kk rhu ^vkj* & jkbV (vfèkdkj)] jsoksY;w'ku 
(Økafr) vkSj fjys'kuf'ki (lacaèk) ij vkèkkfjr gSA vkt 
ogka nwjnjkt+ ds rhu xkaoksa dh 
38 efgyk,a lIrkg esa Ng fnu 
dke djds ;ksx pVkb;k¡ cukus 
esa yxh gSaA 
ikuh esa [kjirokj dh rjg 
gksus okyh bl iQkyrw ?kkl ds 
izkÑfrd xq.kksa ds lHkh igyqvksa ij 
fopkj vkSj gkFk ls cquh pVkbZ dh 
mi;ksfxrk dks lksp&le>dj ;g 
pVkbZ rS;kj djus dh 'kq:vkr dh 
xbZ tks 100 izfr'kr ck;ksfMxzsMscy vkSj 100 izfr'kr daiksLVscy 
gksus ds lkFk gh ;ksx djus ds fy, loZFkk mi;qDr gSA bl 
ifj;kstuk ls osVySaM ds tyh; bdksflLVe dks ikuh esa dqnjrh 
iuius okys [kjirokj ls NqVdkjk fey jgk gS vkSj mi;ksxh mRikn 
rS;kj djus esa liQyrk gkfly gqbZ gSA lkFk gh] LFkkuh; eNqvkjk 
leqnk; ds ifjokjksa dks vkenuh dk t+fj;k fey x;k ftlls os 
^vkRefuHkZj* cu x, gSaA bu ;ksx pVkb;ksa dks ^osLV Vw osYFk* 
vFkkZr~ ^dpjs ls dekbZ* ;kstuk ds rgr izkS|ksfxdh leFkZu Hkh 
fey jgk gSA                                      n
28 ;kstuk] twu 2022
i`"BHkwfe % lHkh Hkkjrh;ksa vkSj fo'ks"kdj xjhc vkSj 
oafpr yksxksa vkSj vlaxfBr {ks=k ds et+nwjksa vkSj dkexkjksa 
ds fy, lkekftd lqj{kk O;oLFkk miyCèk djkus ds 
mís'; ls vVy isa'ku ;kstuk (,ihokbZ) 'kq: dh xbZ FkhA 
ljdkj dh bl igy dk mís'; vlaxfBr {ks=k esa dke 
djus okyksa dks vkfFkZd lqj{kk iznku djuk vkSj vuns[ks 
ladV dh fLFkfr esa lgk;rk doj miyCèk djkuk gSA 
,ihokbZ dk lapkyu jk"Vªh; isa'ku iz.kkyh (,uih,l) 
ds laiw.kZ iz'kklu vkSj laLFkkxr Lo:i ds varxZr isa'ku 
dks"k fu;ked ,oa fodkl izkfèkdj.k (ihvkbZvkbZ,)  
}kjk fd;k tkrk gSA 
ik=krk % ,ihokbZ 18 ls 40 o"kZ ds mu lHkh yksxksa 
ds fy, gS ftudk fdlh cSad esa [kkrk gS vkSj ;kstuk 
dk va'knku pquh xbZ isa'ku jkf'k ds vuqlkj r; gksrk gSA 
ykHk % ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dks ;kstuk esa 'kkfey gksus ds 
ckn fn, x, va'knku ds vuqikr esa gh 60 o"kZ dh vk;q 
ds ckn 1000 #i;s ;k 2000 #i;s ;k 3000 #i;s ;k 
4000 #i;s ;k 5000 #i;s dh U;wure ekfld isa'ku nh tkrh gSA 
;kstuk ykHkksa dk forj.k (Hkqxrku) % ekfld isa'ku 
ykHkkFkhZ dks nh tkrh gS vkSj mldh e`R;q gks tkus dh fLFkfr esa 
mlds ifr@iRuh dks rFkk nksuksa dh e`R;q dh fLFkfr esa muds ukfer 
O;fDr dks ykHkkFkhZ ds 60 o"kZ dh vk;q izkIr gksus dh frfFk dks 
ns; jkf'k ds cjkcj nh tkrh gSA 
ykHkkFkhZ dh vofèk ls igys e`R;q gks tkus ij (60 o"kZ dh 
mez ls igys) mldh iRuh vFkok mlds ifr pkgsa rks ;kstuk 'ks"k 
le; ds fy, tkjh j[k ldrs gSa ;kuh rc rd tkjh j[k ldrs 
gSa tc rd ykHkkFkhZ 60 o"kZ dh mez iwjh dj ysrkA
dsanz ljdkj dk ;ksxnku % ljdkj U;wure isa'ku dh 
xkjaVh nsxh vFkkZr~ va'knku ds vuqlkj dqy tek jkf'k fuos'k ij 
tu lqj{kk dks lefiZr ;kstuk,¡
vVy isa'ku ;kstuk (,ihokbZ)
lq'kklu% ehy ds iRFkj
èkkuea=kh thou T;ksfr chek ;kstuk (ih,etstschokbZ)] 
izèkkuea=kh lqj{kk chek ;kstuk (ih,e,lchokbZ) vkSj 
vVy isa'ku ;kstuk (,ihokbZ) 2015 esa 'kq: dh xbZ 
FkhaA lkekftd lqj{kk (tu lqj{kk) dh ;s rhuksa ;kstuk,a ukxfjdksa 
ds dY;k.k ds izfr lefiZr gSa vkSj budk mís'; vuns[ks tksf[k+eksa@
[k+rjksa@uqdlkuksa vkSj foÙkh; vfuf'prkvkas ls ekuo thou dh lqj{kk 
djus dh vko';drk dks le>uk gSA ljdkj us ;g lqfuf'pr 
djus ds fy, fd ns'k esa vlaxfBr {ks=k ds yksx vkfFkZd :i ls 
lqjf{kr gksa] nks chek ;kstuk,a 'kq: dh Fkha&izèkkuea=kh thou T;ksfr 
chek ;kstuk (ih,etstschokbZ) vkSj izèkkuea=kh lqj{kk chek ;kstuk 
(ih,e,lchokbZ) rFkk o`¼koLFkk dh vkikr vko';drkvksa dh 
iwfrZ ds fy, vVy isa'ku ;kstuk (,ihokbZ) 'kq: dhA 
tgka ih,etstschokbZ vkSj ih,e,lchokbZ yksxksa dks de ykxr 
dk thou@nq?kZVuk chek doj miyCèk djkrh gS] ogha ,ihokbZ 
orZeku esa cpr ds volj miyCèk djkds o`¼koLFkk esa fu;fer 
isa'ku dh O;oLFkk djrh gSA vkb,] ekStwnk dsanz ljdkj ds vkB 
o"kZ iwjs gksus ds volj ij tu tu dks lefiZr bu rhuksa ;kstukvksa 
ds ckjs esa tkusa fd ;s yksxksa dks fdiQk;rh chek vkSj lqj{kk nsus 
esa fdruh liQy jgh gSa vkSj budh vge miyfCèk;k¡ vkSj [kwfc;ka 
D;k gSa\
visf{kr vuqekfur fjVuZ (ykHk) ls de gks vkSj U;wure xkjaVh 
isa'ku nsus ds fy, i;kZIr ugha gS rks dsanz ljdkj mldh HkjikbZ 
djsxhA nwljh vksj] ;fn fuos'k ij fjVuZ T;knk & rks ykHkkFkhZ dks 
og c<+k gqvk isa'ku&ykHk feysxkA 
Hkqxrku dh izQhDosalh % ykHkkFkhZ ,ihokbZ ds va'knku dk 
Hkqxrku ekfld@frekgh@Nekgh vkèkkj ij dj ldrs gSaA 
;kstuk dks chp esa NksM+uk % ykHkkFkhZ tc pkgsa LosPNk 
ls dqN 'krks± ij vkSj ljdkj ds lg&va'knku vkSj ml ij cuus 
okyh fjVuZ@vk; dh dVkSrh djkds ;kstuk chp esa can dj 
ldrs gSaA
miyfCèk;k¡ % 27 vizSy] 2022 dks 4 djksM+ ls vfèkd 
ykHkkFkhZ bl ;kstuk esa 'kkfey gks pqds FksA 
iz
28 ;kstuk] twu 2022
ik=krk %
,ihokbZ 18 ls 40 o"kZ ds mu lHkh yksxksa 
ds fy, gS ftudk fdlh cSad esa [kkrk gS vkSj 
;kstuk dk va'knku pquh xbZ isa'ku jkf'k ds 
vuqlkj r; gksrk gSA 
vVy 
isa'ku 
;kstuk
isa'ku dh xkjaVh
Page 5


;kstuk] twu 2022 23
f=ke esèkk isVsaV Jsf.k;ksasa }kjk 'kh"kZ 10 ns'kksa esa Hkkjr dks 
:l vkSj izQkal ls vkxs] 8osa LFkku dh jsafdax nh xbZ Fkh
1
] 
;gk¡ Ñf=ke esèkk ls lacafèkr isVsaV ,Iyhds'ku 2012 ls 
2018 rd nl xquk c<+s gSaA ^,vkbZ buscYM lkl % n usDLV izQafV;j 
iQkWj Xykscy lkl LVkVZ&vIl izQkWe bafM;k* 'kh"kZd okyh ,d fjiksVZ  
us bl ckr ij çdk'k Mkyk fd Ñf=ke esèkk] 2030 rd 9]00]000 
ls vfèkd liQsniks'k ukSdfj;ksa vkSj 3-6 fefy;u vçR;{k ukSdfj;ksa 
dk l`tu dj ldrh gSA blds vfrfjDr] Hkkjr esa 1]300 ls vfèkd 
oSf'od {kerk dsaæ (thlhlh) gSa] ftuesa çR;sd ikap esa ls ,d] çeq[k 
O;kolkf;d dk;ks± esa Ñf=ke esèkk dk mi;ksx djrk gS] tSls lkbcj 
lqj{kk] xzkgd lsok] vkiwfrZ  Ük`a[kyk vkSj lapkyu çcaèkuA
2
Hkkjr mu eqV~Bh Hkj ns'kksa esa ls ,d gS] ftUgksaus mUufr'khy Ñf=ke 
esèkk m|ksx dh lgk;rk ds fy,] Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj blds lac¼ {ks=k] 
e'khu yfu±x ds mi;ksx ds fy, ,d oSpkfjd 
jk"Vªh; <kapk fodflr fd;k gSA ,vkbZ vkSj 
e'khu yfu±x ij ljdkjh [kpZ Hkh 2019&2025 
dh vofèk esa 39 çfr'kr dh lh,thvkj dh 
visf{kr o`f¼ ds lkFk 2025
3
 esa 11]781-9 
fefy;u vejhdh MkWyj rd igq¡pus ds lkFk 
yxkrkj c<+ jgk gSA ljdkj ds fFkad VSad uhfr 
vk;ksx ds vuqlkj] 2035 rd] Ñf=ke esèkk 
esaas Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa 1 fVªfy;u vejhdh 
Mkyj dh o`f¼ djus dh {kerk gSA gkykafd] 
fgaMksy lsuxqIrk] bUosLV bafM;k dh LVªªSVsftd bUosLVesaV fjlpZ ;wfuV ds mikè;{k rFkk izeq[k gSaA bZesy% hindol.sengupta@investindia.org.in
HkO;k R;kxh blh laLFkku esa 'kksèkdrkZ gSaA
Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj e'khu yfu±x
fgaMksy lsuxqIrk
HkO;k R;kxh
m|ksx 4-0] çkS|ksfxfd;ksa ds ,d ,sls ;qx dh 'kq#vkr djus ds fy, rS;kj gS tks gekjs vklikl dh 
nqfu;k ds lkFk ijLij izHkko ds rjhds dks iwjh rjg ls cny nsxkA Ñf=ke esèkk ;kuh vkfVZfiQf'k;y us 
baVsfytsal&vkbZ, @ e'khu yfu±x] baVjusV vkWiQ fFkaXl&vkbZvksVh] 5th] vkWxesaVsM fj;fyVh] fcx MsVk] 
uSuks VsDuksykWth] jkscksfVDl vkSj 3Mh fçafVax fofHkUu m|ksxksa esa ifjpkyu] dk;kZRed vkSj dk;Zuhfrd 
ifjn`'; dks cny jgs gSaA Hkkjr esa] futh rFkk lkoZtfud nksuksa m|e vkSj dsaæ rFkk jkT; ljdkjsa & 
fofuekZ.k ls ysdj lsokvksa rd esa Ñf=ke esèkk ds mi;ksx ds fy, fuos'k dj jgh gSaA Hkkjr esa vfèkdka'k 
m|e iwath fufèk;u vc cSafdax] foÙkh; lsokvksa rFkk chek {ks=k (ch,iQ,lvkbZ)] bZ&dkWelZ] LokLF; 
lsokvksa] bysDVªkWfuDl vkSj v{k; ÅtkZ LVkVZvi dh Ñf=ke esèkk ifj;kstukvksa esa gks jgk gSA
Ñf=ke esèkk dks liQyrkiwoZd viukus ds fy, dk;Zuhfr] dk;kZUo;u] 
tksf[ke çcaèku vkSj ,vkbZ&l{ke dk;Zcy dh vko';drk gksxhA 
Ñf=ke esèkk esa uokpkjksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, Hkh ,d lqO;ofLFkr 
jk"Vªh; uhfrxr <kapk vko';d gSA
bl lacaèk esa] Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dks cnyus ds fy, Ñf=ke 
esèkk dh {kerk vkSj bl {kerk dk nksgu djus ds fy, ,d O;kid 
dk;Zuhfrd <kaps ds fuekZ.k dh Hkkjr dh vko';drk dks igpkurs 
gq,] uhfr vk;ksx us twu 2018 esa Ñf=ke esèkk #,vkbZiQkWjvkWy ds 
fy, ,d jk"Vªh; dk;Zuhfr tkjh dhA ;g Hkkjr ds fy, lekos'kh vkSj 
lkekftd fodkl lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, Hkfo"; dh çkS|ksfxfd;ksa 
dk ykHk mBkus ds fy, jksMeSi rS;kj djrh gSA #,vkbZiQkWjvkWy dk 
mís'; fodkl'khy vkSj mHkjrh vFkZO;oLFkkvksa ds ykHk ds fy, 
esM&bu&bafM;k Ñf=ke esèkk lekèkkuksa rd igq¡p] lkeF;Z vkSj n{krk 
dh pqukSfr;ksa dk lekèkku djus ds fy, ekuoh; 
{kerkvksa dks c<+kuk vkSj l'kDr cukuk gSA ;gk¡ 
Hkkjr ds fy, lekèkku dk eryc nqfu;k ds 40 
iQhlnh fgLls ds fy, lekèkku djuk gSA ,slk 
djus esa] ;g nLrkost ikap çkFkfedrk okys {ks=kksa 
dh igpku djrk gS ftUgsa lkekftd t:jrksa 
dks gy djus esa bu ifjorZudkjh çkS|ksfxfd;ksa 
dks viukus ls lcls vfèkd o`f¼'khy ewY; 
çkIr djus dh dYiuk dh xbZ gSA ;s gSa&LokLF; 
vko';drk,a d) LokLF; ns[kHkky& xq.koÙkk 
Ñ
vuqiz;ksx
i+Qksdl
24 ;kstuk] twu 2022
ljdkj esa Hkkjrh; Ñf=ke esèkk 
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa] orZeku esa 
{kerk fuekZ.k uhfr;ka] uokpkj 
dsaæ vkSj ifj;kstuk,a 'kkfey gSaA 
gkykafd] çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dh pqLr 
çÑfr dks ns[krs gq,] dbZ 'kksèk 
fjiksVks± us Ñf=ke esèkk &lapkfyr 
çfØ;kvksa esa ckèkkvksa vkSj 
tfVyrkvksa dks nwj djus vkSj Ñf=ke 
esèkk ds ekudhdj.k dks lqfuf'pr 
djus ds fy, ,d pqLr fu;ked 
rFkk cqfu;knh <kaps ds fodkl vkSj 
rSukrh ds fy, t+ksj fn;k gSA
vkSj fdiQk;rh LokLF; ns[kHkky rd igq¡p 
c<+kuk] [k) Ñf"k& iQly mit c<+kuk ] 
[kk| lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djuk vkSj fdlkuksa 
dh vk; esa o`f¼] x) f'k{kk& f'k{kk dh 
xq.koÙkk vkSj ekuo lalkèku l`tukRedrk 
esa o`f¼] ?k) LekVZ 'kgj vkSj cqfu;knh 
<kapk& dq'ky laidZ lqfuf'pr djuk vkSj 
LekVZ 'kgjh fu;kstu dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj 
p) LekVZ xfr'khyrk vkSj ifjogu& n{k 
vkSj lqjf{kr ifjoguA jk"Vªh; dk;Zuhfr dk 
mís'; vuqnku] mRikn rFkk lekèkku fodkl] 
m|ksx ds lkFk lg;ksx vkSj LVkVZvIl dks 
esaVjf'ki lgk;rk ds ekè;e ls Hkkjr ds 
Ñf=ke esèkk ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dh lgk;rk 
djrk vkSj l{ke cukuk gSA bl fjiksVZ ds 
tkjh gksus ds ckn ls] uhfr vk;ksx us vVy 
uokpkj fe'ku] vfèkdkj izkIr lewg&6] vkj,vkbZ,lbZ 2020 f'k[kj 
lEesyu vkfn tSlh dbZ igy 'kq: dh gSaA uhfr vk;ksx dh çeq[k 
Ñf=ke esèkk igy ds lg;ksx ls çdkf'kr] ftEesnkj Ñf=ke esèkk 
n`f"Vdks.k nLrkost jgk gSA bls vxyh Ñf=ke esèkk vkS|ksfxd Økafr ds 
fy, fo'o vkfFkZd eap dsaæ ds lg;ksx ls izdkf'kr fd;k x;k gSA 
;g nLrkost Hkkjr esa Ñf=ke esèkk ds fMtkbu] fodkl vkSj rSukrh ds 
fy, O;kid uSfrdrk vkSj fl¼karksa dks LFkkfir djus dk iz;kl gSA
ljdkj esa Hkkjrh; Ñf=ke esèkk ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa] orZeku 
esa {kerk fuekZ.k] uhfr;ka] uokpkj dsaæ vkSj ifj;kstuk,a 'kkfey gSaA 
gkykafd] çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dh pqLr çÑfr dks ns[krs gq,] dbZ 'kksèk fjiksVks± 
us Ñf=ke esèkk &lapkfyr çfØ;kvksa esa ckèkkvksa vkSj tfVyrkvksa dks 
nwj djus vkSj Ñf=ke esèkk ds ekudhdj.k dks lqfuf'pr djus ds 
fy, ,d pqLr fu;ked rFkk cqfu;knh <kaps ds fodkl vkSj rSukrh ds 
fy, t+ksj fn;k gSA bls è;ku esa j[krs gq,] nwjlapkj foHkkx (MhvksVh) 
dh Hkkjr dh ,vkbZ ekudhdj.k lfefr us bafM;k vkfVZfiQf'k;y 
baVsfytsal LVSd ij dk;Z&izk:i dk elkSnk tkjh fd;k rkfd lHkh {ks=kksa 
esa Ñf=ke esèkk dk ykHkdkjh  :i ls nksgu djus vkSj vU; phtksa ds 
lkFk varj&lfØ;rk ykus ds fy, vuqdwy ekgkSy cuk;k tk ldsA 
LVSd dks Ng ijrksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gS& ikap eq[; gksfjt+ksaVy 
ijrsa vkSj ,d ofVZdy ijr& buesa ls çR;sd lwpuk ,d=k djus vkSj 
HkaMkj.k ls ysdj lqj{kk vkSj xous±l rd ,d fof'k"V mís'; dks iwjk 
djrh gSA ;g fjiksVZ] ,vkbZ LVSd ds dbZ ykHkksa ij çdk'k Mkyrh 
gS tSls lqjf{kr MsVk HkaMkj.k vkSj MsVk xksiuh;rk] vklku baVjiQsl] 
fMftVy vfèkdkjksa dh j{kk] [kqyk ,ihvkbZ ,dhdj.k] fo'oluh;rk] 
uSfrd ekud vkSj ljdkjh lkoZtfud dqath iwokZèkkj (ihdsvkbZ) 
dk mi;ksxA ;g vkxs vuqlaèkku esa lkoZtfud vkSj futh Hkkxhnkjh 
c<+kus] Ñf=ke esèkk dks viukus esa rst+h ykus] dk;Zcy dks dq'ky 
cukus vkSj ,d ftEesnkj Ñf=ke esèkk ds fy, uSfrdrk vkSj fl¼kar 
lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, jksMeSi rS;kj djrk gSA ;g eYVh&DykmM 
ifjn`';ksa lfgr ,d lkekU; MsVk fu;a=kd dk fuekZ.k Hkh lqfuf'pr 
djrk gSA bl çLrkfor ,vkbZ LVSd ds çeq[k ykHkksa esa ls ,d ;g gS 
fd ;g [kqys ,ihvkbZ ,dhdj.k dh lqfoèkk 
çnku djsxk vkSj Ñf=ke esèkk volajpuk dk 
fuekZ.k djsxkA blds ekè;e ls] ljdkj dk 
y{; Ñf=ke esèkk esa vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl 
esa rst+h ykus ds fy, laLFkkuksa ds fy, ,d 
larqfyr O;oLFkk çnku djuk gS vkSj ewY; 
Ük`a[kyk esa Ñf=ke esèkk dks rst+h ls viukuk 
lqfuf'pr djuk gSA
Hkkjr mu eqëh Hkj ns'kksa esa ls ,d 
gS ftUgksaus Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj blds lac¼ 
{ks=k] 'kklu çfØ;kvksa esa e'khu yfu±x 
ds mi;ksx ds fy, ,d oSpkfjd <kapk 
fodflr fd;k gSA
Hkkjr fMftVy LokLF; dks c<+kok nsus] 
vkSj fMftVy foÙkh; ysunsu dks c<+kus ls 
ysdj isa'kuHkksfx;ksa dks muds Hkqxrku dks 
vfèkd vklkuh ls çkIr djus esa enn djus vkSj ck?kksa dk irk yxkus 
rFkk mUgsa lajf{kr djus esa Ñf=ke esèkk dks mi;ksx esa yk jgk gSA
rsyaxkuk esa] isa'kuHkksfx;ksa dks çekf.kr djus esa Ñf=ke esèkk dh 
lgk;rk yh tk jgh gS vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk jgk gS fd Hkqxrku 
thfor isa'kuHkksfx;ksa dks feys (bl çdkj] Hkz"Vkpkj dh laHkkouk dks 
nwj djrs gq,) vkSj çkIrdrkZvksa dks ekU; djus esa enn djus ds fy, 
cqfu;knh Nfo;ksa vkSj lwpukvksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tk jgk gSA
dkWjiksjsV ekeyksa dk ea=kky;] dkWiksZjsV iQkbfyax dks vklku 
cukus ds fy, Ñf=ke esèkk dk mi;ksx dj jgk gS] tcfd lsaVj 
iQkWj vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal ,aM jkscksfVDl (lh,vkbZvkj) dks 
MhvkjMhvks (j{kk vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl laxBu) ds Ñf=ke esèkk ls 
lacafèkr dk;ks± ds fy, ,d fo'ks"k dsaæ ds :i esa cuk;k x;k gSA 
us'kuy fjlpZ iQkmaMs'ku ds fy, Ñf=ke esèkk] fo'ks"k egRo dk {ks=k 
gS] vkSj bl {ks=k esa ubZ çfrHkkvksa dks çksRlkfgr djus ds fy, Ldwy 
Lrj ij bls c<+kok fn;k tk jgk gSA
bl fn'kk esa dh xbZ igy dh la[;k dh fxurh ls vfèkd 
egRoiw.kZ gS& Hkkjr viuh vFkZO;oLFkk esa lqèkkj djus] bls vfèkd 
xgjkbZ nsus vkSj vfu;ferrkvksa dks nwj djus ds fy, ,vkbZ vkSj e'khu 
yfu±x dks vxyh ifjorZudkjh çfØ;k ds :i esa ns[krk gSA
;g çfØ;k igys gh ukxfjd igpku vkSj foÙkh; ysunsu ds 
fMftVhdj.k ds lkFk 'kq: gks pqdh gS] ysfdu Ñf=ke esèkk dk mi;ksx 
bls ,d u;k vk;ke vkSj xgjkbZ nsxkA
,vkbZ vkSj e'khu yfu±x Hkkjr ds fy, fo'ks"k :i ls mi;qDr gSa 
D;ksafd ;g nqfu;k dk lcls cM+k yksdrkaf=kd MsVk ;k ml MsVk dk 
l`tudrkZ gS ftls yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu ds rgr mRiUu vkSj fo'ysf"kr 
fd;k tk jgk gSA
MsVk dk ;g [ktkuk Hkkjr ds LokLF; lsok ls ysdj 
fofuekZ.k vkSj miHkksDrk O;ogkj fo'ys"k.k rd dbZ {ks=kksa ds fy, 
YkkHkdkjh gSA ysfdu MsVk ds bl fo'kky [ktkus dk okLrfod 
lnqi;ksx] dsoy çHkkoh ,vkbZ vkSj e'khu yfu±x dk mi;ksx djds 
fudkyk tk ldrk gSA
;kstuk] twu 2022 25
blfy,] Hkkjrh; MsVk ij ,slh rduhdksa dk mi;ksx u dsoy 
Hkkjr esa cfYd nqfu;k Hkj esa fu.kZ; ysus ds fy, egRoiw.kZ gksxk 
D;ksafd Hkkjr esa fofoèk izdkj ds yksx vkSj laLÑfr;ka gaS vkSj blfy, 
bldk MsVk dbZ iSVuZ fuèkkZfjr djus esa enn dj ldrk gS tks nqfu;k 
ds dbZ vU; fgLlkas esa eqf'dy gks ldrk gSA 
CykWdpsu tSlh vU; rduhdksa ds lkFk ,vkbZ vkSj e'khu 
yfu±x dk mi;ksx Hkwfe ysunsu vkSj fpfdRlk fjdkWMZ j[kus esa 
yacs le; ls pyh vk jgh uhfrxr pqukSfr;ksa dk lekèkku djus 
esa l{ke gksxkA
Hkkjr MsVk dk nqfu;k dk lcls cM+k ukxfjd iwy cuk jgk gS] 
ftls ikjn'khZ :i ls çcafèkr fd;k tkrk gS] vkSj ,sls *LVSd* ij] 
fofHkUu çdkj ds vuqç;ksxksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA ,slk 
çR;sd ,fIyds'ku] cnys esa] ijLij izHkko Mkyrk gS] bl çdkj 
ukxfjd dks ,d lgt vuqHko çnku djrk gSA
;g bu ç.kkfy;ksa dks lajsf[kr vkSj ,dhÑr djus ds fy, 
DokaVe dEI;wfVax {kerk vkSj fpi cukus dh {kerk dk Hkh fuekZ.k 
dj jgk gSA Hkkjr nqfu;k ds lcls cM+s LekVZiQksu fuekZrkvksa esa ls ,d 
gS] bldk ,d u;k lsehdaMDVj dk;ZØe gS] vkSj blds Mªksu rFkk 
jkscksfVDl m|ksx bldh vFkZO;oLFkk ds dqN lcls jksekapd {ks=k gSaA 
,vkbZ rFkk e'khu yfu±x vkSj CykWdpsu] ,slh vU; rduhdksa ds lkFk  
fo'ys"k.kkRed lkWÝVos;j gSa tks gkMZos;j ds iwjd gSaA Hkkjr] lkWÝVos;j 
,st+ , lfoZl (lkl) ;kuh ,d lsok ds :i esa lkWÝVos;j ds fy, 
,d fo'o&vxz.kh xarO; Hkh gSA Ñf=ke esèkk vkSj lacafèkr rduhdksa 
dk mi;ksx c<+kdj] Hkkjr dh ekStwnk rduhdh 'kfDr dks c<+kok 
fn;k tk ldrk gSA
Hkkjr esa] ns'k dh yksdrkaf=kd çfØ;kvksa dks xgjkbZ nsus ds fy, 
,vkbZ vkSj e'khu yfu±x dk mi;ksx 'kklu esa fd;k tkus yxk gSA 
f'k{kk ls ysdj j{kk rd] LokLF; ls ysdj bZ&dkWelZ rd 'kk;n gh 
dksbZ ,slk {ks=k gks] tgk¡ ;g çHkko rst+h ls fn[kkbZ u ns jgk gksA   n
lanHkZ%
1. https://cset.georgetown.edu/publication/mapping-indias-ai-potential/
2- uSLdkWe& MsykW;Vh twu 2021 fjiksVZ 
3. www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2020/01/09/1968230/0/
en/India-Artificial-Intelligence-AI-Market-Size-2016-2025-
and-Spending-Across-18-Sectors-140-Application-Segments-
AI-Domains-and-Technology-Applications-Services-Hardware.
html#:~:text=Artificial%20Intelligence%20(AI)%20spend%20
in,US%24%2011%2C781.9%20million%20by%202025
D;k vki tkurs gSa\ varjjk"Vªh; ;ksx fnol
ewjgsu ;ksx pVkbZ
gk
Fk ls cuh ewjgsu pVkb;k¡ gekjs gh ns'k ds eNqvkjs leqnk; 
dk liQy iz;kl gS tks nhiksj chy osVySaM esa miyCèk 
izkÑfrd lkexzh ls cukbZ tk jgh gSaA ewjgsu ;ksx pVkbZ dk ;g 
uke dSe lksjbZ (nhiksj chy oU;izk.kh vHk;kj.;] vle ds fuoklh 
vkSj tkequh jax ds i{kh ^iiZy ewjgsu*) ds uke ij j[kk x;k gSA 
bu pVkb;ksa dks cquus dk dke bl 
vHk;kj.; ds fdukjs ij jgus okyh 
eNqvkjs leqnk; dh efgykvksa dh 
ns[kjs[k vkSj vxqvkbZ esa gksrk gSA bu 
eNqvkfjuksa ds ifjokjksa dh xqtj&clj 
dk ,dek=k lgkjk ;g osVySaM gh gSA 
bu eNqvkfjuksa us dqnjrh rkSj 
ij miyCèk js'ks dh izkslsflax esa 
egkjr gkfly dj yh gS vkSj 
i;kZoj.k (bdksflLVe) esa izkÑfrd 
:i ls feyus okyh uhyh ty ef.k;ksa ls mudh vR;ar vkd"kZd 
ls ltkoV djrh gSaA 
egkekjh dk izdksi iQSyus ds nkSjku buesa ls dqNsd efgykvksa 
us vius leqnk; dh vU; efgykvksa ds lg;ksx ls ^izQh iQkWj 
vkWy* ;kuh ^lcds fy, eqÝr* izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe vk;ksftr fd;k 
rkfd vU; yksxksa dks Hkh vkthfodk dk lkèku fey ldsA Hkkjr 
ljdkj ds foKku vkSj VsDuksykWth foHkkx ds varxZr Lok;Ùk 
laLFkk iwoksZÙkj {ks=k izkS|ksfxdh iz;ksx vkSj igq¡p dsanz (usDVj) us 
bl ifj;kstuk ls tqM+h leqnk; dh lHkh efgykvksa dks 'kkfey 
djds uokpkj igy 'kq: dh vkSj bl rjg vkerkSj ij csdkj 
vkSj iQkyrw le>s tkus okys ty ikSèkksa ds bLrseky ls dekbZ dk 
lkèku tqVkus dh 'kkunkj 'kq#vkr gks xbZA 
;g èkkj.kk rhu ^vkj* & jkbV (vfèkdkj)] jsoksY;w'ku 
(Økafr) vkSj fjys'kuf'ki (lacaèk) ij vkèkkfjr gSA vkt 
ogka nwjnjkt+ ds rhu xkaoksa dh 
38 efgyk,a lIrkg esa Ng fnu 
dke djds ;ksx pVkb;k¡ cukus 
esa yxh gSaA 
ikuh esa [kjirokj dh rjg 
gksus okyh bl iQkyrw ?kkl ds 
izkÑfrd xq.kksa ds lHkh igyqvksa ij 
fopkj vkSj gkFk ls cquh pVkbZ dh 
mi;ksfxrk dks lksp&le>dj ;g 
pVkbZ rS;kj djus dh 'kq:vkr dh 
xbZ tks 100 izfr'kr ck;ksfMxzsMscy vkSj 100 izfr'kr daiksLVscy 
gksus ds lkFk gh ;ksx djus ds fy, loZFkk mi;qDr gSA bl 
ifj;kstuk ls osVySaM ds tyh; bdksflLVe dks ikuh esa dqnjrh 
iuius okys [kjirokj ls NqVdkjk fey jgk gS vkSj mi;ksxh mRikn 
rS;kj djus esa liQyrk gkfly gqbZ gSA lkFk gh] LFkkuh; eNqvkjk 
leqnk; ds ifjokjksa dks vkenuh dk t+fj;k fey x;k ftlls os 
^vkRefuHkZj* cu x, gSaA bu ;ksx pVkb;ksa dks ^osLV Vw osYFk* 
vFkkZr~ ^dpjs ls dekbZ* ;kstuk ds rgr izkS|ksfxdh leFkZu Hkh 
fey jgk gSA                                      n
28 ;kstuk] twu 2022
i`"BHkwfe % lHkh Hkkjrh;ksa vkSj fo'ks"kdj xjhc vkSj 
oafpr yksxksa vkSj vlaxfBr {ks=k ds et+nwjksa vkSj dkexkjksa 
ds fy, lkekftd lqj{kk O;oLFkk miyCèk djkus ds 
mís'; ls vVy isa'ku ;kstuk (,ihokbZ) 'kq: dh xbZ FkhA 
ljdkj dh bl igy dk mís'; vlaxfBr {ks=k esa dke 
djus okyksa dks vkfFkZd lqj{kk iznku djuk vkSj vuns[ks 
ladV dh fLFkfr esa lgk;rk doj miyCèk djkuk gSA 
,ihokbZ dk lapkyu jk"Vªh; isa'ku iz.kkyh (,uih,l) 
ds laiw.kZ iz'kklu vkSj laLFkkxr Lo:i ds varxZr isa'ku 
dks"k fu;ked ,oa fodkl izkfèkdj.k (ihvkbZvkbZ,)  
}kjk fd;k tkrk gSA 
ik=krk % ,ihokbZ 18 ls 40 o"kZ ds mu lHkh yksxksa 
ds fy, gS ftudk fdlh cSad esa [kkrk gS vkSj ;kstuk 
dk va'knku pquh xbZ isa'ku jkf'k ds vuqlkj r; gksrk gSA 
ykHk % ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dks ;kstuk esa 'kkfey gksus ds 
ckn fn, x, va'knku ds vuqikr esa gh 60 o"kZ dh vk;q 
ds ckn 1000 #i;s ;k 2000 #i;s ;k 3000 #i;s ;k 
4000 #i;s ;k 5000 #i;s dh U;wure ekfld isa'ku nh tkrh gSA 
;kstuk ykHkksa dk forj.k (Hkqxrku) % ekfld isa'ku 
ykHkkFkhZ dks nh tkrh gS vkSj mldh e`R;q gks tkus dh fLFkfr esa 
mlds ifr@iRuh dks rFkk nksuksa dh e`R;q dh fLFkfr esa muds ukfer 
O;fDr dks ykHkkFkhZ ds 60 o"kZ dh vk;q izkIr gksus dh frfFk dks 
ns; jkf'k ds cjkcj nh tkrh gSA 
ykHkkFkhZ dh vofèk ls igys e`R;q gks tkus ij (60 o"kZ dh 
mez ls igys) mldh iRuh vFkok mlds ifr pkgsa rks ;kstuk 'ks"k 
le; ds fy, tkjh j[k ldrs gSa ;kuh rc rd tkjh j[k ldrs 
gSa tc rd ykHkkFkhZ 60 o"kZ dh mez iwjh dj ysrkA
dsanz ljdkj dk ;ksxnku % ljdkj U;wure isa'ku dh 
xkjaVh nsxh vFkkZr~ va'knku ds vuqlkj dqy tek jkf'k fuos'k ij 
tu lqj{kk dks lefiZr ;kstuk,¡
vVy isa'ku ;kstuk (,ihokbZ)
lq'kklu% ehy ds iRFkj
èkkuea=kh thou T;ksfr chek ;kstuk (ih,etstschokbZ)] 
izèkkuea=kh lqj{kk chek ;kstuk (ih,e,lchokbZ) vkSj 
vVy isa'ku ;kstuk (,ihokbZ) 2015 esa 'kq: dh xbZ 
FkhaA lkekftd lqj{kk (tu lqj{kk) dh ;s rhuksa ;kstuk,a ukxfjdksa 
ds dY;k.k ds izfr lefiZr gSa vkSj budk mís'; vuns[ks tksf[k+eksa@
[k+rjksa@uqdlkuksa vkSj foÙkh; vfuf'prkvkas ls ekuo thou dh lqj{kk 
djus dh vko';drk dks le>uk gSA ljdkj us ;g lqfuf'pr 
djus ds fy, fd ns'k esa vlaxfBr {ks=k ds yksx vkfFkZd :i ls 
lqjf{kr gksa] nks chek ;kstuk,a 'kq: dh Fkha&izèkkuea=kh thou T;ksfr 
chek ;kstuk (ih,etstschokbZ) vkSj izèkkuea=kh lqj{kk chek ;kstuk 
(ih,e,lchokbZ) rFkk o`¼koLFkk dh vkikr vko';drkvksa dh 
iwfrZ ds fy, vVy isa'ku ;kstuk (,ihokbZ) 'kq: dhA 
tgka ih,etstschokbZ vkSj ih,e,lchokbZ yksxksa dks de ykxr 
dk thou@nq?kZVuk chek doj miyCèk djkrh gS] ogha ,ihokbZ 
orZeku esa cpr ds volj miyCèk djkds o`¼koLFkk esa fu;fer 
isa'ku dh O;oLFkk djrh gSA vkb,] ekStwnk dsanz ljdkj ds vkB 
o"kZ iwjs gksus ds volj ij tu tu dks lefiZr bu rhuksa ;kstukvksa 
ds ckjs esa tkusa fd ;s yksxksa dks fdiQk;rh chek vkSj lqj{kk nsus 
esa fdruh liQy jgh gSa vkSj budh vge miyfCèk;k¡ vkSj [kwfc;ka 
D;k gSa\
visf{kr vuqekfur fjVuZ (ykHk) ls de gks vkSj U;wure xkjaVh 
isa'ku nsus ds fy, i;kZIr ugha gS rks dsanz ljdkj mldh HkjikbZ 
djsxhA nwljh vksj] ;fn fuos'k ij fjVuZ T;knk & rks ykHkkFkhZ dks 
og c<+k gqvk isa'ku&ykHk feysxkA 
Hkqxrku dh izQhDosalh % ykHkkFkhZ ,ihokbZ ds va'knku dk 
Hkqxrku ekfld@frekgh@Nekgh vkèkkj ij dj ldrs gSaA 
;kstuk dks chp esa NksM+uk % ykHkkFkhZ tc pkgsa LosPNk 
ls dqN 'krks± ij vkSj ljdkj ds lg&va'knku vkSj ml ij cuus 
okyh fjVuZ@vk; dh dVkSrh djkds ;kstuk chp esa can dj 
ldrs gSaA
miyfCèk;k¡ % 27 vizSy] 2022 dks 4 djksM+ ls vfèkd 
ykHkkFkhZ bl ;kstuk esa 'kkfey gks pqds FksA 
iz
28 ;kstuk] twu 2022
ik=krk %
,ihokbZ 18 ls 40 o"kZ ds mu lHkh yksxksa 
ds fy, gS ftudk fdlh cSad esa [kkrk gS vkSj 
;kstuk dk va'knku pquh xbZ isa'ku jkf'k ds 
vuqlkj r; gksrk gSA 
vVy 
isa'ku 
;kstuk
isa'ku dh xkjaVh
;kstuk] twu 2022 29
;kstuk % ih,e,lchokbZ ,d o"kZ dh nq?kZVuk chek 
;kstuk gS ftldk gj o"kZ uohdj.k gks ldrk gS vkSj fdlh 
nq?kZVuk ds dkj.k fodykaxrk vFkok e`R;q gksus ij blds rgr 
chek jkf'k nh tkrh gSA 
Ikk=krk % 18 ls 70 o"kZ dh vk;q okys ,sls lHkh O;fDr 
bl ;kstuk dh ikWfylh ys ldrs gSa ftudk cSad ;k Mkd?kj 
esa tek [kkrk gSA 
ykHk % fdlh nq?kZVuk ds dkj.k e`R;q ;k fodykaxrk 
gksus dh fLFkfr esa 2 yk[k #i;s (vkaf'kd fodykaxrk gksus 
ij 1 yk[k #i;s) dh chek jkf'k nh tkrh gSA 
'kkfey dSls gksa % ;kstuk esa 'kkfey gksus ds fy, 
[kkrkèkkjh dks vius cSad dh 'kk[kk@chlh IokbaV esa ;k cSad 
dh osclkbV ij vkSj Mkd?kj tek [kkrk gksus ij ml Mkd?kj 
esa tkuk gksxkA bl ;kstuk dk izhfe;e [kkrkèkkjh ds ,d ckj 
fn, funsZ'k ds vkèkkj ij gj o"kZ mlds [kkrs ls ys fy;k 
tkrk gSA ;kstuk dh foLr`r tkudkjh vkSj iQkWeZ (fgUnh] vaxzsth 
vkSj {ks=kh; Hkk"kkvksa esa) https://jansuraksha.gov.in ij  
miyCèk gSaA
miyfCèk;k¡ % 27 vizSy] 2022 dks bl ;kstuk ds rgr 'kkfey dqy ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dh la[;k 28-37 djksM+ dks ikj dj pqdh Fkh 
vkSj 97]227 nkoksa dk fuiVkjk djds 1]930 djksM+ #i;s ds Hkqxrku fd, tk pqds FksA
lzksr % ihvkbZch
izèkkuea=kh lqj{kk chek ;kstuk (ih,e,lchokbZ)
;kstuk % ih,etstschokbZ ,d o"kZ dh thou 
chek ;kstuk gS ftls gj o"kZ vkxs c<+k;k tk ldrk gS 
vkSj fdlh Hkh dkj.k ls e`R;q gksus ij bldk dojst 
miyCèk gSA 
Ikk=krk % 18 ls 50 o"kZ vk;q okys O;fDr ftudk 
cSad ;k Mkd?kj esa cpr [kkrk gks bl ;kstuk dk ykHk 
ys ldrs gSaA 50 o"kZ dh vk;q iwjh djus ls igys bl 
;kstuk esa 'kkfey gksus okys yksx izhfe;e dk Hkqxrku 
djds 55 o"kZ dh vk;q rd thou dk tksf[k+e doj 
izkIr dj ysrs gSaA 
'kkfey dSls gksa % bl ;kstuk esa 'kkfey gksus ds 
fy, [kkrkèkkjh dks vius cSad dh 'kk[kk@chlh IokbaV 
dh osclkbV ij ;k Mkd?kj cpr [kkrk gksus dh fLFkfr 
esa Mkd?kj tkuk gksxkA ;kstuk ds rgr izhfe;e dh 
jkf'k [kkrkèkkjh ds funsZ'k ds vuqlkj gj o"kZ [kkrs esa 
ls ys yh tkrh gSA ;kstuk ds ckjs esa foLr`r tkudkjh 
vkSj iQkWeZ (fgUnh] vaxzsth vkSj {ks=kh; Hkk"kkvksa esa)  
https://jansuraksha.gov.in ij miyCèk gSaA 
miyfCèk;k¡ % 27 vizSy] 2022 dks bl ;kstuk ds rgr 'kkfey ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dh la[;k 12-76 djksM+ dks ikj dj pqdh Fkh vkSj 
5]76]121 nkoksa dk fuiVkjk djds 11]522 djksM+ #i;s ds Hkqxrku fd, tk pqds FksA 
izèkkuea=kh thou T;ksfr chek ;kstuk (ih,etstschokbZ)
;kstuk] twu 2022 29
iz/kuea=kh thou 
T;ksfr chek ;kstuk
(lHkh dks lkekftd lqj{kk)
'kq: gksus 
dh rkjh[k 
9 ebZ 2015
iz/kuea=kh  
thou T;ksfr chek ;kstuk
iz/kuea=kh lqj{kk 
chek ;kstuk
(lHkh dks lkekftd lqj{kk)
'kq: gksus 
dh rkjh[k 
9 ebZ 2015
iz/kuea=kh  
lqj{kk chek ;kstuk
Read More
154 docs

Top Courses for UPSC

154 docs
Download as PDF
Explore Courses for UPSC exam

Top Courses for UPSC

Signup for Free!
Signup to see your scores go up within 7 days! Learn & Practice with 1000+ FREE Notes, Videos & Tests.
10M+ students study on EduRev
Related Searches

Extra Questions

,

Exam

,

mock tests for examination

,

Yojana Magazine June 2022 - 2 (Hindi) | Monthly Yojana & Kurukshetra Magazine in Hindi - UPSC

,

Viva Questions

,

Objective type Questions

,

Yojana Magazine June 2022 - 2 (Hindi) | Monthly Yojana & Kurukshetra Magazine in Hindi - UPSC

,

Summary

,

Yojana Magazine June 2022 - 2 (Hindi) | Monthly Yojana & Kurukshetra Magazine in Hindi - UPSC

,

Semester Notes

,

practice quizzes

,

study material

,

pdf

,

video lectures

,

MCQs

,

ppt

,

shortcuts and tricks

,

Sample Paper

,

Previous Year Questions with Solutions

,

past year papers

,

Important questions

,

Free

;