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Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers Class 12 Notes Chemistry Chapter 7

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FAQs on Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers Class 12 Notes Chemistry Chapter 7

1. What are alcohols, phenols, and ethers?
Alcohols, phenols, and ethers are organic compounds that contain oxygen atoms bonded to carbon atoms. Alcohols have a hydroxyl functional group (-OH), phenols have a hydroxyl group attached to an aromatic ring, and ethers have an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups.
2. How are alcohols, phenols, and ethers named?
Alcohols are named by replacing the -e ending of the corresponding alkane name with -ol. Phenols are named by adding the suffix -ol to the name of the parent hydrocarbon. Ethers are named by identifying the two alkyl or aryl groups attached to the oxygen atom and listing them alphabetically followed by the word "ether."
3. What are the physical properties of alcohols, phenols, and ethers?
Alcohols and phenols are polar compounds due to the presence of the hydroxyl group, which allows for hydrogen bonding. This leads to higher boiling points and solubility in polar solvents. Ethers, on the other hand, have lower boiling points and are less soluble in water because they lack a hydrogen atom bonded to the oxygen atom.
4. How do alcohols, phenols, and ethers react?
Alcohols can undergo various reactions such as oxidation, dehydration, and substitution. Phenols can also undergo oxidation and substitution reactions. Ethers are relatively unreactive, but they can be cleaved by strong acids or react with strong oxidizing agents.
5. What are the uses of alcohols, phenols, and ethers?
Alcohols have a wide range of uses, including as solvents, disinfectants, and fuel additives. Some alcohols, such as ethanol, are used in alcoholic beverages. Phenols are used in the production of plastics, dyes, and disinfectants. Ethers are commonly used as solvents, especially in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
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