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Page 1 Cell -The Unit of Life Flash cards Page 2 Cell -The Unit of Life Flash cards cell is the fundamental strucutural and functional unit of all living organism. Page 3 Cell -The Unit of Life Flash cards cell is the fundamental strucutural and functional unit of all living organism. Anton Von Leeuwenhoek first saw and described a live cell and Robert Brown discovered the nucleus. Schleiden and Schwann together formulated the cell theory. ‘Omnis cellula-e-cellula’ was explained by Rudolf Virchow. Page 4 Cell -The Unit of Life Flash cards cell is the fundamental strucutural and functional unit of all living organism. Anton Von Leeuwenhoek first saw and described a live cell and Robert Brown discovered the nucleus. Schleiden and Schwann together formulated the cell theory. ‘Omnis cellula-e-cellula’ was explained by Rudolf Virchow. Cell theory as understood today is: (i) all living organisms are composed of cells and products of cells. (ii) all cells arise from pre-existing cells. Page 5 Cell -The Unit of Life Flash cards cell is the fundamental strucutural and functional unit of all living organism. Anton Von Leeuwenhoek first saw and described a live cell and Robert Brown discovered the nucleus. Schleiden and Schwann together formulated the cell theory. ‘Omnis cellula-e-cellula’ was explained by Rudolf Virchow. Cell theory as understood today is: (i) all living organisms are composed of cells and products of cells. (ii) all cells arise from pre-existing cells. Cells that have membrane bound nuclei are called eukaryotic whereas cells that lack a membrane bound nucleus are called prokaryotic. No organelles, like the ones in eukaryotes, are found in prokaryotic cells except for ribosomes.Read More
FAQs on Flashcards: Cell - The Unit of Life
| 1. What's the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells for NEET Biology? |  |
Ans. Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles, while eukaryotic cells possess both. Prokaryotes (bacteria, archaea) are unicellular and smaller; eukaryotes (animals, plants, fungi) are typically larger and can be multicellular. This distinction is fundamental to cell classification and frequently tested in NEET exam questions on cellular organisation.
| 2. Why do plant cells have a cell wall but animal cells don't? | |
Ans. Plant cells require a rigid cell wall made of cellulose for structural support, protection, and maintaining shape in terrestrial environments. Animal cells lack this wall because they rely on flexibility for movement and shape changes. The cell membrane alone provides sufficient protection for animal cells in osmotic balance within tissues.
| 3. How do mitochondria and chloroplasts work together in plant cell functions? | |
Ans. Mitochondria produce ATP through cellular respiration in all plant cells, providing energy for growth and metabolism. Chloroplasts conduct photosynthesis in green cells, generating glucose and oxygen. Together, they maintain the energy cycle-chloroplasts create fuel; mitochondria convert it into usable cellular energy, enabling plant survival and productivity.
| 4. What exactly does the nucleus do inside a cell, and why can't cells survive without it? | |
Ans. The nucleus controls all cellular activities by regulating gene expression and directing protein synthesis through DNA. It stores genetic information and coordinates cell division, growth, and differentiation. Without a nucleus, eukaryotic cells cannot replicate, repair damage, or respond to environmental changes, making it essential for long-term cell survival.
| 5. What are the main differences between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum in terms of protein synthesis? | |
Ans. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) contains ribosomes and synthesises proteins destined for secretion or membrane integration. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) lacks ribosomes and produces lipids, carbohydrates, and detoxifying enzymes. RER exports proteins via the Golgi apparatus; SER functions in metabolism and storage, each serving distinct cellular manufacturing roles.
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