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Flashcards: Structural Organisation in Animals
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Page 1 Structural Organisation in Animals Flash cards Page 2 Structural Organisation in Animals Flash cards A group of similar cells along with intercellular substances perform a specific function is called t i s s u e. Page 3 Structural Organisation in Animals Flash cards A group of similar cells along with intercellular substances perform a specific function is called t i s s u e. The structure of the cells vary according to their function. Therefore, the tissues are different and are broadly classified into four types- E p i t h e l i a l 1. C o n n e c t i v e 2. M u s c u l a r 3. N e u r a l 4. Page 4 Structural Organisation in Animals Flash cards A group of similar cells along with intercellular substances perform a specific function is called t i s s u e. The structure of the cells vary according to their function. Therefore, the tissues are different and are broadly classified into four types- E p i t h e l i a l 1. C o n n e c t i v e 2. M u s c u l a r 3. N e u r a l 4. Squamous epithelium is found in wall of blood vessels and air sacs of lungs. Cuboidal epithelium is found in ducts of glands and tubular part of nephrons. columnar epithelium lines the inner surface of stomach and intestine. Page 5 Structural Organisation in Animals Flash cards A group of similar cells along with intercellular substances perform a specific function is called t i s s u e. The structure of the cells vary according to their function. Therefore, the tissues are different and are broadly classified into four types- E p i t h e l i a l 1. C o n n e c t i v e 2. M u s c u l a r 3. N e u r a l 4. Squamous epithelium is found in wall of blood vessels and air sacs of lungs. Cuboidal epithelium is found in ducts of glands and tubular part of nephrons. columnar epithelium lines the inner surface of stomach and intestine. The columnar or cuboidal cells bearing cilia on their surface are called ciliated epithelium and are present in inner surface of hollow organs like bronchioles and fallopian tubes.Read More
FAQs on Flashcards: Structural Organisation in Animals
| 1. What are the different types of tissues in animals and how do they differ from each other? |  |
Ans. Animal tissues are classified into four main types: epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues. Epithelial tissues form protective coverings and linings; connective tissues bind and support structures; muscular tissues enable movement; nervous tissues transmit electrical signals. Each tissue type has distinct cell structure and specialised functions tailored to its role in the organism's body systems.
| 2. How is the digestive system organised and what role do different organs play in digestion? | |
Ans. The digestive system consists of the alimentary canal and accessory organs working sequentially. The mouth initiates mechanical and chemical digestion, the stomach churns food into chyme, the small intestine absorbs nutrients, and the large intestine absorbs water. The liver, pancreas, and salivary glands secrete enzymes and fluids essential for breaking down food and nutrient absorption throughout the gastrointestinal tract.
| 3. Why do different blood vessels have different structures and what makes arteries different from veins? | |
Ans. Blood vessels have structure-specific adaptations matching their functions in circulatory pathways. Arteries have thick, muscular walls to withstand high-pressure blood from the heart, while veins possess thin, elastic walls for low-pressure return flow. Capillaries feature single-cell-thick walls enabling nutrient and gas exchange at tissue level, demonstrating how structural organisation in animals enables physiological efficiency.
| 4. What is the basic unit of the nervous system and how do neurons transmit information? | |
Ans. The neuron is the fundamental functional unit of the nervous system, comprising a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. Neurons transmit electrical and chemical signals through synaptic connections, enabling rapid communication across the body's neural networks. Sensory neurons carry signals to the brain, motor neurons direct responses, and interneurons integrate information, collectively forming the peripheral and central nervous systems.
| 5. How does the respiratory system structure enable efficient gas exchange in animals? | |
Ans. Respiratory system organs are structurally optimised for maximum gas exchange efficiency. The lungs contain millions of alveoli-tiny air sacs with thin walls surrounded by capillaries-providing vast surface area for oxygen absorption and carbon dioxide release. The trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles form a branching pathway delivering air to these exchange sites, while the diaphragm drives ventilation through muscular contraction and relaxation.
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