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Microbes in Human Welfare
Flash cards
Page 2


Microbes in Human Welfare
Flash cards
Microorganism such as Lactobacillus and others commonly
called Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) grow in milk and convert it to
curd.
Page 3


Microbes in Human Welfare
Flash cards
Microorganism such as Lactobacillus and others commonly
called Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) grow in milk and convert it to
curd.
In the dough used for making dosa and idli, the puffed-up 
appearance of it is due to the production of CO   gas.
2
•
The dough used for making bread is fermented using Baker’s
yeast.
The scientific name of Baker’s yeast is Saccharomyces
cerevisiae.
Page 4


Microbes in Human Welfare
Flash cards
Microorganism such as Lactobacillus and others commonly
called Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) grow in milk and convert it to
curd.
In the dough used for making dosa and idli, the puffed-up 
appearance of it is due to the production of CO   gas.
2
•
The dough used for making bread is fermented using Baker’s
yeast.
The scientific name of Baker’s yeast is Saccharomyces
cerevisiae.
Toddy is a traditional drink in some parts of southern India
that is made by fermenting sap from palms.
•
Page 5


Microbes in Human Welfare
Flash cards
Microorganism such as Lactobacillus and others commonly
called Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) grow in milk and convert it to
curd.
In the dough used for making dosa and idli, the puffed-up 
appearance of it is due to the production of CO   gas.
2
•
The dough used for making bread is fermented using Baker’s
yeast.
The scientific name of Baker’s yeast is Saccharomyces
cerevisiae.
Toddy is a traditional drink in some parts of southern India
that is made by fermenting sap from palms.
•
The large holes in ‘Swiss cheese’ are due to production of large
amount of CO2 by a bacterium named Propinobacterium
sharmanii.
•
The ‘Rouefort cheese’ is ripened by growing specific Fungi on
them which gives them a particular flavor.
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FAQs on Flashcards: Microbes in Human Welfare - Biology Class 12 - NEET

1. What are microbes and their role in human welfare?
Ans. Microbes are microscopic organisms that include bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protists. They play a crucial role in human welfare by performing various beneficial activities. For example, some microbes are used in the production of antibiotics, vaccines, and other valuable pharmaceutical products. They are also involved in the production of fermented foods such as cheese, yogurt, and bread. Additionally, microbes are utilized in sewage treatment, bioremediation, and the production of biofuels.
2. How do microbes contribute to agriculture and crop production?
Ans. Microbes have significant contributions in agriculture and crop production. They are used as biofertilizers to enhance soil fertility and provide essential nutrients to plants. Certain microbes, like nitrogen-fixing bacteria, convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants, promoting better growth. Additionally, some microbes protect plants from harmful pathogens by acting as biocontrol agents. They can also improve plant resistance to diseases and enhance crop productivity through the production of growth-promoting substances.
3. Can microbes be used in waste management?
Ans. Yes, microbes are extensively used in waste management. They play a crucial role in the decomposition and recycling of organic waste materials. Microbes like bacteria and fungi are involved in the process of composting, where they break down organic matter into nutrient-rich compost. They also play a significant role in sewage treatment, breaking down organic pollutants and reducing harmful substances. Microbes are essential in bioremediation, a process that uses them to clean up oil spills, contaminated soil, and water bodies.
4. How are microbes used in the production of medicines and vaccines?
Ans. Microbes are extensively used in the production of medicines and vaccines. Many antibiotics, such as penicillin and streptomycin, are produced by certain bacteria and fungi. These microbes naturally produce these compounds to inhibit the growth of other microorganisms. Vaccines are also created using microbes. For example, weakened or inactivated forms of viruses or bacteria are used in the production of vaccines to stimulate the immune system without causing the disease. These vaccines provide immunity against specific diseases, preventing their occurrence.
5. Are there any risks associated with microbes in human welfare?
Ans. While microbes have numerous benefits in human welfare, there are certain risks associated with their use. Some microbes can cause infections and diseases in humans, especially if they are pathogenic. It is essential to handle and use microbes safely to prevent any potential harm. Additionally, the production of antibiotics using microbes can lead to the development of antibiotic resistance, making certain infections harder to treat. Therefore, it is crucial to use antibiotics judiciously to minimize the risk of resistance emergence.
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