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Page 1 13 XI – Economics AK UNIT 2 Chapter II COLLECTION OF DATA q Data is a tool which helps in reaching a sound conclusion by providing information therefore. For statistical investigation, collection of data is the first and foremost. Sources of Data Primary Source Secondary Sources 1. Published sources 2. Un published sources q Primary Data – Data originally collected in the process of investigation are known as primary data. Methods of collecting primary data There are three basic ways of collecting data i) Personal interviews ii) Mailing (questionnaire surveys iii) Telephone interviews q Secondary data : Which have been collected for some oher purpose by some other agency are called secondary data. q Secondary Data Page 2 13 XI – Economics AK UNIT 2 Chapter II COLLECTION OF DATA q Data is a tool which helps in reaching a sound conclusion by providing information therefore. For statistical investigation, collection of data is the first and foremost. Sources of Data Primary Source Secondary Sources 1. Published sources 2. Un published sources q Primary Data – Data originally collected in the process of investigation are known as primary data. Methods of collecting primary data There are three basic ways of collecting data i) Personal interviews ii) Mailing (questionnaire surveys iii) Telephone interviews q Secondary data : Which have been collected for some oher purpose by some other agency are called secondary data. q Secondary Data 14 XI – Economics AK Important points to be kept in mind While drafting the questionnaire A. Introduction and purpose of investigation. B. Reasonable number of questions. C. Questions should be small & clear. D. Questions should be arranged logically. E. Instructions should be clear. F. Proper space for answer. G. Questions should be relevant to the investigation. H. Personal questions should be avoided. I. Avoid questions of calculations. Plot Survey : Before sending the questionnaire to the information. It should be pretested. As a result of its short comings if any, can be removed. Such pre testing named as pilot survey. Methods of Sampling Random Sampling NonRandom Sampling a. Simple or unrestricted a. Judgement sampling random sampling b. Restricted random sampling b. Quota sampling i) Stratified c. convenience sampling ii) systematic iii) multistage or cluster sampling. * Census survey : In this method every element of population is included in the investigation. * Sample Survey : In this method a group of units respresenting all the units of the population is investigated. * Population or universe : In statistics population or universe simply refers to an aggregate of items to be studied for an investigation. Page 3 13 XI – Economics AK UNIT 2 Chapter II COLLECTION OF DATA q Data is a tool which helps in reaching a sound conclusion by providing information therefore. For statistical investigation, collection of data is the first and foremost. Sources of Data Primary Source Secondary Sources 1. Published sources 2. Un published sources q Primary Data – Data originally collected in the process of investigation are known as primary data. Methods of collecting primary data There are three basic ways of collecting data i) Personal interviews ii) Mailing (questionnaire surveys iii) Telephone interviews q Secondary data : Which have been collected for some oher purpose by some other agency are called secondary data. q Secondary Data 14 XI – Economics AK Important points to be kept in mind While drafting the questionnaire A. Introduction and purpose of investigation. B. Reasonable number of questions. C. Questions should be small & clear. D. Questions should be arranged logically. E. Instructions should be clear. F. Proper space for answer. G. Questions should be relevant to the investigation. H. Personal questions should be avoided. I. Avoid questions of calculations. Plot Survey : Before sending the questionnaire to the information. It should be pretested. As a result of its short comings if any, can be removed. Such pre testing named as pilot survey. Methods of Sampling Random Sampling NonRandom Sampling a. Simple or unrestricted a. Judgement sampling random sampling b. Restricted random sampling b. Quota sampling i) Stratified c. convenience sampling ii) systematic iii) multistage or cluster sampling. * Census survey : In this method every element of population is included in the investigation. * Sample Survey : In this method a group of units respresenting all the units of the population is investigated. * Population or universe : In statistics population or universe simply refers to an aggregate of items to be studied for an investigation. 15 XI – Economics AK Sample : A group of items taken from the population for investigation and representative of all the items. * Sampling Errors : Sampling error is the difference between the result of studying a sample and the result of the census of the whole population. * Non Sampling Error : Can occur in and type of survey wheather it be a census or sample survey. Sampling errors Non sampling errors 1. Biased errors 1. Error in data acquisition 2. unbiased errors 2. Non. response error 3. Measurement error Census of India and National Sample survey Organisation * The census of India provides the most complete and continuous demographic records of population. * The NSSO was established by the Govt. of India to conduct nation wide survey on socioeconomic issues like employment literacy, maternity, child care utilisation of public distribution system etc. * The data collected by NSSO survey are released through reports and its quarterly journal “Sarvekshana”. Page 4 13 XI – Economics AK UNIT 2 Chapter II COLLECTION OF DATA q Data is a tool which helps in reaching a sound conclusion by providing information therefore. For statistical investigation, collection of data is the first and foremost. Sources of Data Primary Source Secondary Sources 1. Published sources 2. Un published sources q Primary Data – Data originally collected in the process of investigation are known as primary data. Methods of collecting primary data There are three basic ways of collecting data i) Personal interviews ii) Mailing (questionnaire surveys iii) Telephone interviews q Secondary data : Which have been collected for some oher purpose by some other agency are called secondary data. q Secondary Data 14 XI – Economics AK Important points to be kept in mind While drafting the questionnaire A. Introduction and purpose of investigation. B. Reasonable number of questions. C. Questions should be small & clear. D. Questions should be arranged logically. E. Instructions should be clear. F. Proper space for answer. G. Questions should be relevant to the investigation. H. Personal questions should be avoided. I. Avoid questions of calculations. Plot Survey : Before sending the questionnaire to the information. It should be pretested. As a result of its short comings if any, can be removed. Such pre testing named as pilot survey. Methods of Sampling Random Sampling NonRandom Sampling a. Simple or unrestricted a. Judgement sampling random sampling b. Restricted random sampling b. Quota sampling i) Stratified c. convenience sampling ii) systematic iii) multistage or cluster sampling. * Census survey : In this method every element of population is included in the investigation. * Sample Survey : In this method a group of units respresenting all the units of the population is investigated. * Population or universe : In statistics population or universe simply refers to an aggregate of items to be studied for an investigation. 15 XI – Economics AK Sample : A group of items taken from the population for investigation and representative of all the items. * Sampling Errors : Sampling error is the difference between the result of studying a sample and the result of the census of the whole population. * Non Sampling Error : Can occur in and type of survey wheather it be a census or sample survey. Sampling errors Non sampling errors 1. Biased errors 1. Error in data acquisition 2. unbiased errors 2. Non. response error 3. Measurement error Census of India and National Sample survey Organisation * The census of India provides the most complete and continuous demographic records of population. * The NSSO was established by the Govt. of India to conduct nation wide survey on socioeconomic issues like employment literacy, maternity, child care utilisation of public distribution system etc. * The data collected by NSSO survey are released through reports and its quarterly journal “Sarvekshana”. 16 XI – Economics AK UNIT2 One mark questions 1. What do you mean by primary data? 2. Give the meaning of secondary data. 3. Write the meaning of population in statistics. 4. Define sample. 5. What is sampling error? 6. What are nonsampling errors? 7. Write the name of statistical method which is less expensive and time saving. 8. Suppose there are 10 students in a class. Only three students to be selected out of them. How maney samples are possible. 9. Expand NSSO. 10. Why does nonsampling errors occur? 3/4 marks questions. 1. Differentiate between primary and secondary data. 2. Write four merits of census method of collecting the data. 3. Mention three demerits of sample method of collecting the data. 4. Distinguish between sampling and nonsampling errors. 5. What is meant by census method? 6. What do you mean by random sampling?. 7. Discuss the term ‘universe’ and ‘sample’ with example. 8. Census of India is the main source of secondary data. explain. 9. What is pilot survey? explain its importance. 6 Marks questions 1. What do you understand by ‘questionnaire? Write the essential characteristics of a good questionnaire. Page 5 13 XI – Economics AK UNIT 2 Chapter II COLLECTION OF DATA q Data is a tool which helps in reaching a sound conclusion by providing information therefore. For statistical investigation, collection of data is the first and foremost. Sources of Data Primary Source Secondary Sources 1. Published sources 2. Un published sources q Primary Data – Data originally collected in the process of investigation are known as primary data. Methods of collecting primary data There are three basic ways of collecting data i) Personal interviews ii) Mailing (questionnaire surveys iii) Telephone interviews q Secondary data : Which have been collected for some oher purpose by some other agency are called secondary data. q Secondary Data 14 XI – Economics AK Important points to be kept in mind While drafting the questionnaire A. Introduction and purpose of investigation. B. Reasonable number of questions. C. Questions should be small & clear. D. Questions should be arranged logically. E. Instructions should be clear. F. Proper space for answer. G. Questions should be relevant to the investigation. H. Personal questions should be avoided. I. Avoid questions of calculations. Plot Survey : Before sending the questionnaire to the information. It should be pretested. As a result of its short comings if any, can be removed. Such pre testing named as pilot survey. Methods of Sampling Random Sampling NonRandom Sampling a. Simple or unrestricted a. Judgement sampling random sampling b. Restricted random sampling b. Quota sampling i) Stratified c. convenience sampling ii) systematic iii) multistage or cluster sampling. * Census survey : In this method every element of population is included in the investigation. * Sample Survey : In this method a group of units respresenting all the units of the population is investigated. * Population or universe : In statistics population or universe simply refers to an aggregate of items to be studied for an investigation. 15 XI – Economics AK Sample : A group of items taken from the population for investigation and representative of all the items. * Sampling Errors : Sampling error is the difference between the result of studying a sample and the result of the census of the whole population. * Non Sampling Error : Can occur in and type of survey wheather it be a census or sample survey. Sampling errors Non sampling errors 1. Biased errors 1. Error in data acquisition 2. unbiased errors 2. Non. response error 3. Measurement error Census of India and National Sample survey Organisation * The census of India provides the most complete and continuous demographic records of population. * The NSSO was established by the Govt. of India to conduct nation wide survey on socioeconomic issues like employment literacy, maternity, child care utilisation of public distribution system etc. * The data collected by NSSO survey are released through reports and its quarterly journal “Sarvekshana”. 16 XI – Economics AK UNIT2 One mark questions 1. What do you mean by primary data? 2. Give the meaning of secondary data. 3. Write the meaning of population in statistics. 4. Define sample. 5. What is sampling error? 6. What are nonsampling errors? 7. Write the name of statistical method which is less expensive and time saving. 8. Suppose there are 10 students in a class. Only three students to be selected out of them. How maney samples are possible. 9. Expand NSSO. 10. Why does nonsampling errors occur? 3/4 marks questions. 1. Differentiate between primary and secondary data. 2. Write four merits of census method of collecting the data. 3. Mention three demerits of sample method of collecting the data. 4. Distinguish between sampling and nonsampling errors. 5. What is meant by census method? 6. What do you mean by random sampling?. 7. Discuss the term ‘universe’ and ‘sample’ with example. 8. Census of India is the main source of secondary data. explain. 9. What is pilot survey? explain its importance. 6 Marks questions 1. What do you understand by ‘questionnaire? Write the essential characteristics of a good questionnaire. 17 XI – Economics AK 2. Distinguish between consus and sample method of collecting primary data. 3. What is NSSO? Write its functions. 4. Compare the census and sample method of collecting data with reference to reliability, time involved and cost. 5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of collecting primary data by personal interview and mailed questionnaire. 6. Do samples provide better results than surveys? Give reasons for your answer? Unit2 Answer of one mark questions 1. Primary data are original data which are collected by investigator himself or by enumeraters deployed by the investigator for specified purpose. 2. The data which are obtained by the investigator/ enumeraters from some one else records and were collected for some other purpose. 3. In statistics population or universe simply refers to an aggregate of items to be studie for an investigation. 4. Sample is a group of items taken from the population for investigation and representative of all the items or universe. 5. sampling error is the difference between the result of studying a sample and the result of the census of the whole population. 6. Non sampling errors can occur is any type of survey wheather it be a census or sample survey such as measurement errors. 7. Sampling survey. 8. To select the sample of 3 students out of 10 students we can use random sampling either by using random number table or lottery method. No. of possible sample is 120. 9. National sample survey organisation. 10. NonSampling errors can occur in any type of survey wheather it be a census or sample survey such as measurement errors, nonresponse errors.Read More
1. What is data collection? | ![]() |
2. What are the different methods of data collection? | ![]() |
3. What are the advantages of using surveys for data collection? | ![]() |
4. What is the difference between primary and secondary data? | ![]() |
5. What are the ethical considerations when collecting data? | ![]() |