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 Page 1


53
tqykbZ 2022
lkbcj Bxh % pqukSfr;k¡ ,oa lek/kku
fM
ftVkbts'ku ds lkFk&lkFk lkbcj Bxh ds ekeyksa esa 
Hkh rst o`f) gqbZ gSA vc rks Qslcqd vkSj baLVkxzke Hkh 
Bxh ds ek/;e cu x, gSaA fe= ;k fj'rsnkjksa dh Qt+hZ çksQkby 
cukdj ,slh Bxh dks vatke fn;k tk jgk gSA chrs dqN o"kksaZ ls 
xwxy lpZ batu ij yksx vius gj ç'u dk tokc <wa< jgs gSaA 
,sls euksfoKku dks –f"Vxr dj Bx ukephu Hkqxrku ,Il tSls] 
xwxy is] Qksu is] isVh,e ds uke ls viuk uacj baVjusV ij 
lgst jgs gSa] ftlds dkj.k [kqn ls yksx gSdlZ ds tky esa Qal 
tkrs gSaA vc rks czkmt+j ,DlVsa'ku ds MkmuyksfMax ds tfj, Hkh 
/kks[kk/kM+h dh tk jgh gSA ;g dke ok;jl ds t+fj, fd;k tkrk 
gSA lkoZtfud pktZj iksVZ ds ek/;e ls Hkh eksckby ,oa ySiV‚i 
laØfer gks tkrs gSaA Økse] eksft+yk vkfn czkmt+j ds t+fj, fd, 
x, v‚uykbu ysu&nsu czkmt+j ds loZj esa lso gks tkrs gSa] 
ftUgsa lsfVax esa tkdj fMyhV djus dh t+:jr gksrh gS] ysfdu 
vKkurko'k yksx ,slk ugha djrs gSa vkSj bldk Qk;nk lkbcj 
Bxksa dks fey tkrk gSA blfy, t+:jr bl ckr dh gS fd cSafdax 
fMftVy mRiknksa tSls MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ] ,Vh,e] ;wihvkbZ] 
baVjusV cSafdax] D;wvkj dksM vkfn ds mi;ksx esa fo'ks"k lko/kkuh 
cjrh tk, D;ksafd buds mi;ksx esa cjrh xbZ vlkoèkkuh vkidh 
tsc dks [kkyh dj ldrh gSA  
fo'ks"k vkys[k
chrs dqN o"kksaZ ls xwxy lpZ batu ij yksx vius gj ç'u dk tokc <wa< jgs gSaA ,sls euksfoKku dks –f"Vxr 
dj Bx ukephu Hkqxrku ,Il tSls] xwxy is] Qksu is] isVh,e ds uke ls viuk uacj baVjusV ij lgst jgs 
gSa] ftlds dkj.k [kqn ls yksx gSdlZ ds tky esa Qal tkrs gSaA vc rks czkmt+j ,DlVsa'ku ds MkmuyksfMax ds 
t+fj, Hkh /kks[kk/kM+h dh tk jgh gSA Økse] eksft+yk vkfn czkmt+j ds t+fj, fd, x, v‚uykbu ysu&nsu czkmt+j 
ds loZj esa lso gks tkrs gSa] ftUgsa lsfVax esa tkdj fMyhV djus dh t+:jr gksrh gS] ysfdu vKkurko'k yksx 
,slk ugha djrs gSa vkSj bldk Qk;nk lkbcj Bxksa dks fey tkrk gSA blfy, t+:jr bl ckr dh gS fd cSafdax 
fMftVy mRiknksa tSls MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ] ,Vh,e] ;wihvkbZ] baVjusV cSafdax] D;wvkj dksM vkfn ds mi;ksx esa 
fo'ks"k lko/kkuh cjrh tk,A
µlrh'k flag
Page 2


53
tqykbZ 2022
lkbcj Bxh % pqukSfr;k¡ ,oa lek/kku
fM
ftVkbts'ku ds lkFk&lkFk lkbcj Bxh ds ekeyksa esa 
Hkh rst o`f) gqbZ gSA vc rks Qslcqd vkSj baLVkxzke Hkh 
Bxh ds ek/;e cu x, gSaA fe= ;k fj'rsnkjksa dh Qt+hZ çksQkby 
cukdj ,slh Bxh dks vatke fn;k tk jgk gSA chrs dqN o"kksaZ ls 
xwxy lpZ batu ij yksx vius gj ç'u dk tokc <wa< jgs gSaA 
,sls euksfoKku dks –f"Vxr dj Bx ukephu Hkqxrku ,Il tSls] 
xwxy is] Qksu is] isVh,e ds uke ls viuk uacj baVjusV ij 
lgst jgs gSa] ftlds dkj.k [kqn ls yksx gSdlZ ds tky esa Qal 
tkrs gSaA vc rks czkmt+j ,DlVsa'ku ds MkmuyksfMax ds tfj, Hkh 
/kks[kk/kM+h dh tk jgh gSA ;g dke ok;jl ds t+fj, fd;k tkrk 
gSA lkoZtfud pktZj iksVZ ds ek/;e ls Hkh eksckby ,oa ySiV‚i 
laØfer gks tkrs gSaA Økse] eksft+yk vkfn czkmt+j ds t+fj, fd, 
x, v‚uykbu ysu&nsu czkmt+j ds loZj esa lso gks tkrs gSa] 
ftUgsa lsfVax esa tkdj fMyhV djus dh t+:jr gksrh gS] ysfdu 
vKkurko'k yksx ,slk ugha djrs gSa vkSj bldk Qk;nk lkbcj 
Bxksa dks fey tkrk gSA blfy, t+:jr bl ckr dh gS fd cSafdax 
fMftVy mRiknksa tSls MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ] ,Vh,e] ;wihvkbZ] 
baVjusV cSafdax] D;wvkj dksM vkfn ds mi;ksx esa fo'ks"k lko/kkuh 
cjrh tk, D;ksafd buds mi;ksx esa cjrh xbZ vlkoèkkuh vkidh 
tsc dks [kkyh dj ldrh gSA  
fo'ks"k vkys[k
chrs dqN o"kksaZ ls xwxy lpZ batu ij yksx vius gj ç'u dk tokc <wa< jgs gSaA ,sls euksfoKku dks –f"Vxr 
dj Bx ukephu Hkqxrku ,Il tSls] xwxy is] Qksu is] isVh,e ds uke ls viuk uacj baVjusV ij lgst jgs 
gSa] ftlds dkj.k [kqn ls yksx gSdlZ ds tky esa Qal tkrs gSaA vc rks czkmt+j ,DlVsa'ku ds MkmuyksfMax ds 
t+fj, Hkh /kks[kk/kM+h dh tk jgh gSA Økse] eksft+yk vkfn czkmt+j ds t+fj, fd, x, v‚uykbu ysu&nsu czkmt+j 
ds loZj esa lso gks tkrs gSa] ftUgsa lsfVax esa tkdj fMyhV djus dh t+:jr gksrh gS] ysfdu vKkurko'k yksx 
,slk ugha djrs gSa vkSj bldk Qk;nk lkbcj Bxksa dks fey tkrk gSA blfy, t+:jr bl ckr dh gS fd cSafdax 
fMftVy mRiknksa tSls MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ] ,Vh,e] ;wihvkbZ] baVjusV cSafdax] D;wvkj dksM vkfn ds mi;ksx esa 
fo'ks"k lko/kkuh cjrh tk,A
µlrh'k flag
54
tqykbZ 2022
fQf'kax ds rgr fdlh cM+h ;k ukephu daiuh ;k fQj ;wt+j 
dh daiuh dk Qt+hZ osclkbV cukdj] ftldk Lo:i vlyh 
osclkbV tSlk gksrk gS] ls yqHkkous esy fd, tkrs gSa ftlesa eq¶r 
esa egaxh pht+sa nsus dh ckr dgh xbZ gksrh gSA eksckby dk pyu 
c<+us ds ckn gSdlZ ,l,e,l ;k OgkV~l,i ds t+fj, Hkh v‚Qj 
okys eSlst Hkstrs gSa] ftlesa eSyos;j ;qä gkbij fyad fn;k 
gqvk gksrk gSA eSyos;j] dEI;wVj ;k eksckby ;k VSc esa baLV‚y 
l‚¶Vos;j dks uqdlku igqapkus ds lkFk&lkFk ;wt+j dh foÙkh; 
tkudkjh tSls] MsfcV ;k ØsfMV dkMZ dk fooj.k] muds ikloMZ] 
vksVhih] eksckby uacj] irk] cSad [kkrk uacj] tUefrfFk vkfn pqjk 
ysrk gSA ;g ;wt+j dh tkudkjh ds fcuk mlds bZ&esy [kkrs ls 
nwljs dks Qt+hZ bZ&esy Hkh Hkst ldrk gS vkSj blds t+fj, Bxh 
djus ds lkFk&lkFk laosnu'khy tkudkjh vokafNr yksxksa dks Hkh 
csph tk ldrh gSA lkFk gh] bldh enn ls fdlh dh lkekftd 
çfr"Bk dks Hkh /kwfey fd;k tk ldrk gSA 
vktdy lkbcj vijk/kh Qksu dkWYl ;k ,l,e,l ds  
}kjk yksxksa dks fcuk dt+Z fy, gh dt+Znkj crkdj muls iSlksa dh 
olwyh dj jgs gSaA ,slh CySdesfyax NksVh jkf'k elyu 2000 ls 
5000 #i;s ds fy, T+;knk dh tk jgh gS] rkfd vkfFkZd :i ls 
det+ksj yksx iqfyl esa f'kdk;r ugha djsaA yksu fjdojh ,tsaV 
;g /kedh nsrs gSa] vkius gels dt+Z fy;k gS vkSj vxj nks&rhu 
fnuksa esa iSls okfil ugha djsaxs rks vkidh vkifÙktud rLohjsa 
ok;jy dj nh tk,axh ;k vkids lxs&lacaf/k;ksa ;k lgdfeZ;ksa ds 
lkFk lk>k dj nh tk,axh vkSj lcwr ds rkSj ij os eksQZ~M+ rLohjsa 
vkSj ohfM;ks Hkstrs gSaA
dkMZ~l
MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ ls Bxh ewyr% LiwfQax] Ldhfeax vkfn 
ls dh tkrh gSA LiwfQax ds rgr Bx [kqn dks cSad vf/kdkjh ;k 
ØsfMV dkMZ daiuh dk vf/kdkjh crkdj ;wt+j dk eksckby uacj] 
dkMZ uacj] lhohoh vkfn dh enn ls Bxh dks vatke nsrs gSaA 
Ldhfeax ds varxZr dkMZ ls Hkqxrku ds nkSjku dkMZ dks Ldhej 
esa Lokbi dj Bx MqIyhdsV dkMZ cukdj Bxh djrs gSaA gkykafd] 
dkMZ ds mUur otZu esa lqj{kk ds csgrj Qhpj gksus dh otg ls 
,slh Bxh esa vktdy deh vkbZ gSA d‚UVSDVysl dkMZ~l ftlesa 
MsfcV vkSj ØsfMV nksuksa 'kkfey gSa] esa okbZ&QkbZ fu'kku cuk jgrk 
gS] esa fcuk fiu ;k vksVhih Mkys ,d fuf'pr jkf'k rd Hkqxrku 
fd;k tk ldrk gS] ds bLrseky esa ;wt+j dks fo'ks"k lko/kkuh 
cjruh pkfg,A
,Vh,e
,Vh,e esa ftl txg dkMZ Lokbi djrs gSa] ogka vijkèkh 
Ldhej yxk ldrs gSaA ,slh /kks[kk/kM+h ls cpus gsrq ,Vh,e 
esa dkMZ Lokbi djus ls igys ml txg dks FkksM+k [khapsaA 
vxj fLdej yxk gksxk rks og fudy dj gkFk esa vk 
tk,xkA ,Vh,e ds dh&iSM esa Hkh fLdej yxk;k tk ldrk gSA 
blfy, mldk ,d dksuk nckdj ns[ksaA vxj dhiSM esa fLdej 
yxk gksxk rks mldk ,d fljk mB tk,xkA gkykafd] ubZ ,Vh,e 
e'khuksa esa lqj{kk ds csgrj Qhpj gksus dh otg ls bl rjg ls 
Bxh djus dh okjnkrksa esa deh vkbZ gSA Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad us 
,Vh,e ls 10]000 :i;s ;k mlls Åij dh jkf'k fudkyus ds 
fy, vksVhih eksckby ij Hkstus vkSj dkMZysl dS'k dh lqfo/kk 
'kq: dh gSA nwljs cSad Hkh bl ç.kkyh dks viuk ldrs gSa] D;ksafd 
buesa lsa/k yxkus dh xqatkb'k de gSA 
;wihvkbZ
;wihvkbZ us Hkqxrku ç.kkyh dks iwjh rjg ls cny fn;k 
gSA vc Hkqxrku ds fy, uke] cSad [kkrk la[;k] vkbZ,Q,llh 
dksM] 'kk[kk dksM vkfn Mkyus dh t+:jr ugha gksrh gSA vxj 
;wt+j ds eksckby esa Hkqxrku djus okys O;fä dk eksckby uacj 
lso gS rks Hkqxrku ds fy, cl mlds eksckby uEcj dks lsysDV 
djds fDyd djuk gksrk gSA ;wihvkbZ esa euh fjDosLV dh lqfo/kk 
miyC/k gS ;kuh fdlh dks Hkh nwljk O;fä Hkqxrku gsrq fjDosLV 
Hkst ldrk gSA rnqijkar] flQZ ,d fDyd ij iSls fjDosLVj ds 
[kkrs esa varfjr gks tkrs gSaA gkykafd] ,Il ij vyVZ uksfVfQds'ku 
dh lqfo/kk miyC/k gksrh gS] tks ,sls fjDosLV ds ckjs esa ;wt+j dks 
crkrk gSA lansgkLin fjDosLV dks ;wt+j dks rqjar [kkfjt 
dj nsuk pkfg, ysfdu vKkurk ds dkj.k dbZ ckj xyrh 
gks tkrh gSA vktdy udyh ;wihvkbZ ,Il Hkh xwxy Iys 
LVksj ij miyC/k gSa] ftuls lrdZ jgus dh t+:jr gS] 
D;ksafd buds bLrseky ls xksiuh; tkudkjh Bx ds gkFkksa esa igq¡p 
ldrh gSA  
baVjusV cSafdax
baVjusV cSafdax ds lqjf{kr mi;ksx ds fy, t+:jh 
gS fd LVªkax ikloMZ j[kk tk, vkSj le;&le; ij 
mls cnyrs jgk tk,A lkFk gh] bldk bLrseky eksckby ;k 
lkoZtfud okbZ&QkbZ ;k lkoZtfud MsLdV‚i ij ugha fd;k 
tk,A vxj ;wt+j baVjusV cSafdax ds bLrseky ds nkSjku ;s 
lkoèkkfu;k¡ cjrrs gSa rks baVjusV cSafdax ls gksus okyh /kks[kk/kM+h 
ls cpk tk ldrk gSA  
D;wvkj dksM
D;wvkj ,d rjg dk ckj dksM gksrk gS] ftls e'khu ds 
t+fj, i<+k tkrk gSA nqdku ij D;wvkj dksM ds t+fj, Hkqxrku 
djus ij tksf[ke de gksrk gS] ysfdu vatku O;fä dks Hkqxrku 
djus ij tksf[ke c<+ tkrk gSA LdSelZ yksxksa dks Bxus ds fy, 
VsDLV eSlst Hkstrs gSa] ftuesa ;wt+j dks iqjLdkj ;k v‚Qj nsus 
dh ckr dgh xbZ gksrh gSA iqjLdkj ;k v‚Qj ikus ds fy, ;wt+j 
dks D;wvkj dksM vksisu djds fiu uacj Mkyus ds fy, dgk 
tkrk gSA pw¡fd D;wvkj dksM dks fcuk LdSu fd, dksM ds vanj 
Page 3


53
tqykbZ 2022
lkbcj Bxh % pqukSfr;k¡ ,oa lek/kku
fM
ftVkbts'ku ds lkFk&lkFk lkbcj Bxh ds ekeyksa esa 
Hkh rst o`f) gqbZ gSA vc rks Qslcqd vkSj baLVkxzke Hkh 
Bxh ds ek/;e cu x, gSaA fe= ;k fj'rsnkjksa dh Qt+hZ çksQkby 
cukdj ,slh Bxh dks vatke fn;k tk jgk gSA chrs dqN o"kksaZ ls 
xwxy lpZ batu ij yksx vius gj ç'u dk tokc <wa< jgs gSaA 
,sls euksfoKku dks –f"Vxr dj Bx ukephu Hkqxrku ,Il tSls] 
xwxy is] Qksu is] isVh,e ds uke ls viuk uacj baVjusV ij 
lgst jgs gSa] ftlds dkj.k [kqn ls yksx gSdlZ ds tky esa Qal 
tkrs gSaA vc rks czkmt+j ,DlVsa'ku ds MkmuyksfMax ds tfj, Hkh 
/kks[kk/kM+h dh tk jgh gSA ;g dke ok;jl ds t+fj, fd;k tkrk 
gSA lkoZtfud pktZj iksVZ ds ek/;e ls Hkh eksckby ,oa ySiV‚i 
laØfer gks tkrs gSaA Økse] eksft+yk vkfn czkmt+j ds t+fj, fd, 
x, v‚uykbu ysu&nsu czkmt+j ds loZj esa lso gks tkrs gSa] 
ftUgsa lsfVax esa tkdj fMyhV djus dh t+:jr gksrh gS] ysfdu 
vKkurko'k yksx ,slk ugha djrs gSa vkSj bldk Qk;nk lkbcj 
Bxksa dks fey tkrk gSA blfy, t+:jr bl ckr dh gS fd cSafdax 
fMftVy mRiknksa tSls MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ] ,Vh,e] ;wihvkbZ] 
baVjusV cSafdax] D;wvkj dksM vkfn ds mi;ksx esa fo'ks"k lko/kkuh 
cjrh tk, D;ksafd buds mi;ksx esa cjrh xbZ vlkoèkkuh vkidh 
tsc dks [kkyh dj ldrh gSA  
fo'ks"k vkys[k
chrs dqN o"kksaZ ls xwxy lpZ batu ij yksx vius gj ç'u dk tokc <wa< jgs gSaA ,sls euksfoKku dks –f"Vxr 
dj Bx ukephu Hkqxrku ,Il tSls] xwxy is] Qksu is] isVh,e ds uke ls viuk uacj baVjusV ij lgst jgs 
gSa] ftlds dkj.k [kqn ls yksx gSdlZ ds tky esa Qal tkrs gSaA vc rks czkmt+j ,DlVsa'ku ds MkmuyksfMax ds 
t+fj, Hkh /kks[kk/kM+h dh tk jgh gSA Økse] eksft+yk vkfn czkmt+j ds t+fj, fd, x, v‚uykbu ysu&nsu czkmt+j 
ds loZj esa lso gks tkrs gSa] ftUgsa lsfVax esa tkdj fMyhV djus dh t+:jr gksrh gS] ysfdu vKkurko'k yksx 
,slk ugha djrs gSa vkSj bldk Qk;nk lkbcj Bxksa dks fey tkrk gSA blfy, t+:jr bl ckr dh gS fd cSafdax 
fMftVy mRiknksa tSls MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ] ,Vh,e] ;wihvkbZ] baVjusV cSafdax] D;wvkj dksM vkfn ds mi;ksx esa 
fo'ks"k lko/kkuh cjrh tk,A
µlrh'k flag
54
tqykbZ 2022
fQf'kax ds rgr fdlh cM+h ;k ukephu daiuh ;k fQj ;wt+j 
dh daiuh dk Qt+hZ osclkbV cukdj] ftldk Lo:i vlyh 
osclkbV tSlk gksrk gS] ls yqHkkous esy fd, tkrs gSa ftlesa eq¶r 
esa egaxh pht+sa nsus dh ckr dgh xbZ gksrh gSA eksckby dk pyu 
c<+us ds ckn gSdlZ ,l,e,l ;k OgkV~l,i ds t+fj, Hkh v‚Qj 
okys eSlst Hkstrs gSa] ftlesa eSyos;j ;qä gkbij fyad fn;k 
gqvk gksrk gSA eSyos;j] dEI;wVj ;k eksckby ;k VSc esa baLV‚y 
l‚¶Vos;j dks uqdlku igqapkus ds lkFk&lkFk ;wt+j dh foÙkh; 
tkudkjh tSls] MsfcV ;k ØsfMV dkMZ dk fooj.k] muds ikloMZ] 
vksVhih] eksckby uacj] irk] cSad [kkrk uacj] tUefrfFk vkfn pqjk 
ysrk gSA ;g ;wt+j dh tkudkjh ds fcuk mlds bZ&esy [kkrs ls 
nwljs dks Qt+hZ bZ&esy Hkh Hkst ldrk gS vkSj blds t+fj, Bxh 
djus ds lkFk&lkFk laosnu'khy tkudkjh vokafNr yksxksa dks Hkh 
csph tk ldrh gSA lkFk gh] bldh enn ls fdlh dh lkekftd 
çfr"Bk dks Hkh /kwfey fd;k tk ldrk gSA 
vktdy lkbcj vijk/kh Qksu dkWYl ;k ,l,e,l ds  
}kjk yksxksa dks fcuk dt+Z fy, gh dt+Znkj crkdj muls iSlksa dh 
olwyh dj jgs gSaA ,slh CySdesfyax NksVh jkf'k elyu 2000 ls 
5000 #i;s ds fy, T+;knk dh tk jgh gS] rkfd vkfFkZd :i ls 
det+ksj yksx iqfyl esa f'kdk;r ugha djsaA yksu fjdojh ,tsaV 
;g /kedh nsrs gSa] vkius gels dt+Z fy;k gS vkSj vxj nks&rhu 
fnuksa esa iSls okfil ugha djsaxs rks vkidh vkifÙktud rLohjsa 
ok;jy dj nh tk,axh ;k vkids lxs&lacaf/k;ksa ;k lgdfeZ;ksa ds 
lkFk lk>k dj nh tk,axh vkSj lcwr ds rkSj ij os eksQZ~M+ rLohjsa 
vkSj ohfM;ks Hkstrs gSaA
dkMZ~l
MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ ls Bxh ewyr% LiwfQax] Ldhfeax vkfn 
ls dh tkrh gSA LiwfQax ds rgr Bx [kqn dks cSad vf/kdkjh ;k 
ØsfMV dkMZ daiuh dk vf/kdkjh crkdj ;wt+j dk eksckby uacj] 
dkMZ uacj] lhohoh vkfn dh enn ls Bxh dks vatke nsrs gSaA 
Ldhfeax ds varxZr dkMZ ls Hkqxrku ds nkSjku dkMZ dks Ldhej 
esa Lokbi dj Bx MqIyhdsV dkMZ cukdj Bxh djrs gSaA gkykafd] 
dkMZ ds mUur otZu esa lqj{kk ds csgrj Qhpj gksus dh otg ls 
,slh Bxh esa vktdy deh vkbZ gSA d‚UVSDVysl dkMZ~l ftlesa 
MsfcV vkSj ØsfMV nksuksa 'kkfey gSa] esa okbZ&QkbZ fu'kku cuk jgrk 
gS] esa fcuk fiu ;k vksVhih Mkys ,d fuf'pr jkf'k rd Hkqxrku 
fd;k tk ldrk gS] ds bLrseky esa ;wt+j dks fo'ks"k lko/kkuh 
cjruh pkfg,A
,Vh,e
,Vh,e esa ftl txg dkMZ Lokbi djrs gSa] ogka vijkèkh 
Ldhej yxk ldrs gSaA ,slh /kks[kk/kM+h ls cpus gsrq ,Vh,e 
esa dkMZ Lokbi djus ls igys ml txg dks FkksM+k [khapsaA 
vxj fLdej yxk gksxk rks og fudy dj gkFk esa vk 
tk,xkA ,Vh,e ds dh&iSM esa Hkh fLdej yxk;k tk ldrk gSA 
blfy, mldk ,d dksuk nckdj ns[ksaA vxj dhiSM esa fLdej 
yxk gksxk rks mldk ,d fljk mB tk,xkA gkykafd] ubZ ,Vh,e 
e'khuksa esa lqj{kk ds csgrj Qhpj gksus dh otg ls bl rjg ls 
Bxh djus dh okjnkrksa esa deh vkbZ gSA Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad us 
,Vh,e ls 10]000 :i;s ;k mlls Åij dh jkf'k fudkyus ds 
fy, vksVhih eksckby ij Hkstus vkSj dkMZysl dS'k dh lqfo/kk 
'kq: dh gSA nwljs cSad Hkh bl ç.kkyh dks viuk ldrs gSa] D;ksafd 
buesa lsa/k yxkus dh xqatkb'k de gSA 
;wihvkbZ
;wihvkbZ us Hkqxrku ç.kkyh dks iwjh rjg ls cny fn;k 
gSA vc Hkqxrku ds fy, uke] cSad [kkrk la[;k] vkbZ,Q,llh 
dksM] 'kk[kk dksM vkfn Mkyus dh t+:jr ugha gksrh gSA vxj 
;wt+j ds eksckby esa Hkqxrku djus okys O;fä dk eksckby uacj 
lso gS rks Hkqxrku ds fy, cl mlds eksckby uEcj dks lsysDV 
djds fDyd djuk gksrk gSA ;wihvkbZ esa euh fjDosLV dh lqfo/kk 
miyC/k gS ;kuh fdlh dks Hkh nwljk O;fä Hkqxrku gsrq fjDosLV 
Hkst ldrk gSA rnqijkar] flQZ ,d fDyd ij iSls fjDosLVj ds 
[kkrs esa varfjr gks tkrs gSaA gkykafd] ,Il ij vyVZ uksfVfQds'ku 
dh lqfo/kk miyC/k gksrh gS] tks ,sls fjDosLV ds ckjs esa ;wt+j dks 
crkrk gSA lansgkLin fjDosLV dks ;wt+j dks rqjar [kkfjt 
dj nsuk pkfg, ysfdu vKkurk ds dkj.k dbZ ckj xyrh 
gks tkrh gSA vktdy udyh ;wihvkbZ ,Il Hkh xwxy Iys 
LVksj ij miyC/k gSa] ftuls lrdZ jgus dh t+:jr gS] 
D;ksafd buds bLrseky ls xksiuh; tkudkjh Bx ds gkFkksa esa igq¡p 
ldrh gSA  
baVjusV cSafdax
baVjusV cSafdax ds lqjf{kr mi;ksx ds fy, t+:jh 
gS fd LVªkax ikloMZ j[kk tk, vkSj le;&le; ij 
mls cnyrs jgk tk,A lkFk gh] bldk bLrseky eksckby ;k 
lkoZtfud okbZ&QkbZ ;k lkoZtfud MsLdV‚i ij ugha fd;k 
tk,A vxj ;wt+j baVjusV cSafdax ds bLrseky ds nkSjku ;s 
lkoèkkfu;k¡ cjrrs gSa rks baVjusV cSafdax ls gksus okyh /kks[kk/kM+h 
ls cpk tk ldrk gSA  
D;wvkj dksM
D;wvkj ,d rjg dk ckj dksM gksrk gS] ftls e'khu ds 
t+fj, i<+k tkrk gSA nqdku ij D;wvkj dksM ds t+fj, Hkqxrku 
djus ij tksf[ke de gksrk gS] ysfdu vatku O;fä dks Hkqxrku 
djus ij tksf[ke c<+ tkrk gSA LdSelZ yksxksa dks Bxus ds fy, 
VsDLV eSlst Hkstrs gSa] ftuesa ;wt+j dks iqjLdkj ;k v‚Qj nsus 
dh ckr dgh xbZ gksrh gSA iqjLdkj ;k v‚Qj ikus ds fy, ;wt+j 
dks D;wvkj dksM vksisu djds fiu uacj Mkyus ds fy, dgk 
tkrk gSA pw¡fd D;wvkj dksM dks fcuk LdSu fd, dksM ds vanj 
55
tqykbZ 2022
dh tkudkjh dks fMdksM ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA 
blfy, ;wt+j dks D;wvkj dksM dks LdSu ds 
ckn fn[kus okys VsDLV dks /;ku ls i<+uk 
pkfg,A
fQf'kax ds jax&:i   
fQf'kax ls Bxh bZ&esy vkSj ,l,e,l ds 
t+fj, dh tkrh gSA Lih;j] Dyksu] OgSfyax] fyad 
eSuhiqys'ku] Qt+hZ osclkbV vkfn fQf'kax ds çeq[k 
çdkj gSaA Lih;j fQf'kax ds rgr çyksHku okys esy 
Hksts tkrs gSa] rkfd O;fä viuh daiuh ;k viuh 
futh tkudkjh lsaMj dks Hkst nsA Dyksu fQf'kax ds 
t+fj, gSdj MqIyhdsV bZ&esy vkbZMh cukdj cSad 
dh rjQ ls ;k ØsfMV dkMZ daiuh dh rjQ ls ;k 
vU; çeks'kuy esy Hkstdj MsfcV ;k ØsfMV dkMZ uacj] [kkrk 
uacj] ikloMZ] vksVhih ekaxdj /kks[kkèkM+h djrs gSaA OgSfyax fQf'kax 
ds rgr bZ&esy bl rjg ls Mªk¶V fd;k tkrk gS fd yxrk gS 
fd mls ;wt+j dh daiuh ds mPp vfèkdkjh us Hkstk gSA fyad 
eSuqiqys'ku ds ek/;e ls gSdj cSad ds feyrs&tqyrs ;wvkj,y dk 
fyad esy ;k ,l,e,l ds tfj, ;wt+j dks Hkstrk gSA fyad ij 
fDyd djrs gh Qt+hZ osclkbV dk ist [kqy tkrk gSA visf{kr 
tkudkjh nsus ds ckn ;wt+j tSls gh ÞlcfeVß cVu ij fDyd 
djrk gS] ist ij ,jj dk eSlst vk tkrk gS vkSj cSad [kkrs ;k 
ØsfMV dkMZ [kkrs ls iSls dh fudklh v‚VkseSfVd gks tkrh gSA   
eksckby ij fQf'kax geys T+;knk  
eksckby ds c<+rs pyu dh otg ls fQf'kax geys 
vc bZ&esy ls T+;knk ,l,e,l ls fd, tk jgs gSa] D;ksafd 
,l,e,l vkSj OgkV~l,i ds tfj, eSyos;j gkbij fyad 
Hkstuk vklku gksrk gSA blfy, ;wt+lZ dks vkbZQksu lesr 
reke czkaMsM Qksu] ySiV‚i vkSj bysDVª‚fud ,lsljht+ lLrh nj 
ij ikus ds v‚Qj] ilZuy yksu] dsokbZlh] cSad v‚Qj] fx¶V 
okmpj vkfn ls lacafèkr ,l,e,l jkst+ Hksts tkrs gSaA ,sls 
,l,e,l ds lkFk gkbij fyad gksrk gS] ftlesa fy[kk gksrk gS 
fd fx¶V dwiu ikus ds fy, ;k dsokbZlh çfØ;k iwjh djus ds 
fy, ;k lhfer vof/k okys v‚Qj dk ykHk ysus ds fy, fn, 
x, fyad ij fDyd djsaA ;wt+j tSls gh fyad ij fDyd djrk 
gS] eSyos;j lfØ; gksdj iy Hkj esa eksckby ç.kkyh dk ,Dlsl 
gSdj dks ns nsrk gSA  
fe= o fj'rsnkj Hkh VkjxsV
dbZ ckj O;fä vius fe= ;k fj'rsnkj ds eksckby esa ,i 
baLVky djds yksu ysrk gS] ftlds dkj.k fe= ;k fj'rsnkj dh 
QksVks ,oa mudh futh tkudkjh ls vijk/kh voxr gks tkrs 
gSa vkSj dtZ+nkj ds vykok yksu fjdojh ,tsaV mlds fe= ;k 
fj'rsnkj ls Hkh iSlksa dh olwyh djrs gSaA uk&uqdj djus ij 
muds eksQZ~M+ QksVks o ohfM;ks ok;jy dj nsrs gSa ;k ;g /kedh 
nsrs gSa fd vxj yksu dh jkf'k tek ugha djksxs rks rqEgkjk flfcy 
Ldksj [kjkc gks tk,xk] rqEgsa fdlh Hkh cSad ;k foÙkh; laLFkku 
ls dHkh Hkh yksu ugha fey ik,xk] vkfnA fjdojh ,tsaV viuh 
èkedh dks lgh lkfcr djus ds fy, O;fä ds ?kj o v‚fQl dk 
,Mªsl ,oa futh tkudkjh mls crkrk gS] ftlls fjdojh ,tsaV 
dh ckrksa ij O;fä Hkjkslk dj ysrk gSA igyh ckj dqN yksx 
,sls Qksu dkYl dks bXuksj djrs gSa] ysfdu tc nwljh&rhljh 
ckj Qksu vkrk gS rks os ncko esa vkdj ekaxh xbZ jde fjdojh 
,tsaV dks ns nsrs gSaA
vijk/k djus ds fy, lks'ky ehfM;k dk bLrseky
eksckby yksu ,i ds t+fj, Bxh dks c<+kok nsus dk dke lks'ky 
ehfM;k Hkh dj jgk gSA vkt yksx Qslcqd] baLVkxzke] V~ohVj] 
okgV~l,Ii ij futh iyksa dh rLohjsa vkSj futh tkudkfj;k¡ 
lk>k dj jgs gSa] çksQkby y‚d ugha gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa gj dksbZ 
ns[k ldrk gS vkSj mldk xyr bLrseky dj ldrk gSA dksbZ 
O;fä tSls gh fV~oVj] baLVkxzke] Qslcqd] 'ks;j pSV vkfn lks'ky 
ehfM;k IysVQ‚eZ vksisu djrk gS] oSls gh] eksckby ;k dEI;wVj 
dh LØhu ij fcuk nLrkost+ vkSj fcuk >a>V ds dqN feuVksa esa 
eksckby ,i ls yksu ysus dk foKkiu fn[kuk 'kq: gks tkrk gSA 
OgkV~l,i ds t+fj, Hkh ,sls foKkiu yksxksa rd igq¡p jgs gSaA nks ls 
ik¡p gtkj #i;s rd dk yksu ysus okys yksx fcuk fn'kk&funsZ'k 
dks i<s eksckby ,i baLVky djds yksu ys ysrs gSaA
fjt+oZ cSad dh psrkouh
eksckby ,i ls vkuu&Qkuu esa yksu ysus dh ço`fÙk esa vkbZ 
rst+h dks ns[krs gq, Hkkjrh; fjt+oZ cSad us ,d fjiksVZ tkjh djds 
yksxksa dks lrdZ jgus dh lykg nh gSA bl fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj 
fQyoä ns'kHkj esa 1100 eksckby ,Il ekStwn gSa] tks yksxksa dks 
rRdky yksu nsus dk dke dj jgs gSaA buesa 600 eksckby yksu 
,Il xSj&dkuwuh gSa vkSj 80 eksckby yksu ,Il xwxy Iys LVksj 
Page 4


53
tqykbZ 2022
lkbcj Bxh % pqukSfr;k¡ ,oa lek/kku
fM
ftVkbts'ku ds lkFk&lkFk lkbcj Bxh ds ekeyksa esa 
Hkh rst o`f) gqbZ gSA vc rks Qslcqd vkSj baLVkxzke Hkh 
Bxh ds ek/;e cu x, gSaA fe= ;k fj'rsnkjksa dh Qt+hZ çksQkby 
cukdj ,slh Bxh dks vatke fn;k tk jgk gSA chrs dqN o"kksaZ ls 
xwxy lpZ batu ij yksx vius gj ç'u dk tokc <wa< jgs gSaA 
,sls euksfoKku dks –f"Vxr dj Bx ukephu Hkqxrku ,Il tSls] 
xwxy is] Qksu is] isVh,e ds uke ls viuk uacj baVjusV ij 
lgst jgs gSa] ftlds dkj.k [kqn ls yksx gSdlZ ds tky esa Qal 
tkrs gSaA vc rks czkmt+j ,DlVsa'ku ds MkmuyksfMax ds tfj, Hkh 
/kks[kk/kM+h dh tk jgh gSA ;g dke ok;jl ds t+fj, fd;k tkrk 
gSA lkoZtfud pktZj iksVZ ds ek/;e ls Hkh eksckby ,oa ySiV‚i 
laØfer gks tkrs gSaA Økse] eksft+yk vkfn czkmt+j ds t+fj, fd, 
x, v‚uykbu ysu&nsu czkmt+j ds loZj esa lso gks tkrs gSa] 
ftUgsa lsfVax esa tkdj fMyhV djus dh t+:jr gksrh gS] ysfdu 
vKkurko'k yksx ,slk ugha djrs gSa vkSj bldk Qk;nk lkbcj 
Bxksa dks fey tkrk gSA blfy, t+:jr bl ckr dh gS fd cSafdax 
fMftVy mRiknksa tSls MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ] ,Vh,e] ;wihvkbZ] 
baVjusV cSafdax] D;wvkj dksM vkfn ds mi;ksx esa fo'ks"k lko/kkuh 
cjrh tk, D;ksafd buds mi;ksx esa cjrh xbZ vlkoèkkuh vkidh 
tsc dks [kkyh dj ldrh gSA  
fo'ks"k vkys[k
chrs dqN o"kksaZ ls xwxy lpZ batu ij yksx vius gj ç'u dk tokc <wa< jgs gSaA ,sls euksfoKku dks –f"Vxr 
dj Bx ukephu Hkqxrku ,Il tSls] xwxy is] Qksu is] isVh,e ds uke ls viuk uacj baVjusV ij lgst jgs 
gSa] ftlds dkj.k [kqn ls yksx gSdlZ ds tky esa Qal tkrs gSaA vc rks czkmt+j ,DlVsa'ku ds MkmuyksfMax ds 
t+fj, Hkh /kks[kk/kM+h dh tk jgh gSA Økse] eksft+yk vkfn czkmt+j ds t+fj, fd, x, v‚uykbu ysu&nsu czkmt+j 
ds loZj esa lso gks tkrs gSa] ftUgsa lsfVax esa tkdj fMyhV djus dh t+:jr gksrh gS] ysfdu vKkurko'k yksx 
,slk ugha djrs gSa vkSj bldk Qk;nk lkbcj Bxksa dks fey tkrk gSA blfy, t+:jr bl ckr dh gS fd cSafdax 
fMftVy mRiknksa tSls MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ] ,Vh,e] ;wihvkbZ] baVjusV cSafdax] D;wvkj dksM vkfn ds mi;ksx esa 
fo'ks"k lko/kkuh cjrh tk,A
µlrh'k flag
54
tqykbZ 2022
fQf'kax ds rgr fdlh cM+h ;k ukephu daiuh ;k fQj ;wt+j 
dh daiuh dk Qt+hZ osclkbV cukdj] ftldk Lo:i vlyh 
osclkbV tSlk gksrk gS] ls yqHkkous esy fd, tkrs gSa ftlesa eq¶r 
esa egaxh pht+sa nsus dh ckr dgh xbZ gksrh gSA eksckby dk pyu 
c<+us ds ckn gSdlZ ,l,e,l ;k OgkV~l,i ds t+fj, Hkh v‚Qj 
okys eSlst Hkstrs gSa] ftlesa eSyos;j ;qä gkbij fyad fn;k 
gqvk gksrk gSA eSyos;j] dEI;wVj ;k eksckby ;k VSc esa baLV‚y 
l‚¶Vos;j dks uqdlku igqapkus ds lkFk&lkFk ;wt+j dh foÙkh; 
tkudkjh tSls] MsfcV ;k ØsfMV dkMZ dk fooj.k] muds ikloMZ] 
vksVhih] eksckby uacj] irk] cSad [kkrk uacj] tUefrfFk vkfn pqjk 
ysrk gSA ;g ;wt+j dh tkudkjh ds fcuk mlds bZ&esy [kkrs ls 
nwljs dks Qt+hZ bZ&esy Hkh Hkst ldrk gS vkSj blds t+fj, Bxh 
djus ds lkFk&lkFk laosnu'khy tkudkjh vokafNr yksxksa dks Hkh 
csph tk ldrh gSA lkFk gh] bldh enn ls fdlh dh lkekftd 
çfr"Bk dks Hkh /kwfey fd;k tk ldrk gSA 
vktdy lkbcj vijk/kh Qksu dkWYl ;k ,l,e,l ds  
}kjk yksxksa dks fcuk dt+Z fy, gh dt+Znkj crkdj muls iSlksa dh 
olwyh dj jgs gSaA ,slh CySdesfyax NksVh jkf'k elyu 2000 ls 
5000 #i;s ds fy, T+;knk dh tk jgh gS] rkfd vkfFkZd :i ls 
det+ksj yksx iqfyl esa f'kdk;r ugha djsaA yksu fjdojh ,tsaV 
;g /kedh nsrs gSa] vkius gels dt+Z fy;k gS vkSj vxj nks&rhu 
fnuksa esa iSls okfil ugha djsaxs rks vkidh vkifÙktud rLohjsa 
ok;jy dj nh tk,axh ;k vkids lxs&lacaf/k;ksa ;k lgdfeZ;ksa ds 
lkFk lk>k dj nh tk,axh vkSj lcwr ds rkSj ij os eksQZ~M+ rLohjsa 
vkSj ohfM;ks Hkstrs gSaA
dkMZ~l
MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ ls Bxh ewyr% LiwfQax] Ldhfeax vkfn 
ls dh tkrh gSA LiwfQax ds rgr Bx [kqn dks cSad vf/kdkjh ;k 
ØsfMV dkMZ daiuh dk vf/kdkjh crkdj ;wt+j dk eksckby uacj] 
dkMZ uacj] lhohoh vkfn dh enn ls Bxh dks vatke nsrs gSaA 
Ldhfeax ds varxZr dkMZ ls Hkqxrku ds nkSjku dkMZ dks Ldhej 
esa Lokbi dj Bx MqIyhdsV dkMZ cukdj Bxh djrs gSaA gkykafd] 
dkMZ ds mUur otZu esa lqj{kk ds csgrj Qhpj gksus dh otg ls 
,slh Bxh esa vktdy deh vkbZ gSA d‚UVSDVysl dkMZ~l ftlesa 
MsfcV vkSj ØsfMV nksuksa 'kkfey gSa] esa okbZ&QkbZ fu'kku cuk jgrk 
gS] esa fcuk fiu ;k vksVhih Mkys ,d fuf'pr jkf'k rd Hkqxrku 
fd;k tk ldrk gS] ds bLrseky esa ;wt+j dks fo'ks"k lko/kkuh 
cjruh pkfg,A
,Vh,e
,Vh,e esa ftl txg dkMZ Lokbi djrs gSa] ogka vijkèkh 
Ldhej yxk ldrs gSaA ,slh /kks[kk/kM+h ls cpus gsrq ,Vh,e 
esa dkMZ Lokbi djus ls igys ml txg dks FkksM+k [khapsaA 
vxj fLdej yxk gksxk rks og fudy dj gkFk esa vk 
tk,xkA ,Vh,e ds dh&iSM esa Hkh fLdej yxk;k tk ldrk gSA 
blfy, mldk ,d dksuk nckdj ns[ksaA vxj dhiSM esa fLdej 
yxk gksxk rks mldk ,d fljk mB tk,xkA gkykafd] ubZ ,Vh,e 
e'khuksa esa lqj{kk ds csgrj Qhpj gksus dh otg ls bl rjg ls 
Bxh djus dh okjnkrksa esa deh vkbZ gSA Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad us 
,Vh,e ls 10]000 :i;s ;k mlls Åij dh jkf'k fudkyus ds 
fy, vksVhih eksckby ij Hkstus vkSj dkMZysl dS'k dh lqfo/kk 
'kq: dh gSA nwljs cSad Hkh bl ç.kkyh dks viuk ldrs gSa] D;ksafd 
buesa lsa/k yxkus dh xqatkb'k de gSA 
;wihvkbZ
;wihvkbZ us Hkqxrku ç.kkyh dks iwjh rjg ls cny fn;k 
gSA vc Hkqxrku ds fy, uke] cSad [kkrk la[;k] vkbZ,Q,llh 
dksM] 'kk[kk dksM vkfn Mkyus dh t+:jr ugha gksrh gSA vxj 
;wt+j ds eksckby esa Hkqxrku djus okys O;fä dk eksckby uacj 
lso gS rks Hkqxrku ds fy, cl mlds eksckby uEcj dks lsysDV 
djds fDyd djuk gksrk gSA ;wihvkbZ esa euh fjDosLV dh lqfo/kk 
miyC/k gS ;kuh fdlh dks Hkh nwljk O;fä Hkqxrku gsrq fjDosLV 
Hkst ldrk gSA rnqijkar] flQZ ,d fDyd ij iSls fjDosLVj ds 
[kkrs esa varfjr gks tkrs gSaA gkykafd] ,Il ij vyVZ uksfVfQds'ku 
dh lqfo/kk miyC/k gksrh gS] tks ,sls fjDosLV ds ckjs esa ;wt+j dks 
crkrk gSA lansgkLin fjDosLV dks ;wt+j dks rqjar [kkfjt 
dj nsuk pkfg, ysfdu vKkurk ds dkj.k dbZ ckj xyrh 
gks tkrh gSA vktdy udyh ;wihvkbZ ,Il Hkh xwxy Iys 
LVksj ij miyC/k gSa] ftuls lrdZ jgus dh t+:jr gS] 
D;ksafd buds bLrseky ls xksiuh; tkudkjh Bx ds gkFkksa esa igq¡p 
ldrh gSA  
baVjusV cSafdax
baVjusV cSafdax ds lqjf{kr mi;ksx ds fy, t+:jh 
gS fd LVªkax ikloMZ j[kk tk, vkSj le;&le; ij 
mls cnyrs jgk tk,A lkFk gh] bldk bLrseky eksckby ;k 
lkoZtfud okbZ&QkbZ ;k lkoZtfud MsLdV‚i ij ugha fd;k 
tk,A vxj ;wt+j baVjusV cSafdax ds bLrseky ds nkSjku ;s 
lkoèkkfu;k¡ cjrrs gSa rks baVjusV cSafdax ls gksus okyh /kks[kk/kM+h 
ls cpk tk ldrk gSA  
D;wvkj dksM
D;wvkj ,d rjg dk ckj dksM gksrk gS] ftls e'khu ds 
t+fj, i<+k tkrk gSA nqdku ij D;wvkj dksM ds t+fj, Hkqxrku 
djus ij tksf[ke de gksrk gS] ysfdu vatku O;fä dks Hkqxrku 
djus ij tksf[ke c<+ tkrk gSA LdSelZ yksxksa dks Bxus ds fy, 
VsDLV eSlst Hkstrs gSa] ftuesa ;wt+j dks iqjLdkj ;k v‚Qj nsus 
dh ckr dgh xbZ gksrh gSA iqjLdkj ;k v‚Qj ikus ds fy, ;wt+j 
dks D;wvkj dksM vksisu djds fiu uacj Mkyus ds fy, dgk 
tkrk gSA pw¡fd D;wvkj dksM dks fcuk LdSu fd, dksM ds vanj 
55
tqykbZ 2022
dh tkudkjh dks fMdksM ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA 
blfy, ;wt+j dks D;wvkj dksM dks LdSu ds 
ckn fn[kus okys VsDLV dks /;ku ls i<+uk 
pkfg,A
fQf'kax ds jax&:i   
fQf'kax ls Bxh bZ&esy vkSj ,l,e,l ds 
t+fj, dh tkrh gSA Lih;j] Dyksu] OgSfyax] fyad 
eSuhiqys'ku] Qt+hZ osclkbV vkfn fQf'kax ds çeq[k 
çdkj gSaA Lih;j fQf'kax ds rgr çyksHku okys esy 
Hksts tkrs gSa] rkfd O;fä viuh daiuh ;k viuh 
futh tkudkjh lsaMj dks Hkst nsA Dyksu fQf'kax ds 
t+fj, gSdj MqIyhdsV bZ&esy vkbZMh cukdj cSad 
dh rjQ ls ;k ØsfMV dkMZ daiuh dh rjQ ls ;k 
vU; çeks'kuy esy Hkstdj MsfcV ;k ØsfMV dkMZ uacj] [kkrk 
uacj] ikloMZ] vksVhih ekaxdj /kks[kkèkM+h djrs gSaA OgSfyax fQf'kax 
ds rgr bZ&esy bl rjg ls Mªk¶V fd;k tkrk gS fd yxrk gS 
fd mls ;wt+j dh daiuh ds mPp vfèkdkjh us Hkstk gSA fyad 
eSuqiqys'ku ds ek/;e ls gSdj cSad ds feyrs&tqyrs ;wvkj,y dk 
fyad esy ;k ,l,e,l ds tfj, ;wt+j dks Hkstrk gSA fyad ij 
fDyd djrs gh Qt+hZ osclkbV dk ist [kqy tkrk gSA visf{kr 
tkudkjh nsus ds ckn ;wt+j tSls gh ÞlcfeVß cVu ij fDyd 
djrk gS] ist ij ,jj dk eSlst vk tkrk gS vkSj cSad [kkrs ;k 
ØsfMV dkMZ [kkrs ls iSls dh fudklh v‚VkseSfVd gks tkrh gSA   
eksckby ij fQf'kax geys T+;knk  
eksckby ds c<+rs pyu dh otg ls fQf'kax geys 
vc bZ&esy ls T+;knk ,l,e,l ls fd, tk jgs gSa] D;ksafd 
,l,e,l vkSj OgkV~l,i ds tfj, eSyos;j gkbij fyad 
Hkstuk vklku gksrk gSA blfy, ;wt+lZ dks vkbZQksu lesr 
reke czkaMsM Qksu] ySiV‚i vkSj bysDVª‚fud ,lsljht+ lLrh nj 
ij ikus ds v‚Qj] ilZuy yksu] dsokbZlh] cSad v‚Qj] fx¶V 
okmpj vkfn ls lacafèkr ,l,e,l jkst+ Hksts tkrs gSaA ,sls 
,l,e,l ds lkFk gkbij fyad gksrk gS] ftlesa fy[kk gksrk gS 
fd fx¶V dwiu ikus ds fy, ;k dsokbZlh çfØ;k iwjh djus ds 
fy, ;k lhfer vof/k okys v‚Qj dk ykHk ysus ds fy, fn, 
x, fyad ij fDyd djsaA ;wt+j tSls gh fyad ij fDyd djrk 
gS] eSyos;j lfØ; gksdj iy Hkj esa eksckby ç.kkyh dk ,Dlsl 
gSdj dks ns nsrk gSA  
fe= o fj'rsnkj Hkh VkjxsV
dbZ ckj O;fä vius fe= ;k fj'rsnkj ds eksckby esa ,i 
baLVky djds yksu ysrk gS] ftlds dkj.k fe= ;k fj'rsnkj dh 
QksVks ,oa mudh futh tkudkjh ls vijk/kh voxr gks tkrs 
gSa vkSj dtZ+nkj ds vykok yksu fjdojh ,tsaV mlds fe= ;k 
fj'rsnkj ls Hkh iSlksa dh olwyh djrs gSaA uk&uqdj djus ij 
muds eksQZ~M+ QksVks o ohfM;ks ok;jy dj nsrs gSa ;k ;g /kedh 
nsrs gSa fd vxj yksu dh jkf'k tek ugha djksxs rks rqEgkjk flfcy 
Ldksj [kjkc gks tk,xk] rqEgsa fdlh Hkh cSad ;k foÙkh; laLFkku 
ls dHkh Hkh yksu ugha fey ik,xk] vkfnA fjdojh ,tsaV viuh 
èkedh dks lgh lkfcr djus ds fy, O;fä ds ?kj o v‚fQl dk 
,Mªsl ,oa futh tkudkjh mls crkrk gS] ftlls fjdojh ,tsaV 
dh ckrksa ij O;fä Hkjkslk dj ysrk gSA igyh ckj dqN yksx 
,sls Qksu dkYl dks bXuksj djrs gSa] ysfdu tc nwljh&rhljh 
ckj Qksu vkrk gS rks os ncko esa vkdj ekaxh xbZ jde fjdojh 
,tsaV dks ns nsrs gSaA
vijk/k djus ds fy, lks'ky ehfM;k dk bLrseky
eksckby yksu ,i ds t+fj, Bxh dks c<+kok nsus dk dke lks'ky 
ehfM;k Hkh dj jgk gSA vkt yksx Qslcqd] baLVkxzke] V~ohVj] 
okgV~l,Ii ij futh iyksa dh rLohjsa vkSj futh tkudkfj;k¡ 
lk>k dj jgs gSa] çksQkby y‚d ugha gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa gj dksbZ 
ns[k ldrk gS vkSj mldk xyr bLrseky dj ldrk gSA dksbZ 
O;fä tSls gh fV~oVj] baLVkxzke] Qslcqd] 'ks;j pSV vkfn lks'ky 
ehfM;k IysVQ‚eZ vksisu djrk gS] oSls gh] eksckby ;k dEI;wVj 
dh LØhu ij fcuk nLrkost+ vkSj fcuk >a>V ds dqN feuVksa esa 
eksckby ,i ls yksu ysus dk foKkiu fn[kuk 'kq: gks tkrk gSA 
OgkV~l,i ds t+fj, Hkh ,sls foKkiu yksxksa rd igq¡p jgs gSaA nks ls 
ik¡p gtkj #i;s rd dk yksu ysus okys yksx fcuk fn'kk&funsZ'k 
dks i<s eksckby ,i baLVky djds yksu ys ysrs gSaA
fjt+oZ cSad dh psrkouh
eksckby ,i ls vkuu&Qkuu esa yksu ysus dh ço`fÙk esa vkbZ 
rst+h dks ns[krs gq, Hkkjrh; fjt+oZ cSad us ,d fjiksVZ tkjh djds 
yksxksa dks lrdZ jgus dh lykg nh gSA bl fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj 
fQyoä ns'kHkj esa 1100 eksckby ,Il ekStwn gSa] tks yksxksa dks 
rRdky yksu nsus dk dke dj jgs gSaA buesa 600 eksckby yksu 
,Il xSj&dkuwuh gSa vkSj 80 eksckby yksu ,Il xwxy Iys LVksj 
56
tqykbZ 2022
ij miyC/k gSaA eksckby yksu ,Il ds t+fj, c<+rh Bxh dh 
okjnkrksa dh otg ls dsaæh; cSad us viuh fjiksVZ esa lkQrkSj ij 
dgk gS fd yksx eksckby ,i ls yksu ysus ds le; csgn gh 
lrdZ jgsaA ;wt+j cSad vdkmaV dh tkudkjh] MsfcV&ØsfMV 
dkMZ dk fiu uacj fdlh ls 'ks;j ugha djsaA
,i MkmuyksfMax ds t+fj, /kks[kk/kM+h 
dksbZ O;fä tc dksbZ Hkh ,i vius eksckby ij baLVky 
djrk gS rks og dkWUVSDV] ehfM;k LVksjst ¼xSyjh½] eSlst jhM 
djus dh ijfe'ku] yksds'ku vkfn dk ,Dlsl ekaxrk gSA lkjs 
ijfe'ku feyus ds ckn gh eksckby esa ,i baLVky gksrk gSA yksu 
fjdojh ,tsaV QksVks] ohfM;ks ,oa futh tkudkjh dk bLrseky 
CySdesy djus ds fy, djrk gSA lkbcj Bxh dks Hkh budh 
enn ls vatke fn;k tkrk gSA vijk/kh igys Qt+hZ osclkbV dk 
fyad Hkstrs gSa] tks vksfjtuy osclkbV ds leku gksrk gSA fyad 
ij fDyd djus ij vxyk ist [kqyrk gS] ftlesa [kkrk la[;k 
;k dkMZ uacj] ikloMZ] vksVhih vkfn Mkyus dk fodYi gksrk 
gSA lcfeV cVu ij fDyd djrs gh iSls cSad [kkrs ls fudy 
tkrs gSaA  
lek/kku
lkbcj /kks[kk/kM+h ls cpus ds fy, D;k djsa\ 
 y cSad dk dLVej ds;j uacj vius ikl j[ksa(
 y vdkmaV uacj] dLVej vkbZMh uacj] dkMZ uacj vkfn Mk;jh 
esa fy[kdj ?kj ij lqjf{kr j[ksa(
 y dkMZ ls tqM+h dksbZ Hkh tkudkjh ;k vksVhih fdlh dks u nsa( 
 y foÙkh; tkudkjh Qksu esa lso u djsa(
 y cSad [kkrk vkSj ØsfMV dkMZ LVsVesaV dh fu;fer rkSj ij 
tkap djsa vkSj xM+cM+h fn[kus ij lacaf/kr cSad ls laidZ djsa( 
 y ,Il v‚fQf'k;y ,si LVksj ls baLV‚y djsa vkSj yksxks o ,i 
dh Lisfyax dks vPNh rjg ls psd djsa(
 y dEI;wVj o eksckby esa ,aVhok;jl l‚¶Vos;j baLV‚y djsa 
vkSj fu;fer :i ls flLVe dks Ldsu djsa( 
 y fons'k esa flQZ ,d gh dkMZ dk mi;ksx djsa vkSj mldh 
fyfeV igys ls r; dj ysa(
 y dS'kcsd ;k fjQaM okyh Ldheksa ds ykyp esa ugha vk,(
 y cSad ds eSlst fu;fer :i ls i<+sa(
 y lkoZtfud okbZ&QkbZ dk bLrseky ugha djsa(
 y vxj ;wt+j us vius cSad [kkrs dks ,Dlsl fd;k gS] rks 
flD;ksMZ usVodZ ij vkrs gh ikloMZ psat djsa(
 y fdlh dks eksckby cspus ls igys mldh QkWeZsfVax djsa vkSj 
t+#jr iM+us ij gh eksckby dk CywVwFk v‚u djsa] vkfnA 
;fn ,Vh,e dkMZ dke ugha dj jgk gS] rks enn ds fy, 
fdlh vutku O;fä dh enn ugha ysaA gj ,Vh,e esa cSad dk 
Qksu uacj] dLVej ds;j uacj vkSj ,Vh,e e'khu dk uacj fy[kk 
gksrk gSA ladV ds le; rqjar gsYiykbu dks Qksu djsaA
,Mªsl ckj esa lgh ;wvkj,y Vkbi dj osclkbZV y‚x&v‚u 
djsaA ;wt+j vkbZMh ,oa ikloMZ vf/k—r y‚x&bu ist ij gh 
lk>k djsaA y‚x&bu ist dk ;wvkj,y ^https://* ls 'kq: gksuk 
pkfg, u fd ^http:// lsA ^,l* ls vk'k; ^lqjf{kr^ ¼Secure½ gksrk 
gSA ,l okys osc ist esa ,afØI'ku dk ç;ksx gksrk gSA czkmt+j ,oa 
osjhlkbu çek.ki= ds nkbZa vksj uhps y‚d dk fpUg Hkh ns[ksaA 
viuh O;fäxr tkudkjh bZ&esYk ;k ,l,e,l ;k Qksu ij rHkh 
nsa tc d‚y vkius fd;k gS ;k fQj osclkbV esa vkius y‚x&bu 
fd;k gSA /;ku jgs] cSad dHkh Hkh bZ&esy ;k ,l,e,l ;k Qksu 
ls xzkgdksa ds [kkrs dh tkudkjh ugha ek¡xrk gSA vxj vki dks 
,slk eglwl gksrk gS fd vkius O;fäxr tkudkjh fdlh xyr 
O;fä ;k xyr txg lk>k dj nh gS ;k eSyos;j gkbij fyad 
ij fDyd dj fn;k gS rks fcuk ?kcjk, vkxs dksbZ tkudkjh 'ks;j 
u djsa- [kkrs ds xyr bLrseky dks jksdus ds fy, rqjar [kkrk 
fooj.kh dh tkap djsa] vxj [kkrs ls vokafNr fudklh ugha gqbZ 
gS rks vius cSad [kkrs ls fudklh ij vLFkk;h :i ls jksd yxok 
nsaA blh rjg ØsfMV dkMZ ds [kkrs dks psd djsaA vxj mlls 
vokafNr fudklh ugha gqbZ gS rks dkMZ dks vLFkk;h :i ls Cy‚d 
dj nsaA 
Bxs tkus ds ckn D;k djsa\
Bxs tkus ds rqjar ckn cSad ds dLVej ds;j dks Qksu djds 
;k cSad tkdj dkMZ dks Cy‚d djk,aA lkbcj ,DliVZ dh enn 
ysa vkSj ,QvkbZvkj ntZ djok,aA ,l,e,l esa vk, Vªkats+D'ku dk 
fçaV vkmV ,QvkbZvkj ¼FIR½ ds lkFk layXu djsaA
fQf'kax bZ&esy o ,l,e,l dh igpku    
;wt+j vxj lko/kkuh ls bZesy ;k ,l,e,l ds VsDLV 
dks i<+sa rks fQf'kax ds [krjs dks le>k tk ldrk gSA fQf'kax 
bZ&esy ;k ,l,e,l ;k OgkV~l,i ds t+fj, Hksts x, gkbij 
fyad ds VsDLV xyr fy[ks gksrs gSa- muesa xzkej feLVsDl] xyr 
Lisfyax vkfn gksrh gSa] ftUgsa vklkuh ls igpkuk tk ldrk gSA 
fQf'kax LdSelZ daifu;ksa ds feyrs&tqyrs yksxks rS;kj djrs gSa 
tks vksfjtuy ls dkQh vyx gksrk gSA daiuh dk ;wvkj,y Hkh 
xyr fy[kk gqvk gksrk gSA
eksckby gSd gksus ij
tSls gh ;wt+j dks yxs fd mldk eksckby gSd gks ldrk gS] 
mls eksckby rqjar can dj nsuk pkfg,A dusfDVfoVh czsd gksus ls 
;wt+j gSfdax ls cp ldrk gSA ;fn eksckby ;wt+j u;k gS rks mls 
lcls igys Qksu dks can djds fle fudky ysuk pkfg,A fQj] 
de ls de 10 lsdsaM ds ckn mls fQj ls v‚u djuk pkfg,A 
vatku ,i baLVky ugha djsa 
eSyos;j okys eksckby ,sIl gSdlZ ds fy, fdlh ds eksckby 
dks gSd djus dk lcls vklku rjhdk gSA pw¡fd] ,sls ,Il dks 
Page 5


53
tqykbZ 2022
lkbcj Bxh % pqukSfr;k¡ ,oa lek/kku
fM
ftVkbts'ku ds lkFk&lkFk lkbcj Bxh ds ekeyksa esa 
Hkh rst o`f) gqbZ gSA vc rks Qslcqd vkSj baLVkxzke Hkh 
Bxh ds ek/;e cu x, gSaA fe= ;k fj'rsnkjksa dh Qt+hZ çksQkby 
cukdj ,slh Bxh dks vatke fn;k tk jgk gSA chrs dqN o"kksaZ ls 
xwxy lpZ batu ij yksx vius gj ç'u dk tokc <wa< jgs gSaA 
,sls euksfoKku dks –f"Vxr dj Bx ukephu Hkqxrku ,Il tSls] 
xwxy is] Qksu is] isVh,e ds uke ls viuk uacj baVjusV ij 
lgst jgs gSa] ftlds dkj.k [kqn ls yksx gSdlZ ds tky esa Qal 
tkrs gSaA vc rks czkmt+j ,DlVsa'ku ds MkmuyksfMax ds tfj, Hkh 
/kks[kk/kM+h dh tk jgh gSA ;g dke ok;jl ds t+fj, fd;k tkrk 
gSA lkoZtfud pktZj iksVZ ds ek/;e ls Hkh eksckby ,oa ySiV‚i 
laØfer gks tkrs gSaA Økse] eksft+yk vkfn czkmt+j ds t+fj, fd, 
x, v‚uykbu ysu&nsu czkmt+j ds loZj esa lso gks tkrs gSa] 
ftUgsa lsfVax esa tkdj fMyhV djus dh t+:jr gksrh gS] ysfdu 
vKkurko'k yksx ,slk ugha djrs gSa vkSj bldk Qk;nk lkbcj 
Bxksa dks fey tkrk gSA blfy, t+:jr bl ckr dh gS fd cSafdax 
fMftVy mRiknksa tSls MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ] ,Vh,e] ;wihvkbZ] 
baVjusV cSafdax] D;wvkj dksM vkfn ds mi;ksx esa fo'ks"k lko/kkuh 
cjrh tk, D;ksafd buds mi;ksx esa cjrh xbZ vlkoèkkuh vkidh 
tsc dks [kkyh dj ldrh gSA  
fo'ks"k vkys[k
chrs dqN o"kksaZ ls xwxy lpZ batu ij yksx vius gj ç'u dk tokc <wa< jgs gSaA ,sls euksfoKku dks –f"Vxr 
dj Bx ukephu Hkqxrku ,Il tSls] xwxy is] Qksu is] isVh,e ds uke ls viuk uacj baVjusV ij lgst jgs 
gSa] ftlds dkj.k [kqn ls yksx gSdlZ ds tky esa Qal tkrs gSaA vc rks czkmt+j ,DlVsa'ku ds MkmuyksfMax ds 
t+fj, Hkh /kks[kk/kM+h dh tk jgh gSA Økse] eksft+yk vkfn czkmt+j ds t+fj, fd, x, v‚uykbu ysu&nsu czkmt+j 
ds loZj esa lso gks tkrs gSa] ftUgsa lsfVax esa tkdj fMyhV djus dh t+:jr gksrh gS] ysfdu vKkurko'k yksx 
,slk ugha djrs gSa vkSj bldk Qk;nk lkbcj Bxksa dks fey tkrk gSA blfy, t+:jr bl ckr dh gS fd cSafdax 
fMftVy mRiknksa tSls MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ] ,Vh,e] ;wihvkbZ] baVjusV cSafdax] D;wvkj dksM vkfn ds mi;ksx esa 
fo'ks"k lko/kkuh cjrh tk,A
µlrh'k flag
54
tqykbZ 2022
fQf'kax ds rgr fdlh cM+h ;k ukephu daiuh ;k fQj ;wt+j 
dh daiuh dk Qt+hZ osclkbV cukdj] ftldk Lo:i vlyh 
osclkbV tSlk gksrk gS] ls yqHkkous esy fd, tkrs gSa ftlesa eq¶r 
esa egaxh pht+sa nsus dh ckr dgh xbZ gksrh gSA eksckby dk pyu 
c<+us ds ckn gSdlZ ,l,e,l ;k OgkV~l,i ds t+fj, Hkh v‚Qj 
okys eSlst Hkstrs gSa] ftlesa eSyos;j ;qä gkbij fyad fn;k 
gqvk gksrk gSA eSyos;j] dEI;wVj ;k eksckby ;k VSc esa baLV‚y 
l‚¶Vos;j dks uqdlku igqapkus ds lkFk&lkFk ;wt+j dh foÙkh; 
tkudkjh tSls] MsfcV ;k ØsfMV dkMZ dk fooj.k] muds ikloMZ] 
vksVhih] eksckby uacj] irk] cSad [kkrk uacj] tUefrfFk vkfn pqjk 
ysrk gSA ;g ;wt+j dh tkudkjh ds fcuk mlds bZ&esy [kkrs ls 
nwljs dks Qt+hZ bZ&esy Hkh Hkst ldrk gS vkSj blds t+fj, Bxh 
djus ds lkFk&lkFk laosnu'khy tkudkjh vokafNr yksxksa dks Hkh 
csph tk ldrh gSA lkFk gh] bldh enn ls fdlh dh lkekftd 
çfr"Bk dks Hkh /kwfey fd;k tk ldrk gSA 
vktdy lkbcj vijk/kh Qksu dkWYl ;k ,l,e,l ds  
}kjk yksxksa dks fcuk dt+Z fy, gh dt+Znkj crkdj muls iSlksa dh 
olwyh dj jgs gSaA ,slh CySdesfyax NksVh jkf'k elyu 2000 ls 
5000 #i;s ds fy, T+;knk dh tk jgh gS] rkfd vkfFkZd :i ls 
det+ksj yksx iqfyl esa f'kdk;r ugha djsaA yksu fjdojh ,tsaV 
;g /kedh nsrs gSa] vkius gels dt+Z fy;k gS vkSj vxj nks&rhu 
fnuksa esa iSls okfil ugha djsaxs rks vkidh vkifÙktud rLohjsa 
ok;jy dj nh tk,axh ;k vkids lxs&lacaf/k;ksa ;k lgdfeZ;ksa ds 
lkFk lk>k dj nh tk,axh vkSj lcwr ds rkSj ij os eksQZ~M+ rLohjsa 
vkSj ohfM;ks Hkstrs gSaA
dkMZ~l
MsfcV o ØsfMV dkMZ ls Bxh ewyr% LiwfQax] Ldhfeax vkfn 
ls dh tkrh gSA LiwfQax ds rgr Bx [kqn dks cSad vf/kdkjh ;k 
ØsfMV dkMZ daiuh dk vf/kdkjh crkdj ;wt+j dk eksckby uacj] 
dkMZ uacj] lhohoh vkfn dh enn ls Bxh dks vatke nsrs gSaA 
Ldhfeax ds varxZr dkMZ ls Hkqxrku ds nkSjku dkMZ dks Ldhej 
esa Lokbi dj Bx MqIyhdsV dkMZ cukdj Bxh djrs gSaA gkykafd] 
dkMZ ds mUur otZu esa lqj{kk ds csgrj Qhpj gksus dh otg ls 
,slh Bxh esa vktdy deh vkbZ gSA d‚UVSDVysl dkMZ~l ftlesa 
MsfcV vkSj ØsfMV nksuksa 'kkfey gSa] esa okbZ&QkbZ fu'kku cuk jgrk 
gS] esa fcuk fiu ;k vksVhih Mkys ,d fuf'pr jkf'k rd Hkqxrku 
fd;k tk ldrk gS] ds bLrseky esa ;wt+j dks fo'ks"k lko/kkuh 
cjruh pkfg,A
,Vh,e
,Vh,e esa ftl txg dkMZ Lokbi djrs gSa] ogka vijkèkh 
Ldhej yxk ldrs gSaA ,slh /kks[kk/kM+h ls cpus gsrq ,Vh,e 
esa dkMZ Lokbi djus ls igys ml txg dks FkksM+k [khapsaA 
vxj fLdej yxk gksxk rks og fudy dj gkFk esa vk 
tk,xkA ,Vh,e ds dh&iSM esa Hkh fLdej yxk;k tk ldrk gSA 
blfy, mldk ,d dksuk nckdj ns[ksaA vxj dhiSM esa fLdej 
yxk gksxk rks mldk ,d fljk mB tk,xkA gkykafd] ubZ ,Vh,e 
e'khuksa esa lqj{kk ds csgrj Qhpj gksus dh otg ls bl rjg ls 
Bxh djus dh okjnkrksa esa deh vkbZ gSA Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad us 
,Vh,e ls 10]000 :i;s ;k mlls Åij dh jkf'k fudkyus ds 
fy, vksVhih eksckby ij Hkstus vkSj dkMZysl dS'k dh lqfo/kk 
'kq: dh gSA nwljs cSad Hkh bl ç.kkyh dks viuk ldrs gSa] D;ksafd 
buesa lsa/k yxkus dh xqatkb'k de gSA 
;wihvkbZ
;wihvkbZ us Hkqxrku ç.kkyh dks iwjh rjg ls cny fn;k 
gSA vc Hkqxrku ds fy, uke] cSad [kkrk la[;k] vkbZ,Q,llh 
dksM] 'kk[kk dksM vkfn Mkyus dh t+:jr ugha gksrh gSA vxj 
;wt+j ds eksckby esa Hkqxrku djus okys O;fä dk eksckby uacj 
lso gS rks Hkqxrku ds fy, cl mlds eksckby uEcj dks lsysDV 
djds fDyd djuk gksrk gSA ;wihvkbZ esa euh fjDosLV dh lqfo/kk 
miyC/k gS ;kuh fdlh dks Hkh nwljk O;fä Hkqxrku gsrq fjDosLV 
Hkst ldrk gSA rnqijkar] flQZ ,d fDyd ij iSls fjDosLVj ds 
[kkrs esa varfjr gks tkrs gSaA gkykafd] ,Il ij vyVZ uksfVfQds'ku 
dh lqfo/kk miyC/k gksrh gS] tks ,sls fjDosLV ds ckjs esa ;wt+j dks 
crkrk gSA lansgkLin fjDosLV dks ;wt+j dks rqjar [kkfjt 
dj nsuk pkfg, ysfdu vKkurk ds dkj.k dbZ ckj xyrh 
gks tkrh gSA vktdy udyh ;wihvkbZ ,Il Hkh xwxy Iys 
LVksj ij miyC/k gSa] ftuls lrdZ jgus dh t+:jr gS] 
D;ksafd buds bLrseky ls xksiuh; tkudkjh Bx ds gkFkksa esa igq¡p 
ldrh gSA  
baVjusV cSafdax
baVjusV cSafdax ds lqjf{kr mi;ksx ds fy, t+:jh 
gS fd LVªkax ikloMZ j[kk tk, vkSj le;&le; ij 
mls cnyrs jgk tk,A lkFk gh] bldk bLrseky eksckby ;k 
lkoZtfud okbZ&QkbZ ;k lkoZtfud MsLdV‚i ij ugha fd;k 
tk,A vxj ;wt+j baVjusV cSafdax ds bLrseky ds nkSjku ;s 
lkoèkkfu;k¡ cjrrs gSa rks baVjusV cSafdax ls gksus okyh /kks[kk/kM+h 
ls cpk tk ldrk gSA  
D;wvkj dksM
D;wvkj ,d rjg dk ckj dksM gksrk gS] ftls e'khu ds 
t+fj, i<+k tkrk gSA nqdku ij D;wvkj dksM ds t+fj, Hkqxrku 
djus ij tksf[ke de gksrk gS] ysfdu vatku O;fä dks Hkqxrku 
djus ij tksf[ke c<+ tkrk gSA LdSelZ yksxksa dks Bxus ds fy, 
VsDLV eSlst Hkstrs gSa] ftuesa ;wt+j dks iqjLdkj ;k v‚Qj nsus 
dh ckr dgh xbZ gksrh gSA iqjLdkj ;k v‚Qj ikus ds fy, ;wt+j 
dks D;wvkj dksM vksisu djds fiu uacj Mkyus ds fy, dgk 
tkrk gSA pw¡fd D;wvkj dksM dks fcuk LdSu fd, dksM ds vanj 
55
tqykbZ 2022
dh tkudkjh dks fMdksM ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA 
blfy, ;wt+j dks D;wvkj dksM dks LdSu ds 
ckn fn[kus okys VsDLV dks /;ku ls i<+uk 
pkfg,A
fQf'kax ds jax&:i   
fQf'kax ls Bxh bZ&esy vkSj ,l,e,l ds 
t+fj, dh tkrh gSA Lih;j] Dyksu] OgSfyax] fyad 
eSuhiqys'ku] Qt+hZ osclkbV vkfn fQf'kax ds çeq[k 
çdkj gSaA Lih;j fQf'kax ds rgr çyksHku okys esy 
Hksts tkrs gSa] rkfd O;fä viuh daiuh ;k viuh 
futh tkudkjh lsaMj dks Hkst nsA Dyksu fQf'kax ds 
t+fj, gSdj MqIyhdsV bZ&esy vkbZMh cukdj cSad 
dh rjQ ls ;k ØsfMV dkMZ daiuh dh rjQ ls ;k 
vU; çeks'kuy esy Hkstdj MsfcV ;k ØsfMV dkMZ uacj] [kkrk 
uacj] ikloMZ] vksVhih ekaxdj /kks[kkèkM+h djrs gSaA OgSfyax fQf'kax 
ds rgr bZ&esy bl rjg ls Mªk¶V fd;k tkrk gS fd yxrk gS 
fd mls ;wt+j dh daiuh ds mPp vfèkdkjh us Hkstk gSA fyad 
eSuqiqys'ku ds ek/;e ls gSdj cSad ds feyrs&tqyrs ;wvkj,y dk 
fyad esy ;k ,l,e,l ds tfj, ;wt+j dks Hkstrk gSA fyad ij 
fDyd djrs gh Qt+hZ osclkbV dk ist [kqy tkrk gSA visf{kr 
tkudkjh nsus ds ckn ;wt+j tSls gh ÞlcfeVß cVu ij fDyd 
djrk gS] ist ij ,jj dk eSlst vk tkrk gS vkSj cSad [kkrs ;k 
ØsfMV dkMZ [kkrs ls iSls dh fudklh v‚VkseSfVd gks tkrh gSA   
eksckby ij fQf'kax geys T+;knk  
eksckby ds c<+rs pyu dh otg ls fQf'kax geys 
vc bZ&esy ls T+;knk ,l,e,l ls fd, tk jgs gSa] D;ksafd 
,l,e,l vkSj OgkV~l,i ds tfj, eSyos;j gkbij fyad 
Hkstuk vklku gksrk gSA blfy, ;wt+lZ dks vkbZQksu lesr 
reke czkaMsM Qksu] ySiV‚i vkSj bysDVª‚fud ,lsljht+ lLrh nj 
ij ikus ds v‚Qj] ilZuy yksu] dsokbZlh] cSad v‚Qj] fx¶V 
okmpj vkfn ls lacafèkr ,l,e,l jkst+ Hksts tkrs gSaA ,sls 
,l,e,l ds lkFk gkbij fyad gksrk gS] ftlesa fy[kk gksrk gS 
fd fx¶V dwiu ikus ds fy, ;k dsokbZlh çfØ;k iwjh djus ds 
fy, ;k lhfer vof/k okys v‚Qj dk ykHk ysus ds fy, fn, 
x, fyad ij fDyd djsaA ;wt+j tSls gh fyad ij fDyd djrk 
gS] eSyos;j lfØ; gksdj iy Hkj esa eksckby ç.kkyh dk ,Dlsl 
gSdj dks ns nsrk gSA  
fe= o fj'rsnkj Hkh VkjxsV
dbZ ckj O;fä vius fe= ;k fj'rsnkj ds eksckby esa ,i 
baLVky djds yksu ysrk gS] ftlds dkj.k fe= ;k fj'rsnkj dh 
QksVks ,oa mudh futh tkudkjh ls vijk/kh voxr gks tkrs 
gSa vkSj dtZ+nkj ds vykok yksu fjdojh ,tsaV mlds fe= ;k 
fj'rsnkj ls Hkh iSlksa dh olwyh djrs gSaA uk&uqdj djus ij 
muds eksQZ~M+ QksVks o ohfM;ks ok;jy dj nsrs gSa ;k ;g /kedh 
nsrs gSa fd vxj yksu dh jkf'k tek ugha djksxs rks rqEgkjk flfcy 
Ldksj [kjkc gks tk,xk] rqEgsa fdlh Hkh cSad ;k foÙkh; laLFkku 
ls dHkh Hkh yksu ugha fey ik,xk] vkfnA fjdojh ,tsaV viuh 
èkedh dks lgh lkfcr djus ds fy, O;fä ds ?kj o v‚fQl dk 
,Mªsl ,oa futh tkudkjh mls crkrk gS] ftlls fjdojh ,tsaV 
dh ckrksa ij O;fä Hkjkslk dj ysrk gSA igyh ckj dqN yksx 
,sls Qksu dkYl dks bXuksj djrs gSa] ysfdu tc nwljh&rhljh 
ckj Qksu vkrk gS rks os ncko esa vkdj ekaxh xbZ jde fjdojh 
,tsaV dks ns nsrs gSaA
vijk/k djus ds fy, lks'ky ehfM;k dk bLrseky
eksckby yksu ,i ds t+fj, Bxh dks c<+kok nsus dk dke lks'ky 
ehfM;k Hkh dj jgk gSA vkt yksx Qslcqd] baLVkxzke] V~ohVj] 
okgV~l,Ii ij futh iyksa dh rLohjsa vkSj futh tkudkfj;k¡ 
lk>k dj jgs gSa] çksQkby y‚d ugha gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa gj dksbZ 
ns[k ldrk gS vkSj mldk xyr bLrseky dj ldrk gSA dksbZ 
O;fä tSls gh fV~oVj] baLVkxzke] Qslcqd] 'ks;j pSV vkfn lks'ky 
ehfM;k IysVQ‚eZ vksisu djrk gS] oSls gh] eksckby ;k dEI;wVj 
dh LØhu ij fcuk nLrkost+ vkSj fcuk >a>V ds dqN feuVksa esa 
eksckby ,i ls yksu ysus dk foKkiu fn[kuk 'kq: gks tkrk gSA 
OgkV~l,i ds t+fj, Hkh ,sls foKkiu yksxksa rd igq¡p jgs gSaA nks ls 
ik¡p gtkj #i;s rd dk yksu ysus okys yksx fcuk fn'kk&funsZ'k 
dks i<s eksckby ,i baLVky djds yksu ys ysrs gSaA
fjt+oZ cSad dh psrkouh
eksckby ,i ls vkuu&Qkuu esa yksu ysus dh ço`fÙk esa vkbZ 
rst+h dks ns[krs gq, Hkkjrh; fjt+oZ cSad us ,d fjiksVZ tkjh djds 
yksxksa dks lrdZ jgus dh lykg nh gSA bl fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj 
fQyoä ns'kHkj esa 1100 eksckby ,Il ekStwn gSa] tks yksxksa dks 
rRdky yksu nsus dk dke dj jgs gSaA buesa 600 eksckby yksu 
,Il xSj&dkuwuh gSa vkSj 80 eksckby yksu ,Il xwxy Iys LVksj 
56
tqykbZ 2022
ij miyC/k gSaA eksckby yksu ,Il ds t+fj, c<+rh Bxh dh 
okjnkrksa dh otg ls dsaæh; cSad us viuh fjiksVZ esa lkQrkSj ij 
dgk gS fd yksx eksckby ,i ls yksu ysus ds le; csgn gh 
lrdZ jgsaA ;wt+j cSad vdkmaV dh tkudkjh] MsfcV&ØsfMV 
dkMZ dk fiu uacj fdlh ls 'ks;j ugha djsaA
,i MkmuyksfMax ds t+fj, /kks[kk/kM+h 
dksbZ O;fä tc dksbZ Hkh ,i vius eksckby ij baLVky 
djrk gS rks og dkWUVSDV] ehfM;k LVksjst ¼xSyjh½] eSlst jhM 
djus dh ijfe'ku] yksds'ku vkfn dk ,Dlsl ekaxrk gSA lkjs 
ijfe'ku feyus ds ckn gh eksckby esa ,i baLVky gksrk gSA yksu 
fjdojh ,tsaV QksVks] ohfM;ks ,oa futh tkudkjh dk bLrseky 
CySdesy djus ds fy, djrk gSA lkbcj Bxh dks Hkh budh 
enn ls vatke fn;k tkrk gSA vijk/kh igys Qt+hZ osclkbV dk 
fyad Hkstrs gSa] tks vksfjtuy osclkbV ds leku gksrk gSA fyad 
ij fDyd djus ij vxyk ist [kqyrk gS] ftlesa [kkrk la[;k 
;k dkMZ uacj] ikloMZ] vksVhih vkfn Mkyus dk fodYi gksrk 
gSA lcfeV cVu ij fDyd djrs gh iSls cSad [kkrs ls fudy 
tkrs gSaA  
lek/kku
lkbcj /kks[kk/kM+h ls cpus ds fy, D;k djsa\ 
 y cSad dk dLVej ds;j uacj vius ikl j[ksa(
 y vdkmaV uacj] dLVej vkbZMh uacj] dkMZ uacj vkfn Mk;jh 
esa fy[kdj ?kj ij lqjf{kr j[ksa(
 y dkMZ ls tqM+h dksbZ Hkh tkudkjh ;k vksVhih fdlh dks u nsa( 
 y foÙkh; tkudkjh Qksu esa lso u djsa(
 y cSad [kkrk vkSj ØsfMV dkMZ LVsVesaV dh fu;fer rkSj ij 
tkap djsa vkSj xM+cM+h fn[kus ij lacaf/kr cSad ls laidZ djsa( 
 y ,Il v‚fQf'k;y ,si LVksj ls baLV‚y djsa vkSj yksxks o ,i 
dh Lisfyax dks vPNh rjg ls psd djsa(
 y dEI;wVj o eksckby esa ,aVhok;jl l‚¶Vos;j baLV‚y djsa 
vkSj fu;fer :i ls flLVe dks Ldsu djsa( 
 y fons'k esa flQZ ,d gh dkMZ dk mi;ksx djsa vkSj mldh 
fyfeV igys ls r; dj ysa(
 y dS'kcsd ;k fjQaM okyh Ldheksa ds ykyp esa ugha vk,(
 y cSad ds eSlst fu;fer :i ls i<+sa(
 y lkoZtfud okbZ&QkbZ dk bLrseky ugha djsa(
 y vxj ;wt+j us vius cSad [kkrs dks ,Dlsl fd;k gS] rks 
flD;ksMZ usVodZ ij vkrs gh ikloMZ psat djsa(
 y fdlh dks eksckby cspus ls igys mldh QkWeZsfVax djsa vkSj 
t+#jr iM+us ij gh eksckby dk CywVwFk v‚u djsa] vkfnA 
;fn ,Vh,e dkMZ dke ugha dj jgk gS] rks enn ds fy, 
fdlh vutku O;fä dh enn ugha ysaA gj ,Vh,e esa cSad dk 
Qksu uacj] dLVej ds;j uacj vkSj ,Vh,e e'khu dk uacj fy[kk 
gksrk gSA ladV ds le; rqjar gsYiykbu dks Qksu djsaA
,Mªsl ckj esa lgh ;wvkj,y Vkbi dj osclkbZV y‚x&v‚u 
djsaA ;wt+j vkbZMh ,oa ikloMZ vf/k—r y‚x&bu ist ij gh 
lk>k djsaA y‚x&bu ist dk ;wvkj,y ^https://* ls 'kq: gksuk 
pkfg, u fd ^http:// lsA ^,l* ls vk'k; ^lqjf{kr^ ¼Secure½ gksrk 
gSA ,l okys osc ist esa ,afØI'ku dk ç;ksx gksrk gSA czkmt+j ,oa 
osjhlkbu çek.ki= ds nkbZa vksj uhps y‚d dk fpUg Hkh ns[ksaA 
viuh O;fäxr tkudkjh bZ&esYk ;k ,l,e,l ;k Qksu ij rHkh 
nsa tc d‚y vkius fd;k gS ;k fQj osclkbV esa vkius y‚x&bu 
fd;k gSA /;ku jgs] cSad dHkh Hkh bZ&esy ;k ,l,e,l ;k Qksu 
ls xzkgdksa ds [kkrs dh tkudkjh ugha ek¡xrk gSA vxj vki dks 
,slk eglwl gksrk gS fd vkius O;fäxr tkudkjh fdlh xyr 
O;fä ;k xyr txg lk>k dj nh gS ;k eSyos;j gkbij fyad 
ij fDyd dj fn;k gS rks fcuk ?kcjk, vkxs dksbZ tkudkjh 'ks;j 
u djsa- [kkrs ds xyr bLrseky dks jksdus ds fy, rqjar [kkrk 
fooj.kh dh tkap djsa] vxj [kkrs ls vokafNr fudklh ugha gqbZ 
gS rks vius cSad [kkrs ls fudklh ij vLFkk;h :i ls jksd yxok 
nsaA blh rjg ØsfMV dkMZ ds [kkrs dks psd djsaA vxj mlls 
vokafNr fudklh ugha gqbZ gS rks dkMZ dks vLFkk;h :i ls Cy‚d 
dj nsaA 
Bxs tkus ds ckn D;k djsa\
Bxs tkus ds rqjar ckn cSad ds dLVej ds;j dks Qksu djds 
;k cSad tkdj dkMZ dks Cy‚d djk,aA lkbcj ,DliVZ dh enn 
ysa vkSj ,QvkbZvkj ntZ djok,aA ,l,e,l esa vk, Vªkats+D'ku dk 
fçaV vkmV ,QvkbZvkj ¼FIR½ ds lkFk layXu djsaA
fQf'kax bZ&esy o ,l,e,l dh igpku    
;wt+j vxj lko/kkuh ls bZesy ;k ,l,e,l ds VsDLV 
dks i<+sa rks fQf'kax ds [krjs dks le>k tk ldrk gSA fQf'kax 
bZ&esy ;k ,l,e,l ;k OgkV~l,i ds t+fj, Hksts x, gkbij 
fyad ds VsDLV xyr fy[ks gksrs gSa- muesa xzkej feLVsDl] xyr 
Lisfyax vkfn gksrh gSa] ftUgsa vklkuh ls igpkuk tk ldrk gSA 
fQf'kax LdSelZ daifu;ksa ds feyrs&tqyrs yksxks rS;kj djrs gSa 
tks vksfjtuy ls dkQh vyx gksrk gSA daiuh dk ;wvkj,y Hkh 
xyr fy[kk gqvk gksrk gSA
eksckby gSd gksus ij
tSls gh ;wt+j dks yxs fd mldk eksckby gSd gks ldrk gS] 
mls eksckby rqjar can dj nsuk pkfg,A dusfDVfoVh czsd gksus ls 
;wt+j gSfdax ls cp ldrk gSA ;fn eksckby ;wt+j u;k gS rks mls 
lcls igys Qksu dks can djds fle fudky ysuk pkfg,A fQj] 
de ls de 10 lsdsaM ds ckn mls fQj ls v‚u djuk pkfg,A 
vatku ,i baLVky ugha djsa 
eSyos;j okys eksckby ,sIl gSdlZ ds fy, fdlh ds eksckby 
dks gSd djus dk lcls vklku rjhdk gSA pw¡fd] ,sls ,Il dks 
57
tqykbZ 2022
lks'ky ehfM;k IysVQ‚eZ vkSj o‚V~l,si xzqi pSV esa lfVZQkbM 
,si ds rkSj ij 'ks;j fd;k tkrk gS blfy, yksx bUgsa fcuk 
tkap&iM+rky ds vius eksckby ij baLVky djds eqlhcr esa Qal 
tkrs gSaA fjt+oZ cSad ds vuqlkj ,sls ,sIl LØhu 'ks;fjax dk dke 
djrs gSaA bl otg ls LdSej rqjar eksckby Qksu dks vius daVªksy 
esa ys ysrk gS vkSj vklkuh ls ;wt+j dk Qkbusaf'k;y ØsMsaf'k;y 
gkfly dj ysrk gSA   
eksckby ,i ls yksu ysus ds Øe esa jgsa lrdZ   
eksckby ,i ls yksu ysus ds Øe esa çkslsflax Qhl ds :i 
esa vxj T+;knk iSls ekaxs tk jgs gSa rks yksu dnkfi ugha ysaA 
ftl eksckby ,si ls vki yksu ysus ds fy, vkosnu dj jgs gSa] 
mldh jsfVax t+:j ns[k ysa] mldk fjO;w Hkh i<+ ysa] vk/kkj uacj] 
iSu dkMZ ds ,ot esa yksu nsus okys eksckby ,i ls Hkh yksu ugha 
ysaA lkFk gh] futh tkudkjh ekaxus okys eksckby ,i ls Hkh yksu 
ysus ls ijgst+ djsaA tks eksckby ,si Ýh yksu Dykst+j ds uke 
ij T+;knk iSls Qhl ds :i esa ekaxs mlls Hkh yksu ugha ysuk 
pkfg,A mlh eksckby ,Il ls yksu ysa tks ekU;rk çkIr cSad ;k 
xSj&cSafdax foÙkh; daiuh ¼,uch,Qlh½ ls lac) gksaA  
?kcjk,a ugha
;fn yksu fjdojh ,tsaV vkifÙktud rLohj ok;jy djus 
dh /kedh ns jgk gS rks rqjar iqfyl ds lkbcj lsy esa f'kdk;r 
djsaA Bxh ls cpus ds fy, yksd&ykt dh ijokg ugha djsa vkSj 
u gh dkuwuh ipM+ksa ls MjsaA v‚uykbu Bxh djus okys vijkèkh 
vPNh rjg ls vke yksxksa dh det+ksjh dks tkurs gSaA ,sls vijkèkh 
euksoSKkfud ncko cukus esa n{k gksrs gSaA blfy, fuMj cudj 
,slh eqlhcr dk lkeuk djsaA eksckby ij vatku uacj ls vk, 
,l,e,l ;k OgkV~l,i esa x, fyad ij fDyd ugha djsa] D;ksafd 
blls eksckby gSd gks ldrk gSA  
fu"d"kZ
;wt+j i<+k&fy[kk gks ;k vui<+( vkt lHkh v‚uykbu Bxh 
ds f'kdkj gks jgs gSaA Bxh ls u rks 'kgjh {ks= ds yksx cp ik 
jgs gSa vkSj u gh xzkeh.k {ks= ds yksxA cM+s ljdkjh vf/kdkjh] 
cSad vf/kdkjh] tt] fo/kk;d] lkaln] ea=h] iqfyl lHkh blds 
f'kdkj gks jgs gSaA
cSad ds fMftVy mRikn v‚uykbu Bxh dk t+fj;k cu x, 
gSaA fQj Hkh] ltx] lrdZ vkSj tkx:d jgdj fMftVy mRiknksa 
ls gks jgh lkbcj Bxh ls cpk tk ldrk gSA     
vxj yksx czkmfta+x ls'ku ds nkSjku lansgkLin i‚i vi 
ls lrdZ jgsa( https://iSM y‚d flacy okyk URL gS ;k ugha 
dks lqfuf'pr djsa( osclkbV~l ;k eksckby ;k ifCyd ySiV‚i 
;k MsLdV‚i ij dkMZ dh tkudkjh lk>k ugha djsa( vatku uacj 
;k bZesy vkbZMh ls vk, vVSpesaV dks rqjar fMyhV dj nsa vkSj 
v‚uykbu y‚Vjh] dSfluks] xsfeax] 'k‚fiax ;k Ýh MkmuyksM okys 
eSlst dh mis{kk djsa rks fQf'kax esy ;k ,l,e,l ;k OgkV~l,i 
ds t+fj, Q‚joMZ gksus okys lansgkLin gkbij fyad ds tky ls 
cpk tk ldrk gSA
eksckby ,si ls yksu ysuk lwn[kksj ;k egktu ;k lkgwdkj 
ls Hkh T+;knk [krjukd gSA dbZ ckj yksu fjdojh ,tsaV yksxksa 
ls flQZ iSls gh ugha Bxrs gSa] cfYd lekt esa mUgsa cnuke Hkh 
dj nsrs gSaA lwn[kksj ;k egktu ;k lkgwdkj eksVs rkSj ij xk¡o 
o dLcs rd lhfer Fks] ysfdu vkt yksu fjdojh ,tsaV~l dh 
O;kidrk ns'k&dky ls ijs gS] D;ksafd vf/kdka'k eksckby pkbuk 
esM gSa vkSj mudk loZj Hkkjr ls ckgj gksrk gSA blh otg ls 
vf/kdka'k fjdojh ,tsaV~l phu] fo;ruke] FkkbZySaM] fQyhihal] 
nf{k.k vÝhdk vkfn ls Bxh dk dkjksckj dj jgs gSaA blfy,] 
iqfyl esa f'kdk;r djus ds ckotwn Bxksa dks idM+uk vklku 
ugha gksrk gSA
iM+rky ls lkQ gS] lko/kkuh gh cpko gSA ^ykyp ugha djsa^] 
;g lHkh leL;kvksa dh tM+ gSA euksoSKkfud ncko esa ugha vk,A 
/kedh feyus ij iqfyl dh enn ysus ls ugha fgpdsaA fuMj cusa] 
rHkh lkbcj Bxh ls cpk tk ldrk gSA  
lanHkZ lzksr%&
 y Hkkjrh; fjt+oZ cSad dh osclkbV~
 y Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad vkSj u, jk"Vªh;—r cSadksa dh osclkbV~l 
¼ys[kd orZeku esa Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad ds d‚jiksjsV dsaæ] eqacbZ ds 
vkfFkZd vuqla/kku foHkkx esa lgk;d egkçcaèkd ds :i esa dk;Zjr gSa 
vkSj foxr 11 o"kksaZ ls cSafdax vkSj vkfFkZd fo"k;ksa ij Lora= ys[ku 
dj jgs gSaA½
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Objective type Questions

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shortcuts and tricks

,

Summary

,

past year papers

,

practice quizzes

,

study material

,

ppt

,

MCQs

,

Viva Questions

,

Previous Year Questions with Solutions

,

Important questions

,

Free

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