Properties of Liquids PPT Physics Class 11

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Mechanical Properties of Fluids
Page 2


Mechanical Properties of Fluids
I n t r o d u c t i o n
Mechanics: The oldest physical science that deals with both stationary and moving bodies
under the influence of forces. 
Fluid mechanics: The science that deals with the behavior of fluids at rest (fluid statics) or in
motion (fluid dynamics), and the interaction of fluids with solids or other fluids at the
boundaries. 
Fluid dynamics: Fluid mechanics is also referred to as fluid dynamics by considering fluids at
rest as a special case of motion with zero velocity.
Page 3


Mechanical Properties of Fluids
I n t r o d u c t i o n
Mechanics: The oldest physical science that deals with both stationary and moving bodies
under the influence of forces. 
Fluid mechanics: The science that deals with the behavior of fluids at rest (fluid statics) or in
motion (fluid dynamics), and the interaction of fluids with solids or other fluids at the
boundaries. 
Fluid dynamics: Fluid mechanics is also referred to as fluid dynamics by considering fluids at
rest as a special case of motion with zero velocity.
F l u i d
Fluid is a substance that flows under the action of an applied force and does not
have a shape of its own.
E x a m p l e s : Liquids and Gases
Page 4


Mechanical Properties of Fluids
I n t r o d u c t i o n
Mechanics: The oldest physical science that deals with both stationary and moving bodies
under the influence of forces. 
Fluid mechanics: The science that deals with the behavior of fluids at rest (fluid statics) or in
motion (fluid dynamics), and the interaction of fluids with solids or other fluids at the
boundaries. 
Fluid dynamics: Fluid mechanics is also referred to as fluid dynamics by considering fluids at
rest as a special case of motion with zero velocity.
F l u i d
Fluid is a substance that flows under the action of an applied force and does not
have a shape of its own.
E x a m p l e s : Liquids and Gases
Fluid Statics
Fluid either at rest or moving in a manner that there is no relative motion
between adjacent particles.
No shearing stress in the fluid 
Only pressure (force that develop on the surfaces of the particles)
Page 5


Mechanical Properties of Fluids
I n t r o d u c t i o n
Mechanics: The oldest physical science that deals with both stationary and moving bodies
under the influence of forces. 
Fluid mechanics: The science that deals with the behavior of fluids at rest (fluid statics) or in
motion (fluid dynamics), and the interaction of fluids with solids or other fluids at the
boundaries. 
Fluid dynamics: Fluid mechanics is also referred to as fluid dynamics by considering fluids at
rest as a special case of motion with zero velocity.
F l u i d
Fluid is a substance that flows under the action of an applied force and does not
have a shape of its own.
E x a m p l e s : Liquids and Gases
Fluid Statics
Fluid either at rest or moving in a manner that there is no relative motion
between adjacent particles.
No shearing stress in the fluid 
Only pressure (force that develop on the surfaces of the particles)
P r e s s u r e
Pressure is defined as a normal force exerted by a fluid per unit area.
Units of pressure are N/m², which is called a pascal (Pa).
Since the unit Pa is too small for pressures encountered in practice, kilopascal
(1 kPa = 10³ Pa) and megapascal (1 MPa = 10 6 Pa) are commonly used.
Other units include bar, atm, kgf/cm², lbf/in² = psi.