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System of particle & Rigid body PPT Physics Class 11

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FAQs on System of particle & Rigid body PPT Physics Class 11

1. What is the difference between translational motion and rotational motion in a system of particles?
Ans.Translational motion refers to the movement of an entire system of particles from one location to another, where all particles move in the same direction and with the same velocity. In contrast, rotational motion involves the movement of particles around a central axis, where different particles may have different velocities depending on their distance from the axis of rotation.
2. How do we calculate the center of mass for a system of particles?
Ans.The center of mass (COM) for a system of particles is calculated using the formula: \[ \text{COM} = \frac{\sum m_i \cdot r_i}{\sum m_i} \] where \( m_i \) represents the mass of each particle and \( r_i \) is the position vector of each particle. The center of mass is the average position of all the masses in the system, weighted by their respective masses.
3. What are the main equations of motion for rotational dynamics?
Ans.The main equations of motion for rotational dynamics are analogous to linear motion equations. They include: 1. \( \theta = \theta_0 + \omega_0 t + \frac{1}{2} \alpha t^2 \) (angular displacement) 2. \( \omega = \omega_0 + \alpha t \) (angular velocity) 3. \( \omega^2 = \omega_0^2 + 2\alpha \theta \) (angular acceleration) where \( \theta \) is the angular displacement, \( \omega \) is the angular velocity, \( \alpha \) is the angular acceleration, and \( t \) is time.
4. What role does the moment of inertia play in rotational motion?
Ans.The moment of inertia is a measure of an object's resistance to changes in its rotational motion about an axis. It depends on the mass distribution of the object relative to the axis of rotation. The greater the moment of inertia, the harder it is to change the rotational state of the object, which is represented mathematically in Newton's second law for rotation as: \[ \tau = I \alpha \] where \( \tau \) is the torque, \( I \) is the moment of inertia, and \( \alpha \) is the angular acceleration.
5. How is torque related to angular momentum in a system of particles?
Ans.Torque is the rate of change of angular momentum in a system of particles. This relationship is expressed mathematically by the equation: \[ \tau = \frac{dL}{dt} \] where \( \tau \) is the torque and \( L \) is the angular momentum. This indicates that if a net torque acts on a system, it will result in a change in its angular momentum over time.
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