Some basic concepts of Chemistry PPT Chemistry Class 11

 Page 1


SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF 
CHEMISTRY 
Page 2


SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF 
CHEMISTRY 
CHEMISTRY
Chemistry is the branch of science that deals with
the composition, structure and properties of
matter. Chemistry is called the science of atoms
and molecule
Page 3


SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF 
CHEMISTRY 
CHEMISTRY
Chemistry is the branch of science that deals with
the composition, structure and properties of
matter. Chemistry is called the science of atoms
and molecule
Branches of Chemistry
• Organic Chemistry -This branch deals with study of carbon compounds 
especially hydrocarbons and their derivatives.
• Inorganic Chemistry-This branch deals with the study of compounds of all 
other elements except carbon. It largely concerns itself with the study of 
minerals found in the Earth's crust.
• Physical Chemistry-The explanation of fundamental principles governing 
various chemical phenomena is the main concern of this branch. It is 
basically concerned with laws and theories of the different branches of 
chemistry. 
• Industrial Chemistry-The chemistry involved in industrial processes is 
studied under this branch.
• Analytical Chemistry-This branch deals with the qualitative and 
quantitative analysis of various substances.
• Biochemistry-This branch deals with the chemical changes going on in the 
bodies of living organisms; plants and animals.
• Nuclear Chemistry-Nuclear reactions, such as nuclear fission, nuclear 
fusion, transmutation processes etc. are studied under this branch
Page 4


SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF 
CHEMISTRY 
CHEMISTRY
Chemistry is the branch of science that deals with
the composition, structure and properties of
matter. Chemistry is called the science of atoms
and molecule
Branches of Chemistry
• Organic Chemistry -This branch deals with study of carbon compounds 
especially hydrocarbons and their derivatives.
• Inorganic Chemistry-This branch deals with the study of compounds of all 
other elements except carbon. It largely concerns itself with the study of 
minerals found in the Earth's crust.
• Physical Chemistry-The explanation of fundamental principles governing 
various chemical phenomena is the main concern of this branch. It is 
basically concerned with laws and theories of the different branches of 
chemistry. 
• Industrial Chemistry-The chemistry involved in industrial processes is 
studied under this branch.
• Analytical Chemistry-This branch deals with the qualitative and 
quantitative analysis of various substances.
• Biochemistry-This branch deals with the chemical changes going on in the 
bodies of living organisms; plants and animals.
• Nuclear Chemistry-Nuclear reactions, such as nuclear fission, nuclear 
fusion, transmutation processes etc. are studied under this branch
PROPERTIES OF MATTER AND THEIR 
MEASUREMENT —
• Every substance has unique or characteristic
properties.These properties can be classified into two
categories –
• Physical properties and chemical properties.
• Physical properties are those properties which can be
measured or observed without changing the identity or the
composition of the substance. E.g. colour, odour, melting
point, boiling point, density etc. The measurement or
observation of chemical properties requires a chemical
change to occur. e.g. Burning of Mg-ribbon in air
• Chemical properties are characteristic reactions of
different substances; these include acidity or basicity,
combustibility etc. Many properties of matter such as
length, area, volume, etc., are quantitative in nature
Page 5


SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF 
CHEMISTRY 
CHEMISTRY
Chemistry is the branch of science that deals with
the composition, structure and properties of
matter. Chemistry is called the science of atoms
and molecule
Branches of Chemistry
• Organic Chemistry -This branch deals with study of carbon compounds 
especially hydrocarbons and their derivatives.
• Inorganic Chemistry-This branch deals with the study of compounds of all 
other elements except carbon. It largely concerns itself with the study of 
minerals found in the Earth's crust.
• Physical Chemistry-The explanation of fundamental principles governing 
various chemical phenomena is the main concern of this branch. It is 
basically concerned with laws and theories of the different branches of 
chemistry. 
• Industrial Chemistry-The chemistry involved in industrial processes is 
studied under this branch.
• Analytical Chemistry-This branch deals with the qualitative and 
quantitative analysis of various substances.
• Biochemistry-This branch deals with the chemical changes going on in the 
bodies of living organisms; plants and animals.
• Nuclear Chemistry-Nuclear reactions, such as nuclear fission, nuclear 
fusion, transmutation processes etc. are studied under this branch
PROPERTIES OF MATTER AND THEIR 
MEASUREMENT —
• Every substance has unique or characteristic
properties.These properties can be classified into two
categories –
• Physical properties and chemical properties.
• Physical properties are those properties which can be
measured or observed without changing the identity or the
composition of the substance. E.g. colour, odour, melting
point, boiling point, density etc. The measurement or
observation of chemical properties requires a chemical
change to occur. e.g. Burning of Mg-ribbon in air
• Chemical properties are characteristic reactions of
different substances; these include acidity or basicity,
combustibility etc. Many properties of matter such as
length, area, volume, etc., are quantitative in nature
• Mass and Weight-- Mass of a substance is the amount of matter 
present in it while weight is the force exerted by gravity on an object. 
The mass of a substance is constant whereas its weight may vary from 
one place to another due to change in gravity. The mass of a 
substance can be determined very accurately by using an analytical 
balance
• Volume-- Volume has the units of (length)3 . So volume has units of 
m3 or cm3 or dm3 .A common unit, litre (L) is not an SI unit, is used 
for measurement of volume of liquids. 1 L = 1000 mL, 1000 cm3 = 1 
dm3
• Density: Density of a substance is its amount of mass per unit 
volume.SI unit of density = SI unit of mass/SI unit of volume = kg/m3 
or kg m –3 This unit is quite large and a chemist often expresses 
density in g cm –3 .
• Temperature--There are three common scales to measure 
temperature — °C (degree celsius), °F (degree Fahrenheit) and K 
(kelvin). Here, K is the SI unit. K = °C + 273.15