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PPT: Biomolecules
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| 1. What are the four major types of biomolecules and how do they differ? |  |
Ans. The four major biomolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates provide energy and structural support; lipids store energy and form cell membranes; proteins catalyse reactions and build tissues; nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) store and transmit genetic information. Each has distinct chemical composition and biological functions essential for life processes.
| 2. Why do glucose and fructose have the same molecular formula but different properties? | |
Ans. Glucose and fructose are isomers-both have the formula C₆H₁₂O₆ but differ in atomic arrangement. Glucose is an aldose sugar with an aldehyde group, while fructose is a ketose with a ketone group. This structural difference affects their sweetness, solubility, and how enzymes recognise them, demonstrating how molecular structure determines biochemical behaviour.
| 3. How do peptide bonds link amino acids to form proteins in CBSE Class 11? | |
Ans. Peptide bonds form through a condensation reaction between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another, releasing water. This covalent bond creates a polypeptide chain with a specific sequence determined by DNA. The order of amino acids dictates protein structure and function, making peptide linkages fundamental to protein synthesis.
| 4. What's the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats at the molecular level? | |
Ans. Saturated fats contain only single bonds between carbon atoms in their fatty acid chains, making them solid at room temperature and more stable. Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds, creating kinks in their structure, making them liquid and more prone to oxidation. These structural differences affect their melting points, digestibility, and health implications significantly.
| 5. Why are nucleotides considered the building blocks of DNA and RNA? | |
Ans. Nucleotides consist of a pentose sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base-three components that polymerise to form nucleic acid chains. The phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides create the sugar-phosphate backbone, while bases pair specifically (A-T, G-C in DNA). This modular structure allows nucleotides to encode genetic information through base sequence variation.
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Document Description: PPT: Biomolecules for NEET 2026 is part of Biology Class 11 preparation. The notes and questions for PPT: Biomolecules have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus. Information about PPT: Biomolecules covers topics like and PPT: Biomolecules Example, for NEET 2026 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for PPT: Biomolecules.
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