Biotechnology - Principle & Processes PPT Biology Class 12

 Page 1


PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES
Page 2


PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES
BIOTECHNOLOGY: PRINCIPLES
AND PROCESSES
Biotechnology deals with techniques of using live 
organisms or enzymes from organisms to produce products 
and processes useful to humans.
The European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) has given a
definition of biotechnology that encompasses both traditional
view and modern molecular biotechnology.
The definition given by EFB is as follows:
 
‘The integration of natural science and organisms, cells, parts
thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services’.
Page 3


PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES
BIOTECHNOLOGY: PRINCIPLES
AND PROCESSES
Biotechnology deals with techniques of using live 
organisms or enzymes from organisms to produce products 
and processes useful to humans.
The European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) has given a
definition of biotechnology that encompasses both traditional
view and modern molecular biotechnology.
The definition given by EFB is as follows:
 
‘The integration of natural science and organisms, cells, parts
thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services’.
Asexual reproduction preserves the genetic identity of
species.
Sexual reproduction creates variation and creates unique
combinations of genetic makeup.
Traditional hybridization procedures used in plant and
animal breeding lead to inclusion of undesired genes with
desired genes
The techniques of genetic engineering which includes
creation of recombinant DNA, use of gene cloning and
gene transfer, help to overcome this limitation  
 Principle of genetic
engineering
Page 4


PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES
BIOTECHNOLOGY: PRINCIPLES
AND PROCESSES
Biotechnology deals with techniques of using live 
organisms or enzymes from organisms to produce products 
and processes useful to humans.
The European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) has given a
definition of biotechnology that encompasses both traditional
view and modern molecular biotechnology.
The definition given by EFB is as follows:
 
‘The integration of natural science and organisms, cells, parts
thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services’.
Asexual reproduction preserves the genetic identity of
species.
Sexual reproduction creates variation and creates unique
combinations of genetic makeup.
Traditional hybridization procedures used in plant and
animal breeding lead to inclusion of undesired genes with
desired genes
The techniques of genetic engineering which includes
creation of recombinant DNA, use of gene cloning and
gene transfer, help to overcome this limitation  
 Principle of genetic
engineering
Three basic steps in genetically modifying an
organism–
Identification of DNA with desirable gene
Introduction of the identified DNA into the host.
 Maintenance of introduced DNA in the host and
transfer ofthe DNA to its progeny.
Page 5


PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES
BIOTECHNOLOGY: PRINCIPLES
AND PROCESSES
Biotechnology deals with techniques of using live 
organisms or enzymes from organisms to produce products 
and processes useful to humans.
The European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) has given a
definition of biotechnology that encompasses both traditional
view and modern molecular biotechnology.
The definition given by EFB is as follows:
 
‘The integration of natural science and organisms, cells, parts
thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services’.
Asexual reproduction preserves the genetic identity of
species.
Sexual reproduction creates variation and creates unique
combinations of genetic makeup.
Traditional hybridization procedures used in plant and
animal breeding lead to inclusion of undesired genes with
desired genes
The techniques of genetic engineering which includes
creation of recombinant DNA, use of gene cloning and
gene transfer, help to overcome this limitation  
 Principle of genetic
engineering
Three basic steps in genetically modifying an
organism–
Identification of DNA with desirable gene
Introduction of the identified DNA into the host.
 Maintenance of introduced DNA in the host and
transfer ofthe DNA to its progeny.
Restriction Enzymes
 Cloning vectors 
Competent Host (for transformation with
recombinant DNA)
TOOLS OF RECOMBINANT
DNA TECHNOLOGY
Genetic engineering or recombinant DNA technology can be
accomplished only if we have the key tools -