Acids, Bases and Salts Class 10 PPT

 Page 1


ACID,
BASES AND
SALTS
Class - 10
Page 2


ACID,
BASES AND
SALTS
Class - 10
It is defined as a chemical compound
that has a distinct sour flavour and
possesses the property of being acidic. 
Chemically, it is characterized by a pH
value that is less than 7.
Examples: Acetic acid (vinegar) Citric
acid (lemon juice)
What are Acids?
Page 3


ACID,
BASES AND
SALTS
Class - 10
It is defined as a chemical compound
that has a distinct sour flavour and
possesses the property of being acidic. 
Chemically, it is characterized by a pH
value that is less than 7.
Examples: Acetic acid (vinegar) Citric
acid (lemon juice)
What are Acids?
 The term ‘acid’ has been derived from
the Latin word, 'acidus' which means
sour.
Acids have a sour taste. They turn blue
litmus solution red. 
They give H+ ions in an aqueous solution.
Properties of Acids :
What are Acids?
Page 4


ACID,
BASES AND
SALTS
Class - 10
It is defined as a chemical compound
that has a distinct sour flavour and
possesses the property of being acidic. 
Chemically, it is characterized by a pH
value that is less than 7.
Examples: Acetic acid (vinegar) Citric
acid (lemon juice)
What are Acids?
 The term ‘acid’ has been derived from
the Latin word, 'acidus' which means
sour.
Acids have a sour taste. They turn blue
litmus solution red. 
They give H+ ions in an aqueous solution.
Properties of Acids :
What are Acids?
 1.Strong Acids: An acid, which
dissociates completely or almost
completely in water are strong acids.
Examples: HCl, H 2SO 4, and HNO 3. 
Categories of Acids
4.Dilute Acids: A dilute solution is a liquid
having a lower solute content. (More
amount of water + Less amount of acid).
Examples: H 2SO 4 with a concentration of
5% is considered a dilute acid.
3. Concentrated Acids: A concentrated
solution is a liquid with a high solute
concentration. A dilute solution is a liquid
having a lower solute content. (More
amount of acid + Less amount of water).
Examples: Conc. H 2SO 4 and Conc. HCl 
2. Weak Acids: Acid that dissociates
only partially when dissolved in water
are weak acids. Examples: CH 3COOH,
Oxalic acid, and Lactic acid. 
Page 5


ACID,
BASES AND
SALTS
Class - 10
It is defined as a chemical compound
that has a distinct sour flavour and
possesses the property of being acidic. 
Chemically, it is characterized by a pH
value that is less than 7.
Examples: Acetic acid (vinegar) Citric
acid (lemon juice)
What are Acids?
 The term ‘acid’ has been derived from
the Latin word, 'acidus' which means
sour.
Acids have a sour taste. They turn blue
litmus solution red. 
They give H+ ions in an aqueous solution.
Properties of Acids :
What are Acids?
 1.Strong Acids: An acid, which
dissociates completely or almost
completely in water are strong acids.
Examples: HCl, H 2SO 4, and HNO 3. 
Categories of Acids
4.Dilute Acids: A dilute solution is a liquid
having a lower solute content. (More
amount of water + Less amount of acid).
Examples: H 2SO 4 with a concentration of
5% is considered a dilute acid.
3. Concentrated Acids: A concentrated
solution is a liquid with a high solute
concentration. A dilute solution is a liquid
having a lower solute content. (More
amount of acid + Less amount of water).
Examples: Conc. H 2SO 4 and Conc. HCl 
2. Weak Acids: Acid that dissociates
only partially when dissolved in water
are weak acids. Examples: CH 3COOH,
Oxalic acid, and Lactic acid. 
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2)
Potassium hydroxide (KOH).
A chemical compound that has a distinct bitter
taste and possesses the property of being basic is
defined as a base. Chemically, it is characterized by
a pH value that is more than 7, indicating that it has a
higher concentration of hydroxide ions than
hydrogen ions. Bases are often slippery to the touch
and are typically found in cleaning products, soaps,
and many other industrial and household
applications.
Examples:
What is a Base?