Kurukshetra Magazine September 2023 - 1 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly - UPSC PDF Download

 Page 1


1 Kurukshetra       September  2023
Page 2


1 Kurukshetra       September  2023 3 Kurukshetra       September  2023
A Journal on Rural Development 
Contents
Vol. 71     |     No. 11     |     Pages 72     |     September 2023
Kurukshetra seeks to carry the message of 
Rural Development to all people. It serves as 
a forum for free, frank and serious discussion 
on the problems of Rural Development with 
special focus on Rural Uplift.
The views expressed by the authors in the 
articles are their own. They do not necessarily 
reflect the views of the Government or the 
organisations they work for.
The readers are requested to verify the claims 
in the advertisements regarding career 
guidance books/institutions. Kurukshetra 
does not own responsibility. Maps used are 
for illustration & study purpose and may not 
strictly conform to the official map. Images, 
graphics and illustrations, wherever used, are 
mostly sourced from government channels 
and are indicative in nature. Final Editing 
rights will vest with Kurukshetra Team.
Sales Emporia : ? Delhi - BM (I/c), Publications Division, CGO Complex, Soochna Bhavan, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003  
(011-24365609); Hall No. 196, Old Secretariat, Delhi 110054 (011-23890205) ? Kolkata - 8, Esplanade East, Kolkata-700069 
(033-22482576) ? ? Mumbai - 701, C-Wing, 7
th
 Floor, Kendriya Sadan, Belapur, Navi Mumbai-400614 (022-27570686)  
? Chennai - ‘A’ Wing, Rajaji Bhawan, Besant Nagar, Chennai - 600090 (044-24917673) ? Thiruvananthapuram - Press Road, 
Near Govt. Press, Thiruvananthpuram - 6950001 (0471-2330650) ? Hyderabad - Room No. 204, 2
nd
 Floor, C.G.O. Towers, 
Kavadiguda, Hyderabad-500080 (040-27535383) ? Bengaluru - Floor, ‘F’ Wing, Kendriya Sadan, Koramangala, Bengaluru - 
560034 (080-25537244) ? Patna - Bihar State Co-operative, Bank Building, Ashoka Rajpath, Patna-800004 (0612-2675823)  
? Lucknow - Hall No. 1, 2
nd
 Floor, Kendriya Bhawan, sector – H, Aliganj, Lucknow - 226024 (0522-2325455) ? Ahmedabad - Sales 
Unit, Publications Division, 4-C, Neptune Tower, 4
th
 Floor, Nr HP Petrol Pump, Nehru Bridge Corner, Ashram Road, Ahmedabad 
Gujarat -380009 (079-26588669) 
CHIEF EDITOR 
Manogyan Rani Pal
EDITOR 
Shiela Chaudhary
JOINT DIRECTOR (PRODUCTION)
D.K.C. Hrudhainath
COVER DESIGN
Neeraj Ridlaan
EDITORIAL OFFICE
Room No. 653,  
Publications Division,  
Soochna Bhawan, C.G.O. Complex,  
Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003 
Phone : 011-24362859  
Email : kurukshetrajournal@gmail.com
For Subscription Enquiries,  
Grievances, Renewals and Agency  
Information, Please Contact:
Journals Unit 
Publications Division, Room No. 779,  
Soochna Bhawan, C.G.O. Complex,  
Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110 003
(Monday-Friday, 9:30 AM-6:00 PM)
Phone : 24367453, FAX: 24365610
Email : pdjucir@gmail.com
Website : publicationsdivision.nic.in
@publicationsdivision
@DPD_India
@dpd_India
For Online Sale, please log on to  
bharatkosh.gov.in/product, and for  
e-books, please visit Google Play  
or Amazon.
Subscription 
1 Year  :    ` 230
18
12
31
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66
61
5
Make in India
Catalysing Growth of Students and Youth
Pramit Dash 
Shubham Gupta
Tanvi Misra
12
Make in India 
Challenges, Opportunities and Outcomes
Dr. K. K. Tripathy
27
Production Linked Incentive Scheme for 
Aatmanirbhar Bharat
Rashi Sharma
Aman Sharma
22
India
Hub for Electronics Manufacturing
BS Purkyastha
18
Fostering Skills for Environmentally 
Conscious Sustainable Future
Kanchan Puri
Ritesh Joshi
Tanuja Puri
31
Cultural Heritage 
Tradition to Innovation
Hemanth Menon 
38
Make in India’s Super Star Sectors and 
Water Management
Arunlal K.
44
Changing Paradigm of Foreign 
Direct Investment 
Dr. Debabrata Samanta
50
Food Processing
Advancing Make in India
Bhuwan Bhaskar
66
Renewable Energy 
Making India Self-Sufficient
Manjula Wadhwa
61
Boosting Innovation 
Transforming Manufacturing
Irtif Lone
55
Leveraging Vocal for Local
Partha Pratim Sahu
44
Page 3


1 Kurukshetra       September  2023 3 Kurukshetra       September  2023
A Journal on Rural Development 
Contents
Vol. 71     |     No. 11     |     Pages 72     |     September 2023
Kurukshetra seeks to carry the message of 
Rural Development to all people. It serves as 
a forum for free, frank and serious discussion 
on the problems of Rural Development with 
special focus on Rural Uplift.
The views expressed by the authors in the 
articles are their own. They do not necessarily 
reflect the views of the Government or the 
organisations they work for.
The readers are requested to verify the claims 
in the advertisements regarding career 
guidance books/institutions. Kurukshetra 
does not own responsibility. Maps used are 
for illustration & study purpose and may not 
strictly conform to the official map. Images, 
graphics and illustrations, wherever used, are 
mostly sourced from government channels 
and are indicative in nature. Final Editing 
rights will vest with Kurukshetra Team.
Sales Emporia : ? Delhi - BM (I/c), Publications Division, CGO Complex, Soochna Bhavan, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003  
(011-24365609); Hall No. 196, Old Secretariat, Delhi 110054 (011-23890205) ? Kolkata - 8, Esplanade East, Kolkata-700069 
(033-22482576) ? ? Mumbai - 701, C-Wing, 7
th
 Floor, Kendriya Sadan, Belapur, Navi Mumbai-400614 (022-27570686)  
? Chennai - ‘A’ Wing, Rajaji Bhawan, Besant Nagar, Chennai - 600090 (044-24917673) ? Thiruvananthapuram - Press Road, 
Near Govt. Press, Thiruvananthpuram - 6950001 (0471-2330650) ? Hyderabad - Room No. 204, 2
nd
 Floor, C.G.O. Towers, 
Kavadiguda, Hyderabad-500080 (040-27535383) ? Bengaluru - Floor, ‘F’ Wing, Kendriya Sadan, Koramangala, Bengaluru - 
560034 (080-25537244) ? Patna - Bihar State Co-operative, Bank Building, Ashoka Rajpath, Patna-800004 (0612-2675823)  
? Lucknow - Hall No. 1, 2
nd
 Floor, Kendriya Bhawan, sector – H, Aliganj, Lucknow - 226024 (0522-2325455) ? Ahmedabad - Sales 
Unit, Publications Division, 4-C, Neptune Tower, 4
th
 Floor, Nr HP Petrol Pump, Nehru Bridge Corner, Ashram Road, Ahmedabad 
Gujarat -380009 (079-26588669) 
CHIEF EDITOR 
Manogyan Rani Pal
EDITOR 
Shiela Chaudhary
JOINT DIRECTOR (PRODUCTION)
D.K.C. Hrudhainath
COVER DESIGN
Neeraj Ridlaan
EDITORIAL OFFICE
Room No. 653,  
Publications Division,  
Soochna Bhawan, C.G.O. Complex,  
Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003 
Phone : 011-24362859  
Email : kurukshetrajournal@gmail.com
For Subscription Enquiries,  
Grievances, Renewals and Agency  
Information, Please Contact:
Journals Unit 
Publications Division, Room No. 779,  
Soochna Bhawan, C.G.O. Complex,  
Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110 003
(Monday-Friday, 9:30 AM-6:00 PM)
Phone : 24367453, FAX: 24365610
Email : pdjucir@gmail.com
Website : publicationsdivision.nic.in
@publicationsdivision
@DPD_India
@dpd_India
For Online Sale, please log on to  
bharatkosh.gov.in/product, and for  
e-books, please visit Google Play  
or Amazon.
Subscription 
1 Year  :    ` 230
18
12
31
22
66
61
5
Make in India
Catalysing Growth of Students and Youth
Pramit Dash 
Shubham Gupta
Tanvi Misra
12
Make in India 
Challenges, Opportunities and Outcomes
Dr. K. K. Tripathy
27
Production Linked Incentive Scheme for 
Aatmanirbhar Bharat
Rashi Sharma
Aman Sharma
22
India
Hub for Electronics Manufacturing
BS Purkyastha
18
Fostering Skills for Environmentally 
Conscious Sustainable Future
Kanchan Puri
Ritesh Joshi
Tanuja Puri
31
Cultural Heritage 
Tradition to Innovation
Hemanth Menon 
38
Make in India’s Super Star Sectors and 
Water Management
Arunlal K.
44
Changing Paradigm of Foreign 
Direct Investment 
Dr. Debabrata Samanta
50
Food Processing
Advancing Make in India
Bhuwan Bhaskar
66
Renewable Energy 
Making India Self-Sufficient
Manjula Wadhwa
61
Boosting Innovation 
Transforming Manufacturing
Irtif Lone
55
Leveraging Vocal for Local
Partha Pratim Sahu
44
Kurukshetra       September  2023 4
In a country as diverse and vibrant as India, the potential for economic growth lies not 
just in its urban centers, but also in its rural heartlands. The ‘Make in India’ initiative, launched 
in 2014, has shown its potential to not only bolster the manufacturing sector but also to 
become a driving force for rural development. As the initiative gains momentum, it is becoming 
increasingly evident that its impacts extend far beyond urban areas, reaching deep into the 
rural fabric of the nation.
While the primary focus of the ‘Make in India’ was on attracting investment and fostering 
innovation in industries, its benefits for rural development have been noteworthy. One of the 
most significant ways this initiative has contributed to rural growth is by generating employment 
opportunities. As new manufacturing units are established in and around rural areas, they create 
job openings for local residents, thus reducing the migration of rural populations to cities in 
search of work.
The article Make in India: Catalysing Growth of Students and Youth mentions immense 
potential and determination of India's youth and discusses reforms in the education system 
that promotes experiential learning, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills to bridge the 
gap between theory and application. The author comprehends how the Government is trying 
to instil the students the skill set of an entrepreneur so that they can go on to become makers 
and ‘Make in India’ in the future.
The author of the article Make in India: Challenges, Opportunities and Outcomes explains 
four vital pillars of the ‘Make in India’ initiative, namely New Processes; New Infrastructure; 
New Sectors; New Mindset. The article also focuses on various socio-economic dimensions of 
the initiative and discusses how effective implementation of the initiative will have a positive 
impact on the overall socio-economic growth of India, especially in manufacturing growth and 
the creation and provision of employment opportunities both in rural and urban areas. 
In this issue, read about the Production Linked Incentive Scheme (PLI) for electronics 
sector, as one of the biggest beneficiaries of this scheme in the articles India: Hub for Electronics 
Manufacturing and learn comprehensively about the scheme in article.
Production Linked Incentive Scheme for Atmanirbhar Bharat, which discusses phenomenal 
impact of the scheme on employment generation.
As we delve into the pages of this special issue, our readers will get an in-depth understanding 
of how Make in India has altered the narrative of the nation’s manufacturing sector. At its core, 
‘Make in India’ is a call for self-sufficiency, which has ignited innovations and paved the way 
for skill development in rural regions. We hope our readers will acquire knowledge and enjoy 
reading insightful articles in this issue of Kurukshetra.
Let us collectively work towards a ‘Make in India’ future that knows no bounds!!
Page 4


1 Kurukshetra       September  2023 3 Kurukshetra       September  2023
A Journal on Rural Development 
Contents
Vol. 71     |     No. 11     |     Pages 72     |     September 2023
Kurukshetra seeks to carry the message of 
Rural Development to all people. It serves as 
a forum for free, frank and serious discussion 
on the problems of Rural Development with 
special focus on Rural Uplift.
The views expressed by the authors in the 
articles are their own. They do not necessarily 
reflect the views of the Government or the 
organisations they work for.
The readers are requested to verify the claims 
in the advertisements regarding career 
guidance books/institutions. Kurukshetra 
does not own responsibility. Maps used are 
for illustration & study purpose and may not 
strictly conform to the official map. Images, 
graphics and illustrations, wherever used, are 
mostly sourced from government channels 
and are indicative in nature. Final Editing 
rights will vest with Kurukshetra Team.
Sales Emporia : ? Delhi - BM (I/c), Publications Division, CGO Complex, Soochna Bhavan, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003  
(011-24365609); Hall No. 196, Old Secretariat, Delhi 110054 (011-23890205) ? Kolkata - 8, Esplanade East, Kolkata-700069 
(033-22482576) ? ? Mumbai - 701, C-Wing, 7
th
 Floor, Kendriya Sadan, Belapur, Navi Mumbai-400614 (022-27570686)  
? Chennai - ‘A’ Wing, Rajaji Bhawan, Besant Nagar, Chennai - 600090 (044-24917673) ? Thiruvananthapuram - Press Road, 
Near Govt. Press, Thiruvananthpuram - 6950001 (0471-2330650) ? Hyderabad - Room No. 204, 2
nd
 Floor, C.G.O. Towers, 
Kavadiguda, Hyderabad-500080 (040-27535383) ? Bengaluru - Floor, ‘F’ Wing, Kendriya Sadan, Koramangala, Bengaluru - 
560034 (080-25537244) ? Patna - Bihar State Co-operative, Bank Building, Ashoka Rajpath, Patna-800004 (0612-2675823)  
? Lucknow - Hall No. 1, 2
nd
 Floor, Kendriya Bhawan, sector – H, Aliganj, Lucknow - 226024 (0522-2325455) ? Ahmedabad - Sales 
Unit, Publications Division, 4-C, Neptune Tower, 4
th
 Floor, Nr HP Petrol Pump, Nehru Bridge Corner, Ashram Road, Ahmedabad 
Gujarat -380009 (079-26588669) 
CHIEF EDITOR 
Manogyan Rani Pal
EDITOR 
Shiela Chaudhary
JOINT DIRECTOR (PRODUCTION)
D.K.C. Hrudhainath
COVER DESIGN
Neeraj Ridlaan
EDITORIAL OFFICE
Room No. 653,  
Publications Division,  
Soochna Bhawan, C.G.O. Complex,  
Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003 
Phone : 011-24362859  
Email : kurukshetrajournal@gmail.com
For Subscription Enquiries,  
Grievances, Renewals and Agency  
Information, Please Contact:
Journals Unit 
Publications Division, Room No. 779,  
Soochna Bhawan, C.G.O. Complex,  
Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110 003
(Monday-Friday, 9:30 AM-6:00 PM)
Phone : 24367453, FAX: 24365610
Email : pdjucir@gmail.com
Website : publicationsdivision.nic.in
@publicationsdivision
@DPD_India
@dpd_India
For Online Sale, please log on to  
bharatkosh.gov.in/product, and for  
e-books, please visit Google Play  
or Amazon.
Subscription 
1 Year  :    ` 230
18
12
31
22
66
61
5
Make in India
Catalysing Growth of Students and Youth
Pramit Dash 
Shubham Gupta
Tanvi Misra
12
Make in India 
Challenges, Opportunities and Outcomes
Dr. K. K. Tripathy
27
Production Linked Incentive Scheme for 
Aatmanirbhar Bharat
Rashi Sharma
Aman Sharma
22
India
Hub for Electronics Manufacturing
BS Purkyastha
18
Fostering Skills for Environmentally 
Conscious Sustainable Future
Kanchan Puri
Ritesh Joshi
Tanuja Puri
31
Cultural Heritage 
Tradition to Innovation
Hemanth Menon 
38
Make in India’s Super Star Sectors and 
Water Management
Arunlal K.
44
Changing Paradigm of Foreign 
Direct Investment 
Dr. Debabrata Samanta
50
Food Processing
Advancing Make in India
Bhuwan Bhaskar
66
Renewable Energy 
Making India Self-Sufficient
Manjula Wadhwa
61
Boosting Innovation 
Transforming Manufacturing
Irtif Lone
55
Leveraging Vocal for Local
Partha Pratim Sahu
44
Kurukshetra       September  2023 4
In a country as diverse and vibrant as India, the potential for economic growth lies not 
just in its urban centers, but also in its rural heartlands. The ‘Make in India’ initiative, launched 
in 2014, has shown its potential to not only bolster the manufacturing sector but also to 
become a driving force for rural development. As the initiative gains momentum, it is becoming 
increasingly evident that its impacts extend far beyond urban areas, reaching deep into the 
rural fabric of the nation.
While the primary focus of the ‘Make in India’ was on attracting investment and fostering 
innovation in industries, its benefits for rural development have been noteworthy. One of the 
most significant ways this initiative has contributed to rural growth is by generating employment 
opportunities. As new manufacturing units are established in and around rural areas, they create 
job openings for local residents, thus reducing the migration of rural populations to cities in 
search of work.
The article Make in India: Catalysing Growth of Students and Youth mentions immense 
potential and determination of India's youth and discusses reforms in the education system 
that promotes experiential learning, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills to bridge the 
gap between theory and application. The author comprehends how the Government is trying 
to instil the students the skill set of an entrepreneur so that they can go on to become makers 
and ‘Make in India’ in the future.
The author of the article Make in India: Challenges, Opportunities and Outcomes explains 
four vital pillars of the ‘Make in India’ initiative, namely New Processes; New Infrastructure; 
New Sectors; New Mindset. The article also focuses on various socio-economic dimensions of 
the initiative and discusses how effective implementation of the initiative will have a positive 
impact on the overall socio-economic growth of India, especially in manufacturing growth and 
the creation and provision of employment opportunities both in rural and urban areas. 
In this issue, read about the Production Linked Incentive Scheme (PLI) for electronics 
sector, as one of the biggest beneficiaries of this scheme in the articles India: Hub for Electronics 
Manufacturing and learn comprehensively about the scheme in article.
Production Linked Incentive Scheme for Atmanirbhar Bharat, which discusses phenomenal 
impact of the scheme on employment generation.
As we delve into the pages of this special issue, our readers will get an in-depth understanding 
of how Make in India has altered the narrative of the nation’s manufacturing sector. At its core, 
‘Make in India’ is a call for self-sufficiency, which has ignited innovations and paved the way 
for skill development in rural regions. We hope our readers will acquire knowledge and enjoy 
reading insightful articles in this issue of Kurukshetra.
Let us collectively work towards a ‘Make in India’ future that knows no bounds!!
5 Kurukshetra       September  2023
* The author is Program Director, Atal Innovation Mission, NITI Aayog. Email: pramitdash.aim@nic.in 
** The author is Innovation Lead, Atal Innovation Mission, NITI Aayog. Email: shubhamgupta.aim@nic.in
*** The author is Young Professional, Atal Innovation Mission, NITI Aayog. Email: tanvimisra.aim@nic.in
Make in India
Catalysing Growth of Students and Youth
* 
Pramit Dash 
** 
Shubham Gupta
*** 
Tanvi Misra 
ountries begin their process of 
economic growth with a majority of 
people engaged in the production 
of staple foods. It is gradually, with the improvement 
of labour productivity through importation and 
industrial capital accumulation, that the number of 
workers switches to the manufacturing sector and 
then to the service sector. It is this pattern of structural 
transformation that has been followed in the course 
of national economic growth; however, the pace of 
these changes widely varies across Nations. Over 
C
time, it has also been witnessed that in developing 
countries, urbanisation is taking place without much 
industrialisation, leading to challenges mainly in the 
employment sector. 
With India’s growth performance being fueled by 
the services sector, the growth rate of the manufacturing 
sector was lower than that of the overall GDP growth 
rate, resulting in the share of manufacturing in 
GDP stagnating at around 16%. Realising the macro 
economic importance of manufacturing (a large 
volume of employment opportunities were created 
With the aim of bringing about a mindset shift in students at a young age, the 
Government of India, through the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), established the Atal 
Tinkering Labs (ATL). It is through these labs that the Government 
is trying to instill the students the skill set of an 
entrepreneur so that they can go on to 
become makers and ‘Make in India’ in 
the future. 
Page 5


1 Kurukshetra       September  2023 3 Kurukshetra       September  2023
A Journal on Rural Development 
Contents
Vol. 71     |     No. 11     |     Pages 72     |     September 2023
Kurukshetra seeks to carry the message of 
Rural Development to all people. It serves as 
a forum for free, frank and serious discussion 
on the problems of Rural Development with 
special focus on Rural Uplift.
The views expressed by the authors in the 
articles are their own. They do not necessarily 
reflect the views of the Government or the 
organisations they work for.
The readers are requested to verify the claims 
in the advertisements regarding career 
guidance books/institutions. Kurukshetra 
does not own responsibility. Maps used are 
for illustration & study purpose and may not 
strictly conform to the official map. Images, 
graphics and illustrations, wherever used, are 
mostly sourced from government channels 
and are indicative in nature. Final Editing 
rights will vest with Kurukshetra Team.
Sales Emporia : ? Delhi - BM (I/c), Publications Division, CGO Complex, Soochna Bhavan, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003  
(011-24365609); Hall No. 196, Old Secretariat, Delhi 110054 (011-23890205) ? Kolkata - 8, Esplanade East, Kolkata-700069 
(033-22482576) ? ? Mumbai - 701, C-Wing, 7
th
 Floor, Kendriya Sadan, Belapur, Navi Mumbai-400614 (022-27570686)  
? Chennai - ‘A’ Wing, Rajaji Bhawan, Besant Nagar, Chennai - 600090 (044-24917673) ? Thiruvananthapuram - Press Road, 
Near Govt. Press, Thiruvananthpuram - 6950001 (0471-2330650) ? Hyderabad - Room No. 204, 2
nd
 Floor, C.G.O. Towers, 
Kavadiguda, Hyderabad-500080 (040-27535383) ? Bengaluru - Floor, ‘F’ Wing, Kendriya Sadan, Koramangala, Bengaluru - 
560034 (080-25537244) ? Patna - Bihar State Co-operative, Bank Building, Ashoka Rajpath, Patna-800004 (0612-2675823)  
? Lucknow - Hall No. 1, 2
nd
 Floor, Kendriya Bhawan, sector – H, Aliganj, Lucknow - 226024 (0522-2325455) ? Ahmedabad - Sales 
Unit, Publications Division, 4-C, Neptune Tower, 4
th
 Floor, Nr HP Petrol Pump, Nehru Bridge Corner, Ashram Road, Ahmedabad 
Gujarat -380009 (079-26588669) 
CHIEF EDITOR 
Manogyan Rani Pal
EDITOR 
Shiela Chaudhary
JOINT DIRECTOR (PRODUCTION)
D.K.C. Hrudhainath
COVER DESIGN
Neeraj Ridlaan
EDITORIAL OFFICE
Room No. 653,  
Publications Division,  
Soochna Bhawan, C.G.O. Complex,  
Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003 
Phone : 011-24362859  
Email : kurukshetrajournal@gmail.com
For Subscription Enquiries,  
Grievances, Renewals and Agency  
Information, Please Contact:
Journals Unit 
Publications Division, Room No. 779,  
Soochna Bhawan, C.G.O. Complex,  
Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110 003
(Monday-Friday, 9:30 AM-6:00 PM)
Phone : 24367453, FAX: 24365610
Email : pdjucir@gmail.com
Website : publicationsdivision.nic.in
@publicationsdivision
@DPD_India
@dpd_India
For Online Sale, please log on to  
bharatkosh.gov.in/product, and for  
e-books, please visit Google Play  
or Amazon.
Subscription 
1 Year  :    ` 230
18
12
31
22
66
61
5
Make in India
Catalysing Growth of Students and Youth
Pramit Dash 
Shubham Gupta
Tanvi Misra
12
Make in India 
Challenges, Opportunities and Outcomes
Dr. K. K. Tripathy
27
Production Linked Incentive Scheme for 
Aatmanirbhar Bharat
Rashi Sharma
Aman Sharma
22
India
Hub for Electronics Manufacturing
BS Purkyastha
18
Fostering Skills for Environmentally 
Conscious Sustainable Future
Kanchan Puri
Ritesh Joshi
Tanuja Puri
31
Cultural Heritage 
Tradition to Innovation
Hemanth Menon 
38
Make in India’s Super Star Sectors and 
Water Management
Arunlal K.
44
Changing Paradigm of Foreign 
Direct Investment 
Dr. Debabrata Samanta
50
Food Processing
Advancing Make in India
Bhuwan Bhaskar
66
Renewable Energy 
Making India Self-Sufficient
Manjula Wadhwa
61
Boosting Innovation 
Transforming Manufacturing
Irtif Lone
55
Leveraging Vocal for Local
Partha Pratim Sahu
44
Kurukshetra       September  2023 4
In a country as diverse and vibrant as India, the potential for economic growth lies not 
just in its urban centers, but also in its rural heartlands. The ‘Make in India’ initiative, launched 
in 2014, has shown its potential to not only bolster the manufacturing sector but also to 
become a driving force for rural development. As the initiative gains momentum, it is becoming 
increasingly evident that its impacts extend far beyond urban areas, reaching deep into the 
rural fabric of the nation.
While the primary focus of the ‘Make in India’ was on attracting investment and fostering 
innovation in industries, its benefits for rural development have been noteworthy. One of the 
most significant ways this initiative has contributed to rural growth is by generating employment 
opportunities. As new manufacturing units are established in and around rural areas, they create 
job openings for local residents, thus reducing the migration of rural populations to cities in 
search of work.
The article Make in India: Catalysing Growth of Students and Youth mentions immense 
potential and determination of India's youth and discusses reforms in the education system 
that promotes experiential learning, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills to bridge the 
gap between theory and application. The author comprehends how the Government is trying 
to instil the students the skill set of an entrepreneur so that they can go on to become makers 
and ‘Make in India’ in the future.
The author of the article Make in India: Challenges, Opportunities and Outcomes explains 
four vital pillars of the ‘Make in India’ initiative, namely New Processes; New Infrastructure; 
New Sectors; New Mindset. The article also focuses on various socio-economic dimensions of 
the initiative and discusses how effective implementation of the initiative will have a positive 
impact on the overall socio-economic growth of India, especially in manufacturing growth and 
the creation and provision of employment opportunities both in rural and urban areas. 
In this issue, read about the Production Linked Incentive Scheme (PLI) for electronics 
sector, as one of the biggest beneficiaries of this scheme in the articles India: Hub for Electronics 
Manufacturing and learn comprehensively about the scheme in article.
Production Linked Incentive Scheme for Atmanirbhar Bharat, which discusses phenomenal 
impact of the scheme on employment generation.
As we delve into the pages of this special issue, our readers will get an in-depth understanding 
of how Make in India has altered the narrative of the nation’s manufacturing sector. At its core, 
‘Make in India’ is a call for self-sufficiency, which has ignited innovations and paved the way 
for skill development in rural regions. We hope our readers will acquire knowledge and enjoy 
reading insightful articles in this issue of Kurukshetra.
Let us collectively work towards a ‘Make in India’ future that knows no bounds!!
5 Kurukshetra       September  2023
* The author is Program Director, Atal Innovation Mission, NITI Aayog. Email: pramitdash.aim@nic.in 
** The author is Innovation Lead, Atal Innovation Mission, NITI Aayog. Email: shubhamgupta.aim@nic.in
*** The author is Young Professional, Atal Innovation Mission, NITI Aayog. Email: tanvimisra.aim@nic.in
Make in India
Catalysing Growth of Students and Youth
* 
Pramit Dash 
** 
Shubham Gupta
*** 
Tanvi Misra 
ountries begin their process of 
economic growth with a majority of 
people engaged in the production 
of staple foods. It is gradually, with the improvement 
of labour productivity through importation and 
industrial capital accumulation, that the number of 
workers switches to the manufacturing sector and 
then to the service sector. It is this pattern of structural 
transformation that has been followed in the course 
of national economic growth; however, the pace of 
these changes widely varies across Nations. Over 
C
time, it has also been witnessed that in developing 
countries, urbanisation is taking place without much 
industrialisation, leading to challenges mainly in the 
employment sector. 
With India’s growth performance being fueled by 
the services sector, the growth rate of the manufacturing 
sector was lower than that of the overall GDP growth 
rate, resulting in the share of manufacturing in 
GDP stagnating at around 16%. Realising the macro 
economic importance of manufacturing (a large 
volume of employment opportunities were created 
With the aim of bringing about a mindset shift in students at a young age, the 
Government of India, through the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), established the Atal 
Tinkering Labs (ATL). It is through these labs that the Government 
is trying to instill the students the skill set of an 
entrepreneur so that they can go on to 
become makers and ‘Make in India’ in 
the future. 
Kurukshetra       September  2023 6
outside the agricultural 
sector to provide an 
array of sustainable living 
opportunities for the 
expanding population) 
and the unconventional 
development path India 
was treading on, multiple 
initiatives were launched 
by policymakers. The 
National Manufacturing 
Policy was launched in 
2011 followed by the 
‘Make in India’ initiative 
to make the country not 
only ‘Aatmanirbhar’ but 
also job-rich. 
The ‘Make in India’ initiative was launched in 
September 2014, by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, to 
make India future-ready, capable of facing the world, 
and make a mark amongst its counterparts. Through this 
initiative, the Government of India aimed to create and 
encourage companies to develop, manufacture, and 
assemble products made in India and also incentivise 
dedicated investments in the manufacturing space. 
Through this initiative, 27 major economic sectors 
for job creation and skill enhancement have been 
considered to increase the manufacturing sector’s 
growth; create additional manufacturing jobs in the 
economy, and ensure that the manufacturing sector's 
contribution to GDP has increased. 
The ‘Make in India-Make for World’ aims at 
promoting self-reliance and has been devised to 
transform India into a global design and manufacturing 
hub wherein it can be the first choice for any global 
manufacturer. The initiative developed against the 
backdrop of a crisis when the growth rate of the country 
was falling and its success was being questioned not 
only at a global level but also domestically. It was here 
that the need to make the world realise the potential 
of India was required, and Make in India germinated 
in this process. Make in India represents a complete 
overhaul, not only in the mindset of the Government 
but also in the processes and policies. 
India - a land of 140+ crore individuals with 67% 
of them being in the age bracket of 15-64 years proves 
that India has a relatively young population. It has been 
reported that India would remain the largest provider of 
human resources with about 24.3% of the incremental 
global workforce coming from India. However, for the 
country to realise the ‘demographic gift’, it is essential 
that the younger population receives access to quality 
education, and facilities required to make them future-
ready. 
The Challenges 
India, with its diverse population and rapidly 
growing economy, presents a mix of opportunities and 
obstacles for its youth. While the system is improving 
through a range of initiatives, significant challenges still 
exist on the axes of the education system, infrastructure, 
business environment, and society and culture.
In the realm of education, the Indian system 
has faced criticism for its emphasis on rote learning 
and grades, rather than nurturing creativity and 
critical thinking. This has hindered the development 
of innovative thinking among students, stifling 
their potential to come up with novel solutions. 
Moreover, practical exposure remains limited, with 
a gap between theoretical knowledge and real-world 
applications. Many educational institutions lack 
access to advanced technology, practical training, and 
exposure to industries, restricting students' ability to 
apply their knowledge practically. Furthermore, India's 
investment in research and development falls short