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Principles of Management
Concept of Principles of Management
Broad and general guidelines
Influence human behaviour
Derived through research and experimentation
Nature of Principles of Management
Universal applicability
General guidelines
Formed by practice and experimentation
Flexible and mainly behavioural
Cause and Effect relationship
Significance of Principles of Management
Insights into reality
Optimum utilization of resources
Scientific decisions
Meeting changing environmental requirements
Fulfilling social responsibility
Fayol’s Principles of Management
Division of work
Authority and Responsibility
Discipline
Unity of Command
Unity of Direction
Subordination of Individual Interest
Remuneration of Employees
Centralization and Decentralization
Scalar Chain
Order
Equity
Initiative
Espirit De Corps
T aylor’s Scientific Management
Science, not rule of Thumb
Harmony, not discord
Cooperation not individualism
Development of each person
Functional Foremanship
Standardization and Simplification of work
Method Study
Motion Study
Time study
Fatigue study
Differential piece wage system
Mental Revolution
Comparison Fayol vs T aylor
Complementary principles
Different focus areas
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FAQs on Mind Map: Principles of Management - Business Studies (BST) Class 12 - Commerce

1. What are the key principles of management in commerce?
Ans. The key principles of management in commerce include planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. Planning involves setting objectives and determining the best course of action to achieve them. Organizing involves arranging resources and tasks to achieve the objectives. Staffing involves recruiting, selecting, and training employees. Directing involves guiding and motivating employees towards the accomplishment of objectives. Controlling involves monitoring performance and taking corrective action when necessary.
2. How does planning contribute to effective management in commerce?
Ans. Planning is essential for effective management in commerce as it provides a roadmap for achieving organizational goals. It helps in setting clear objectives, identifying the actions required to achieve them, and allocating resources effectively. Planning also helps in minimizing risks and uncertainties, as it involves evaluating various alternatives and making informed decisions. It provides a framework for coordination and collaboration among different departments and individuals within an organization.
3. What is the role of organizing in management in commerce?
Ans. Organizing plays a crucial role in management in commerce as it involves arranging resources and tasks to achieve organizational goals. It includes designing the organizational structure, defining roles and responsibilities, and establishing communication channels. Organizing helps in efficient utilization of resources by ensuring that they are allocated optimally. It also facilitates coordination and cooperation among different departments and individuals within an organization.
4. How does directing contribute to effective management in commerce?
Ans. Directing is a key function of management in commerce as it involves guiding and motivating employees towards the accomplishment of organizational goals. It includes providing clear instructions, communicating expectations, and providing feedback to employees. Effective directing helps in aligning individual efforts with organizational objectives, enhancing employee morale and job satisfaction, and promoting teamwork. It also facilitates effective communication and coordination within an organization.
5. Why is controlling important in management in commerce?
Ans. Controlling is important in management in commerce as it helps in monitoring performance and ensuring that organizational goals are being achieved. It involves measuring actual performance against planned objectives, identifying deviations, and taking corrective action when necessary. Controlling helps in maintaining standards, improving efficiency, and minimizing wastage. It also provides feedback to employees and helps in identifying areas for improvement.
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