PPT: Electric Charges and Fields | Physics Class 12 - NEET PDF Download

 Page 1


Chapter-1
Electric Charges & 
Fields
Page 2


Chapter-1
Electric Charges & 
Fields
Introduction
• Electricity is a branch of physics which deals 
with presence & flow of charge in any material 
body. This branch is further divided into two 
main categories:-
• Static electricity or Electrostatics
• Current electricity
Page 3


Chapter-1
Electric Charges & 
Fields
Introduction
• Electricity is a branch of physics which deals 
with presence & flow of charge in any material 
body. This branch is further divided into two 
main categories:-
• Static electricity or Electrostatics
• Current electricity
Electrostatics
Thus Electrostatics is a branch of physics which study
the forces, fields & potentials arising from static
charges.
This branch is also known as Static electricity or 
Frictional electricity. 
Static because here we study charges at rest , &
Frictional because the main cause of production of
charges is friction i.e. when two insulating bodies are
rubbed against each other they led to transfer of
electrons from one body to other body.
Electro means electric Static means rest
Page 4


Chapter-1
Electric Charges & 
Fields
Introduction
• Electricity is a branch of physics which deals 
with presence & flow of charge in any material 
body. This branch is further divided into two 
main categories:-
• Static electricity or Electrostatics
• Current electricity
Electrostatics
Thus Electrostatics is a branch of physics which study
the forces, fields & potentials arising from static
charges.
This branch is also known as Static electricity or 
Frictional electricity. 
Static because here we study charges at rest , &
Frictional because the main cause of production of
charges is friction i.e. when two insulating bodies are
rubbed against each other they led to transfer of
electrons from one body to other body.
Electro means electric Static means rest
• Some common examples of static electricity are:-
• Lightning in sky
• Bits of paper get attracted towards comb when it is 
rubbed with any silk piece  
• Sensation of electric shock while opening the door
& many more are there.  
Page 5


Chapter-1
Electric Charges & 
Fields
Introduction
• Electricity is a branch of physics which deals 
with presence & flow of charge in any material 
body. This branch is further divided into two 
main categories:-
• Static electricity or Electrostatics
• Current electricity
Electrostatics
Thus Electrostatics is a branch of physics which study
the forces, fields & potentials arising from static
charges.
This branch is also known as Static electricity or 
Frictional electricity. 
Static because here we study charges at rest , &
Frictional because the main cause of production of
charges is friction i.e. when two insulating bodies are
rubbed against each other they led to transfer of
electrons from one body to other body.
Electro means electric Static means rest
• Some common examples of static electricity are:-
• Lightning in sky
• Bits of paper get attracted towards comb when it is 
rubbed with any silk piece  
• Sensation of electric shock while opening the door
& many more are there.  
• What is electric charge?
• It is an inherent property possessed by material bodies due to which
they are able to exert & respond to any type of electrical force on any
other object. There are two types of charges:-
a) Positive charge (+) b) Negative charge (-)
• Both charges have same magnitude of 1.6×10
-19
C but they differ in sign
& this property which differentiates both charges is known as polarity
of charges.
• Electric charge is a scalar quantity & is measured in C (Coulomb) which
is named after a very renowned physicist Charles Augustin de Coulomb.
• Properties of electric charge:-
• Like (same) charges always repel each other & unlike (different) charges
attract.